A numerical and experimental study of a dual-function solar collector integrated with building in passive space heating mode

A newly designed solar collector named dual-function solar collector is proposed.The dual-function solar collector integrated with building can perform in two different modes:working as a passive space heating collector in cold sunny days such as in winter,or working as a facade water heating collector in hot days such as in summer.An experimental study has been carried out to investigate the performance of the novel system in space heating mode,whilst,the dynamic numerical model has been established and va...     

Study of space heating by dual-function solar collectors

A novel solar collector named dual-function solar collector （DFSC） has been proven feasible for sup-plying warm air for space heating in winter and hot water during none-heating season by theoretical and experimen-tal studies. While integrated with building, the DFSC becomes component of the envelope. Because complexly coupling of several heat transfer modes and subjecting to random weather condition, the thermal influence of DFSC on a building remains obscure. In order to investigate the effect of DFSC for passive and active heating, a demon- strating office building integrated with DFSC panels on the southern wall and roof has been built in Hefei, in the east region of China. A simulation project of the whole building system in winter was built by the software TRNSYS with the new component developed for DFSC and compiled into the TRNSYS library based on the validated theoretical method and experimental results from previous studies. The simulation results show that the energy supplied by the DFSC can meet the heating requirement at most of the time of a sunny day, except early morning. More than 30 % solar fraction can be provided during the whole heating season in Hefei, the value further increases to 59 % in a region of high solar irradiance, such as Lhasa. While active DFSC panels are operated to provide fresh warm air through ventilation system, the flow rate shows strong influence on the solar fraction of heating load. With appropriate operation scheme of the active DFSC, more energy savings and thermal comfort can be achieved.     

Numerical Study of Thermal Performance of Phase Change Material Energy Storage Floor in Solar Water Heating System

The conventional solar heating floor system contains a big water tank to store energy in the day time for heating at night,which takes much building space and is very heavy.In order to reduce the water tank velume even to cancel the tank,a novel structure of integrated water pipe floor heating system using shape-stabi-lized phase change materials (SSPCM) for thermal energy storage was developed.A numerical model was devel-oped to analyze the performance of SSPCM floor heating system under the intermittent heating condition,which was verified by our experimental data.The thermal performance of the heating system and the effects of various factors on it were analyzed numerically.The factors including phase transition temperature,heat of fusion,ther-real conductivity of SSPCM and thermal conductivity of the decoration material were analyzed.The results show that tm and kd are the most import influencing factors on the thermal performance of SSPCM floor heating sys-tem,since they determine the heat source temperature and thermal resistance between SSPCM plates and indoor air,respectively.Hm should be large to store enough thermal energy in the day time for nighttimes heating.The effects of KP can be ignored in this system.The SSPCM floor heating system has potential of making use of the daytime solar energy for heating at night efficiently in various climates when its structure is properly designed.     

集中供热热管太阳能集热系统

大面积集中供热已成为节能降耗的新途径 ,也是太阳能热利用发展的趋势。在原有铜铝复合板的基础上 ,试制了一种结合多层建筑的集中供热热管式太阳能供热系统。我们对该集热系统进行了设计 ,并对系统的性能进行了测试。该系统结合建筑 ,利用集热板价格低的特点 ,充分利用楼层的集热面积 ,结构上体现了集中供热的特点 ,热量互为补充 ,能得到足够的热水     

太阳能季节性蓄热系统的应用研究

针对严寒地区农户、别墅独栋建筑,探索太阳能跨季节储热技术,在冬季供暖中的应用。设计方案从太阳能的年辐射量入手,分析了太阳能夏季可以提供的热量、以及建筑物冬季消耗的热量。提出太阳能存储、直接内供暖的方案,考虑到节省初投资的因素,为了减少造价,提出了太阳能结合水源热泵系统的供暖方案,以及太阳能结合空气能热泵的供暖方案。考虑了节能效率与运行费用的影响因素,该研究对采用太阳能复合热泵采暖具有一定的指导意义。     

高寒地区陶瓷太阳能集热系统的应用研究

依托大通县雪里河村太阳能集热采暖系统改造项目,采用黑瓷复合陶瓷太阳能集热板作为终端集热器,为农户提供冬季供暖及生活热水。对系统的集热器、集热面积、运行原理及节能效益进行阐述分析,并总结陶瓷太阳能集热系统的应用成果,以期为高寒地区民用建筑生态节能方式的推广应用提供建议。     

Operation Performance of Central Solar Heating System with Seasonal Storage Water Tank in Harbin

This paper presented a preliminary research on the central solar heating system with seasonal stor-age(CSHSSS)used in cold climate in China.A mathematical model of the solar energy seasonal storage water tank used in the central solar heating system was firstly developed based on energy conservation.This was fol-lowed by the simulation of the CSHSSS used in a two-floor villa in Harbin,and analysis of the impacts on storage water temperature of tank volume,solar collector area,tank burial depth,insulation thickness around the tank,etc.The results show there is a relatively economical tank volume to optimize the system efficiency,which de-creases with increasing tank volume at the constant collector area,and increases with increasing collector area at the constant tank volume.Furthermore,the insulation thickness has obvious effect on avoiding heat loss,while the tank burial depth doesn't.In addition-the relationship between the solar collector efficiency and storage wa-ter temperature is also obtained,it decreases quickly with increasing storing water temperature,and then in-creases slowly after starting space heating system.These may be helpful for relevant design and optimization in cold climates in China and all over the world.     

An improved approach for the application of Trombe wall system to building construction with selective thermo-insulation façades

An improved Trombe wall is proposed to adapt to building construction with selective thermo-insulation facades （internal and cavity wall insulation, but not external wall insulation system）. The case study is conducted in Xining, Capital city of Qinghai province in China, where the general building fa- cades are mostly selective thermo-insulation facades to fight against the severe cold. A numerical analysis is undertaken to show the effects on the improvement of the building＇s thermal environment by comparing the improved Trombe wall system with the classical Trombe wall system. The operating efficiency of the improved Trombe wall can be up to 33.85%, an increase of 56%. The results show that the improved Trombe wall works more effectively than the classical Trombe wall system in utilizing solar energy for the sample building.     

黑瓷复合陶瓷太阳板集热系统的应用研究

研发了一种与建筑一体化的新型高效平板太阳能集热体黑瓷复合陶瓷太阳板。该集热体以普通瓷土为原料配制泥浆注浆成型,表面喷涂以工业废弃物提钒尾渣为原料调配的钒钛黑瓷泥浆层,干燥后经连续辊道窑1 200 ℃烧制而成,阳光吸收比为0.95。介绍了陶瓷太阳板房顶集热系统的构建方法,该系统与建筑共用结构层、保温层、防水层,与建筑一体化、同寿命,隔热、保温效果优于普通房顶。通过建筑实例对该集热系统的集热效率与真空玻璃管热水器进行测试对比,得出集热系统日得热量为8.6 MJ/m²,远高于真空玻璃管热水器和国家标准的7.0 MJ/m² ,可实现太阳能使用成本低于常规能源。     

扁盒式太阳能光伏热水一体墙的理论研究

建立了扁盒式光伏热水一体墙的理论模型,采用由软件生成的合肥地区全年气象数据对其光电光热性能和室内得热量进行数值模拟.计算结果表明,系统的光热效率一般在40%以上,光电效率一般在11%以上,与常规混凝土墙体相比,扁盒式光伏热水一体墙不仅有很好的热电收益,同时由于改变了建筑围护结构的性质,很好地改善了室内热环境,尤其在夏季和冬季,大大降低了空调负荷,起到了很好的建筑节能效果.     

太阳能高效集热智能跟踪控制系统研究

研究设计了一种太阳能空气采暖自动控制系统.该系统以AT89C52单片机为核心,具有叶片集热板自动跟踪功能控制、冬夏季功能转换和主被动功能转换,并可根据需要设定系统运行参数,系统在天气变化比较复杂的情况下能够遵循设定模式正常工作,有效地提高太阳能的利用效率.     

高原地区太阳能热水系统开发利用探析

通过与青海华园新能源应用技术开发有限公司的合作,为核工业"221局"西宁管理处居民小区研发一种配备辅助热源的太阳能热水系统,通过大面积太阳能集热器采集热水,为其提供集热洗浴一体化的全方位热水供应.系统工作原理、实施方案及节能效益得以分析,可高效、安全、环保、节能实现全天候自动运行,以便满足生态节能建筑发展的需要.     

非直膨式太阳能水源热泵地板辐射采暖实验系统研究

为解决太阳能供热系统间歇性和不稳定性的问题,对以水源热泵作为辅助热源,以热管式真空管太阳能集热系统为主要热源形式,以地板辐射采暖系统为末端装置的太阳能-水源复合热泵地板辐射供暖系统进行研究。分析该系统在不同工况运行原理的前提下,建立系统性能系数的数学模型。分析了集热器进出口温度、水箱平均温度、地板采暖系统进出口温度和热泵蒸发温度对系统供热性能的影响。提出此系统的运行策略和控制方案,为该系统的设计和运行控制提供了依据。     

太原地区太阳能耦合空气源热泵一体化热水系统性能分析

为解决太阳能热水系统占地大、供热水稳定性差、空气源热泵冬季易结霜、能效比较低的问题,提出太阳能/空气能蒸发集热器并构建其热泵热水系统.建立该系统的TRNSYS模型,分别研究太原地区的夏季和冬季工况的系统制热性能参数变化情况.研究结果表明:在夏季高温太阳辐射照度大典型工况下,该系统平均制热性能系数(COP)值为6.026,较空气源热泵热水系统提高44.16%;在冬季低温高湿易结霜典型工况下,该系统平均COP值为3.25,较空气源热泵热水系统提高6.56%.     

公共建筑太阳能热水系统运行效益考察及分析

以大型公共建筑示范项目为研究对象,通过测评、计算得出调查对象太阳能热水系统的年节约费用、静态投资回收期、环保效益和全年太阳能保证率.结果表明:太阳能热水系统的使用率在所有项目中比率最高,应用广泛,使用份额大;调查对象的年平均节约费用为21.91万元,平均静态投资回收期为3.47 a,经济效益良好,且太阳能保证率平均值接近50%,符合国标要求.相对于使用化石燃料生产热水,太阳能可大幅减少对环境的污染,环保效益显著.     

不同方位角上太阳能集热器最佳倾角的确定

综合考虑太阳辐射量和热负荷的变化,以福州地区为例,分别以年最大得热量和年需最小辅助加热量为目标,计算得到不同方位角所对应的集热器最佳倾角.结果表明,正南朝向下,相较于以年最大得热量为目标确定的集热器最佳倾角,以年需最小辅助加热量为目标确定的集热器最佳倾角可节约11.7%的辅助加热量.方位角对集热器最佳倾角也有较大影响.当方位角的绝对值较大时,应采用较小的集热器倾角.     

集中供热热管太阳能集热器系统的研究

在原有铜铝复合板的基础上,试制了一种适合多层建筑的集中供热太阳能供热系统,克服了原有的平板式及真空管式集热系统的易炸管?易冻?易结垢?单管损坏后整个系统失效等问题.利用集热板价格低的特点,结合多层建筑,充分利用楼层的集热面积,集体安装,其结构体现了集中供热的特点,其热量可以互为补充.     

流场与温度场耦合作用下对传统蒙古包建筑外表面对流换热的影响

为了研究室外空气温度、风速风向和太阳辐射耦合作用对供暖期传统蒙古包建筑外表面对流换热的影响。通过采用风速仪以及遮阳与非遮阳两套系统分别对建筑外表面进行了测试。研究了室外空气温度、风速风向以及太阳辐射对建筑外表面对流换热的影响规律。实验结果表明:遮阳系统可以有效地降低太阳辐射,进而减小建筑外表面的对流换热量;同时可以看出,建筑外表面对流换热系数与当地风速呈现指数关系,对流换热系数随风速的增大而增大。研究可以为内蒙古地区传统蒙古包建筑的能耗分析,以及模拟地区风环境和热环境的边界条件提供依据。     

多层建筑太阳能热水系统的设计

能源和环境是制约国民经济持续增长和人民生活质量稳步提高的主要问题之一 ,新能源的开发和利用是解决上述问题的重要途径 ,其中太阳能作为一种新型能源应用非常广泛 ,但目前在我国太阳能的利用集中在小型家用热水系统上 ,已经不能够满足发展的需要 笔者结合镇江市“阳光世纪花园”住宅太阳能热水系统的设计 ,论述了多层建筑太阳能热水系统的工作原理和设计方法 ,提出了多层建筑太阳能热水系统设计的一般思路 ,为新型舒适性住宅采用节能型热水系统提供了设计的基础依据     

太阳能燃气集成供热系统设计探讨

介绍了太阳能燃气集成供热系统的特点,详细阐述了太阳能燃气集成生活热水系统和太阳能燃气集成洗浴采暖系统的原理和结构,通过对这两种供热系统的经济性和环境效益进行了分析,提出了设计太阳能燃气集成供热系统应该注意的问题。