The evidence for the evolution of interplanetary small flux ropes: Boundary layers

We have examined the Wind data in 1996 and identified 21 small interplanetary magnetic flux ropes(SIMFRs),and all the 21 SIMFRs have boundary layer structures.The durations of the boundary layers varied from several minutes to 30 minutes.These boundary layers also have properties of high proton temperature,density,and plasma beta.These boundary layers are formed by magnetic reconnections.In addition,in three events magnetic reconnections were occurring inside the boundary layers.It indicates that the flux rope structures have propagated for some period of time,and their boundaries were still evolving through interaction with the background solar wind.Namely it is very possible that the SIMFRs came from the solar corona.     

Identification of molecular-cloud material in interplanetary dust particles

Interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) collected in the Earth's stratosphere and meteorites are fragments of comets and asteroids. These are 'primitive' meteorites in part because they have preserved materials which predate the formation of the Solar System. The most primitive (least altered) meteorites contain a few parts per million of micrometre-sized dust which formed in the atmospheres of giant stars. Some meteorites have elevated D/H and 15N/14N ratios that are attributed to surviving interstellar organic molecules which have probably been strongly diluted and altered by parent-body processes. Most IDPs are chemically, mineralogically, and texturally primitive in comparison to meteorites. Here I show that H and N isotopic anomalies among fragile 'cluster' IDPs are far larger, more common, and less equilibrated than those previously observed in other IDPs or meteorites. In some cases, the D/H ratios that we measure reach the values of interstellar molecules, suggesting that molecular-cloud material has survived intact. These observations indicate that cluster IDPs are the most primitive class of Solar System materials currently available for laboratory analysis.     

公共建筑光伏系统太阳能利用潜力评价

面对不断增长的能源需求及减少碳排放的双重挑战,提高城市可再生能源利用率,降低建筑能耗,发展光伏建筑一体化应用,实现建筑与新能源产业的融合发展显得非常重要.本研究选取包商银行公共建筑光伏系统,依据内蒙古包头市独特的气候特征,利用Ecotect求取典型建筑表面全年太阳辐射模型,基于最优系统配置方式,从高峰期能源潜力、经济潜力、社会潜力3个维度构建了光伏建筑太阳能利用潜力评价模型,对包商银行光伏系统太阳能利用潜力进行评价.研究结果表明:在极端气候期间,包商银行光伏系统以总电力需求的12.5％来缓解高峰期当地电网的压力,将用能高峰延迟了2 h;光伏系统25 a生命周期净收益104.66万元,基于光伏系统单位造价为7.9元/W,上网电价0.8元/kWh的情况下,系统投资可在5.15 a内收回,且单位造价、政府补贴与投资回收期之间具有三维耦合关系;光伏系统寿命期内的环境效益为0.096元/kWh,社会效益为11.93元/kWh.此评价模型为城市中光伏建筑的推广及光伏产业政策的制定提供借鉴.     

Responses of the magnetotail plasma sheet to two interplanetary shocks: TC-1 observations

Two interplanetary shocks are examined to determine the responses of the magnetic field and plasma in the plasma sheet upon the shock impacts by using TC-1 observational data.The two shocks are observed by WIND on November 7,2004.Prior to and after the shock,the IMF is either weakly southward or northward.The responses of the plasma sheet to the two shocks are intense and much similar.When the shock interacts with the magnetosphere,the magnetic field impulsively increases 1-2 min after the geomagnetic field...     

太阳系起源双螺旋星云复合成因说

银河系旋涡星云在旋转运动中，外旋带产生了次级原始太阳螺旋星云。原始太阳星云在旋转中产生物质分异，并有重物质向核部集中现象，当核部质量接近一个太阳质量时，遇超新星或类星体的强大压力或有物质参与而使原始太阳星云中核部收缩、集中、点火而具有核反应能发光的太阳。星云旋臂中的物质也成大小不等的原始星子。太阳产生了引力、磁力，又有太阳辐射，它们与旋臂扭动相反，二者呈双螺旋反向扭动复合，使星子集中并按轨道形成了各大行星。这一过程亦是星系的繁殖过程。     

Numerical study of magnetic reconnection process near interplanetary current sheet

The third order accurate upwind compact difference scheme has been applied to the numerical study of the magnetic reconnection process possibly occurring near the interplanetary current sheet, under the framework of the two-dimensional compressible magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). Our results here show that the driven reconnection near the current sheet can occur within 10—30 min for the interplanetary high magnetic Reynolds number, R_M =2 000—10 000, the stable magnetic reconnection structure can be formed in hour-order of magnitude, and there are some ba- sic properties such as the multiple X-line reconnections, vortical velocity structures, filament current systems, splitting and collapse of the high-density plasma bulk. These results are helpful in understanding and identifying the magnetic reconnection phenomena near the interplanetary current sheets.