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出行者博弈、网络结构与城市交通系统复杂性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
首先从复杂性科学谈起,阐述了复杂性科学与复杂网络之间的内在联系,并对复杂网络的发展历程以及城市交通系统复杂性的研究意义进行了系统的分析。通过对复杂网络理论在城市交通系统中几个典型应用的归类分析,指出了当前研究的不足。并结合出行者博弈、网络结构以及城市交通系统所具有特征,给出了今后关于城市交通系统复杂性问题的几个研究主题。 相似文献
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现代化战争的复杂性 总被引:6,自引:4,他引:6
战争系统是典型的复杂巨系统之一,对战争系统的研究是系统科学研究的一个重要分支。文章结合系统科学、复杂性科学和军事科学的知识,对现代化战争的复杂性进行了研究。首先阐述了现代化战争的概念以及特点,综述了国内外对系统复杂性研究的状况,然后从相互作用、战争手段的多样性以及不确定性三个方面对现代化战争复杂性的产生原因进行了探讨,并分析了现代化战争复杂性的三个重要表现形式,即非线性、涌现性和流动性。最后指出:复杂性给研究战争带来了很大的困难,也提供了崭新的视角;现代化战争复杂性的研究是一个复杂的过程,复杂适应系统理论和从定性到定量的综合集成方法都对我们具有重要的作用。 相似文献
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文化是人类社会的一种分系统,具有复杂巨系统的所有共性:开放性,巨型性,内在异质性,非线性,动态性,不确定性,以及这些特性整合起来所涌现的复杂性。文化不是物质性存在,而是信息性、意识性的存在,即观念形态的存在,具有观念形态特有的复杂性。本文以系统论的观点对文化作一纲要式的论述,同时考察文化系统的特殊复杂性。 相似文献
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文化是人类社会的一种分系统,具有复杂巨系统的所有共性:开放性,巨型性,内在异质性,非线性,动态性,不确定性,以及这些特性整合起来所涌现的复杂性。文化的特点又在于它并非物质性的存在,而是信息性、意识性的存在,即观念形态的存在,具有观念形态特有的复杂性。本文以系统论的观点对文化作一纲要式的论述,同时考察文化系统的特殊复杂性。 相似文献
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文化是人类社会的一种分系统,具有复杂巨系统的所有共性:开放性,巨型性,内在异质性,非线性,动态性,不确定性,以及这些特性整合起来所涌现的复杂性。文化的特点又在于它并非物质性的存在,而是信息性、意识性的存在,即观念形态的存在,具有观念形态特有的复杂性。本文以系统论的观点对文化作一纲要式的论述,同时考察文化系统的特殊复杂性。 相似文献
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文化是人类社会的一种分系统,具有复杂巨系统的所有共性:开放性,巨型性,内在异质性,非线性,动态性,不确定性,以及这些特性整合起来所涌现的复杂性。文化的特点又在于它并非物质性的存在,而是信息性、意识性的存在,即观念形态的存在,具有观念形态特有的复杂性。本文以系统论的观点对文化作一纲要式的论述,同时考察文化系统的特殊复杂性。 相似文献
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复杂性技术系统的类型:一、构成复杂性:1.组分复杂性2.类别复杂性;二、结构复杂性:1.组织复杂性2.层次复杂性;三、功能复杂性:1.操作复杂性2.规则复杂性。基于以上认识,探索减少技术复杂性的设计方法进而降低伴生复杂性的可能风险。 相似文献
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本研究基于上层梯队理论、认知理论和知识结构视角,构建了从搜寻知识到创造知识的系统动力学模型,通过量化战略构想、创新搜寻和技术创新能力之间的关系,发现了技术创新能力的演化路径和跃迁途径. 第一,技术创新能力沿着“吸收能力主导-吸收、集成能力为主-吸收、集成和原创能力高水平均衡发展”的路径重构升级; 第二,维持在20%~50%之间的战略构想复杂度是促进技术创新能力演化路径跃迁的重要途径. 本文的发现一方面可以弥补现有实证研究在技术创新能力重构升级途径方面的不足,另一方面可以丰富系统动力学在创新管理领域的应用范围. 相似文献
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<正>A formal policy development framework,based on a system of systems(SoS) approach,is synthesized to systematically address,in an integrative and adaptive fashion,major global challenges, such as the current food and financial crises,and their interactions with other key natural,societal,and technological systems.A SoS approach seeks to respect the different value systems of multiple participants,to harness complexity through effective integration,and to engage the world of uncertainty and unpredictability with an adaptive response.Faced with the present global challenges, what is needed are strategic and operational methods which lead to ethical policies,enhance integrative and adaptive management practices,and are able to direct conflict resolution in a positive direction. Policy makers need tools to model and analyze complex systems which they are trying to responsibly govern,taking into account values and risks to design and evaluate different policies.A preliminary investigation into the global food system is undertaken to understand the SoS and to provide insights on how to carry out policy development using the proposed framework. 相似文献
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Alexander Y. Klimenko 《系统科学与系统工程学报(英文版)》2014,23(2):128-152
This paper investigates the existence of a fundamental link between two disciplines that emerged during last few decades: complexity science and advanced engineering. During this time many industries, especially those related to the high-tech end of technological development, have faced the problem of increasing complexity of design, production and operation. Industrial projects have grown to become multidisciplinary, tightly interconnected, costly and difficult to control and predict. Two trends can be identified in this respect: one is the consistent effort of systems engineering in reducing the uncertainties of complex industrial operations and the other is the effort undertaken in complexity studies to account for uncertainties present in the real world.
In this work, we provide a brief overview of recent developments in advanced engineering and give a consistent interpretation of technological evolution from the perspective of complexity science in general and complex competitive systems (CCS) in particular. CCS is a general framework that was recently developed for analysis of complex systems involving competition. Transitivity of the decision-making process and the cyclic nature of technological progress are considered. Correctness of intransitive decisions is inherently relativistic: the same decisions can be seen as correct or incorrect when considered from different perspectives. When treated simplistically, intransitivity may seem to be illogical but, nevertheless, it is common in nature and needs to be studied. CCS provides a formalised scientific framework for analysis of intransitivity and establishes the existence of an important connection linking complexity and uncertainty with intransitivity. Implications of intransitivity for engineering decision-making and strategic planning are considered in the context of CCS. A working example of intransitivity in competition between major car mantifacturers is presented. 相似文献
In this work, we provide a brief overview of recent developments in advanced engineering and give a consistent interpretation of technological evolution from the perspective of complexity science in general and complex competitive systems (CCS) in particular. CCS is a general framework that was recently developed for analysis of complex systems involving competition. Transitivity of the decision-making process and the cyclic nature of technological progress are considered. Correctness of intransitive decisions is inherently relativistic: the same decisions can be seen as correct or incorrect when considered from different perspectives. When treated simplistically, intransitivity may seem to be illogical but, nevertheless, it is common in nature and needs to be studied. CCS provides a formalised scientific framework for analysis of intransitivity and establishes the existence of an important connection linking complexity and uncertainty with intransitivity. Implications of intransitivity for engineering decision-making and strategic planning are considered in the context of CCS. A working example of intransitivity in competition between major car mantifacturers is presented. 相似文献
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系统的复杂性测度叫做复杂度,然而目前却没有适用所有复杂性的通用测度方法,通常都从某个角度或参数来衡量一个系统的复杂性。现在研究比较成熟的有结构复杂性、计算复杂性、描述复杂性、有效复杂性等几种测度,并用这几种复杂性测度来衡量复杂性到底有多复杂。 相似文献
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物理复杂性在系统的复杂性层次中具有基础地位。基于对物理结构认识的复杂性概念在所有本体论意义上的复杂性概念中具有更为基础的意义,综述了结构复杂性的一般涵义和两个狭义结构复杂性概念——树的多样性和标度动力学复杂性及其哲学意义。 相似文献
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将隐性与显形知识、创造力与创新力以及相关技能等因素合并为人才集合(简称人才),研究与开发经费以及设施与设备等硬件投资合并为资金集合(简称资金),作为技术跨越系统构成的关键因素。运用系统分析方法,结合实际案例对技术跨越系统状态与发展进行理论与实证分析,力图探索技术跨越系统发展的一般规律。 相似文献
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城市、分形与空间复杂性探索 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4
首先阐明空间复杂性的来龙去脉,包括复杂系统与复杂性的关系,空间复杂性与自组织临界性的等价性等。其次论证分形是刻画空间复杂性的有效工具:由于城市系统是一种具有分形性质的复杂空间系统,而分雏则是联系复杂性度量的重要参量,借助分形思想探索城市地理系统的复杂性和奇异性顺理成章。最后阐述城市系统空间复杂性的临界判据和研究方法。3大判据(分形结构、1/f噪声和位序-规模分布)对应着城市系统的3类空间结构,空间复杂性和复杂化研究必须将数学模式、理论探讨和模拟实验乃至计算方法有效结合才能取得实质性的理论进展。 相似文献