Seasonal changes of circadian rhythms of human birth in northern Finland

Zusammenfassung Die Verteilung der Geburten im finnischen Lappland auf die Tagesstunden zeigt eine jahreszeitliche Schwankung der Phasenlage in der Geburtenrhythmik. Zur Mittwinterzeit fallen die meisten Geburten in die Zeit von 08.00 bis 20.00 Uhr, während sie in den anderen Jahreszeiten auf die Nacht und den Vormittag fallen.

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Supported by a grant from the National Research Council for Sciences (Finland).     

Discovery of novel avermectins with unprecedented insecticidal activity

Summary A new class of insecticidal and antiparasitic agents, 4-amino-4-deoxy avermectins, has been developed by chemical modification of avermectin B₁. The most effective of these compounds are 1500-fold more potent than avermectin B₁ (abamectin) against the beet armywormSpodoptera exigua and show similar potency against other lepidopteran larvae.     

Spontaneous maze ambulation in two mouse strains

Summary A simple device is described, which permits us to quantify several parameters of spontaneous behaviour of small animals. Using this device with mice we obtained statistically satisfactory results, showing a strong genetic influence on the behavioural characteristics tested.We wish to thank Mr R. Laplace for technical help, Mr J. P. Arnould for electronic work as well as I.N.S.E.R.M.-SCR 3.     

Free amino acid pool in strains ofShigellae

Zusammenfassung Die Zusammensetzung des «Satzes» (pool) freier Aminosäuren in drei in ihrem Stoffwechsel verschiedene Arten von Shigella,Sh. flexneri 2a, Sh. flexneri 1a undSh. dysenteriae 6, die in verschiedenen Medien wuchsen, wurde untersucht. WährendMizuno et al. den Satz von Aminosäuren ausser Glutaminsäure, Asparagin und Alanin in den von ihnen untersuchten Shigellaarten für unwichtig hielten, wurde in unserer Untersuchung in dem Ansatz freier Aminosäuren der Shigellaarten eine Anzahl von anderen Aminosäuren charakteristisch gefunden. Die Zusammensetzung des «Aminosäuresatzes» war bei den verschiedenen Medien, in denen die Zellen wuchsen, unterschiedlich; doch konnten qualitative Unterschiede bei den drei Spezies, die im selben Medium wuchsen, nicht festgestellt werden.     

Genotype dependence of monoamine oxidase in inbred strains of mice

Summary MAO activity was found to be influenced by the genotype or strain of mouse up to 20 days of age. The strain differences observed may derive from different rates of brain development. A number of neurological mutations comprizing three pathological classes had no effect on MAO.This work was supported in part by NIH grant No. NS06448 from the National Institute of Neurological Disease and Stroke.     

Induction of phycoerythrin in Anabaena ambigua Rao and its strains

Summary Phycoerythrin was not present in Anabaena ambigua Rao, and in its strains, Lh- and Ha-forms under normal culture conditions, but it developed in parent and Lh-form when treated with green light and nitrate. However, Ha-form appeared to be unable to form phycoerythrin.My thanks are due to Atomic Energy Commission, India, for the financial assistance.     

The Discovery of the Vector Representation of Moments and Angular Velocity

(Received August 20, 2001)     

Arylsulfatase B synthesis and clearance in inbred mouse strains

Arylsulfatase B activity levels were approximately 2-3-fold higher in adult C57BL/6J liver and kidney compared to corresponding tissues from A/J inbred mice. In vivo incorporation of tritiated leucine into C57BL/6J hepatic arylsulfatase B reached a maximum approximately 15 h after injection. The label was cleared from C57BL/6J arylsulfatase B with an apparent half-life of 36 h. The relative rates of synthesis of C57BL/6J and A/J arylsulfatase B were similar; however, the A/J enzyme was cleared more rapidly from liver tissue. C57BL/6J kidney arylsulfatase B appeared to be synthesized at a 2-3-fold higher rate than the corresponding A/J enzyme. These trends suggest genetic regulation of arylsulfatase B is effected through different means in liver and kidney from adult mice of these two inbred strains.     

Effects of chloroiodoquine and lethal doses in various mouse strains]

Chloroiodoquine has been implied in numerous cases of myeloneuropathy in Japan, while in other countries although equally frequently used, only a few cases have been reported after treatment with this drug. Studies on the effect of chloroiodoquine in mice of various inbred strains or from crossings between sensitive and insensitive strains demonstrated a genetic predisposition of sensitivity to chloroiodoquine.     

燕山中元古界大红峪组微生物席碎片的发现及初步研究

元古代碳酸盐岩沉积孕育了大量与微生物活动有关的沉积构造,但是对于相同时期的碎屑岩沉积环境中微生物引起的沉积构造的研究却很少。在元古代碎屑岩沉积环境中发现的最常晃的与微生物活动有关的沉积构造是皱饰构造和变余波痕,前人研究结果已经证明它们为微生物引起的沉积构造。在华北地台中元古界长城系大红峪组砂岩层面上发育一些与变余波痕和皱饰构造共生的一种特殊的沉积现象,即纺锤状砂质碎片。通过研究证实这些砂质碎片是微生物与物理营力相互作用形成的,也就是微生物席碎片。其发现有益于以后对类似沉积构造的研究;也有助于认识和了解中元古代生物群演化、古生命环境。     

Effects of ethidium bromide in diploid and duplication strains of Aspergillus nidulans

Summary Unstable duplication and diploid strains of Aspergillus nidulans were treated with ethidium bromide, and it was shown that this drug reduces the number of sectors produced by such strains. The mechanisms which could be responsible for the partial stabilization of the strains are discussed and it is suggested that a similar mechanism is responsible for the production of sectors in both strains. It is also suggested that ethidium bromide could be useful for the reduction of instability of industrial strains.Acknowledgment. The authors are thankful to the National Council for the Development of Science and Technology (CNPq) for financial assistance.     

Substrate induced alterations in tryptophan pyrrolase activity in two mouse strains

Summary Total hepatic L-tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase activity was studied in 2 mouse strains receiving i.p. injections of L-tryptophan. After a single injection, enzyme activity was increased in albino but not pigmented mice. After 3 injections, enzyme activity was reduced in both strains. This work was partially supported by grant No. 3726-22 from the Office of Research and Sponsored Programs, Wichita State University.     

Sea water consumption by two strains of mice

Résumé Deux espèces de souris (IHB et A) vécurent 1 an avec un régime d'eau de mer ad libitum et d'aliments secs. La haute osmolarité urinaire, la capacité élevée de concentrer le sodium et l'absence de diarrhée furent des facteurs qui leur permirent de supporter ce régime expérimental.

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This study was supported by grants No. AM 07257-03 and No. NB 01147-09 from the U.S. Public Health Service.

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NIH Medical Study Research Fellow.