血友病B基因治疗研究

血友病Ｂ是一种由于人凝血因子Ⅸ (ｈＦＩＸ)缺陷导致的严重出血性遗传疾病 ,临床治疗主要依靠输血或凝血酶原复合物 ,但这些常规的替代治疗不仅费用昂贵 ,易引起输血反应 ,更可能感染肝炎病毒或爱滋病病毒 .理论上 ,只有基因治疗可望从根本上治疗血友病Ｂ .本研究先后建立反转录病毒基因转移系统 ,高效转染小鼠、大鼠、兔和血友病Ｂ患者皮肤成纤维细胞等不同细胞 ,尤其是人ＦＩＸ在骨髓基质细胞的表达在国际同类研究中是首次报道 .人ＦＩＸ在兔体内表达水平和持续时间在同类研究中居世界领先水平 ;在国内首先建立了有关基因治疗的安全性检…     

凝血因子Ⅸ基因剔除小鼠遗传稳定性及其临床表型研究

通过对凝血因子Ⅸ基因剔除小鼠遗传稳定性及其相应临床表型的研究,为以该动物模型为研究对象的血友病Ｂ基因治疗提供相应背景资料,遗传分析表明,该小鼠繁殖过程中无回复突变出现,亦未发现Ⅸ因子基因未敲除部分被转录的证据;血浆ＰＴ,ＫＰＴＴ和Ⅸ因子活性检定结果提示该小鼠符合人血友病Ｂ相应临床表征。     

成纤维细胞静脉注射途径实施血友病B基因治疗的初步探索

将转有报告基因ｌａｃＺ的成纤维细胞３Ｔ３／ＢＡＧ以５×１０＾５量尾静脉注射到Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠体内，７ｄ后在主要脏器检测到３ＴＥ／ＢＡＧ的表达且至少可持续３０ｄ。将转有人凝血因子Ⅸ小基因的正向表达载体Ｇ１ＮａＣｉ’Ⅸ和反向表达载体Ｇ１ＮａＣｉ’ⅨＲ的成纤维细胞ＰＡ３１７／Ｇ１ＮａＣｉ’Ⅸ和ＰＡ３１７／Ｇ１ＮａＣｉ’ⅨＲ分别以１×１０＾５量尾静脉注射到Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠体内，ＥＬＩＳＡ测定小鼠血浆中ｈＦ     

肿瘤基因治疗的临床应用

基因治疗方法是通过基因转导技术赋于靶细胞一种新的功能或改变靶细胞某些基因的表达状况。目前基因治疗的疾病主要包括遗传性疾病、免疫缺陷病、肿瘤等。1991年12月在复旦大学遗传学研究所进行了国际上首例血友病的基因治疗。两位由于凝血因子Ⅸ缺乏而患有血友病B的患者被重新植入了大量转移有正常Ⅸ因子基因的自身皮肤成纤维细胞,结果病人体内Ⅸ因子含量都成倍上升,取得较好疗效。1990年9月,美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)用基因疗法治疗了一位由于体内腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)缺乏而患者严重联合性免疫缺陷的病人,他们将转移有正常ADA基因的患者自身淋巴细胞体外培养后重新大量输回病人体内,实验结果令人鼓舞。目前基因治疗已应用于很多种疾病。 肿瘤的基因治疗始于九十年代。1990年美国NIH首次对一位晚期恶性黑色素瘤病人进行了基因转导的肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞(TIL)     

不同重组慢病毒介导人凝血因子Ⅸ cDNA在血友病B小鼠中表达的影响

血友病B是凝血因子Ⅸ(hFⅨ)缺乏所导致的严重凝血功能障碍、X-连锁隐性遗传性疾病,在男性中的发病率为三万分之一．目前没有理想的治疗措施,而基因治疗可能是根治该病的安全、有效方法．该实验构建了ubiquitin—c和ABP(肝特异性)启动子指导hFⅨ表达的载体FUXW、FAXW,利用磷酸钙法共转染三质粒制备高滴度的重组慢病毒．将不同剂量的重组FUXW、FAXW病毒,分别用尾静脉液压法和静脉缓注法注射入血友病B小鼠体内,各治疗组小鼠血浆均可持续检测到hFⅨ抗原,最高峰值为45ng／mL,表达持续超过60d．结果表明：hFⅨ蛋白的表达与病毒的剂量成正相关,重组FAXW病毒的hFⅨ表达量高于重组FUXW病毒,而尾静脉液压组和静脉缓注组在表达量、表达时间上没有显著差异．     

凝血因子IX的体外检测方法研究

凝血因子ＩＸ的检测是血友病Ｂ基因治疗研究中的重要工作，在实验室原有基础上，发现和完善了凝血因子ＩＸ在蛋白质水平上的检测系统，为基因治疗血友病Ｂ提供了更为直观可靠的依据。首先，建立了以鼠抗人ＦＩＸ单克隆抗体Ａ－７为一抗的检测活性ＦＩＸ蛋白量的ＥＬＩＳＡ法，为检测活性ＦＩＸ提供了快速简便的方法。其次，实现了用Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ法检测转染细胞培养液上清中ＦＩＸ，确证了体外培养的转有人ＦＩＸｃＤＮＡ细     

以组织工程技术构建活性双层人工皮肤

用冷冻干燥胶原凝胶方法制备胶原海绵,经戊二醛交联处理,作为活性双层人工皮肤的支架;以幼儿包皮为细胞来源获得真皮成纤维细胞和皮肤角质细胞,体外扩增后作为种子细胞;在胶原海绵上接种成纤维细胞和角质细胞,体外构建活性双层人工皮肤。研究结果表明,人工真皮内的成纤维细胞生长良好,并且有人纤粘连蛋白类生物活性物质存在,活性双层人工皮肤表皮层有类似干天然皮肤表皮层的组织结构。     

两种不同方法制备普通冰冻血浆的质量对比研究

探讨两种方法制备普通冰冻血浆的质量差异。采集100袋（200ml／袋）ACD-B保存的全血,随机均分为两个实验组。第一组在采血24h内离心分离血浆制备成普通冰冻血浆（I型普浆）,置于-30℃低温冰箱冰冻保存30d;第二组在采血6h内离心分离制备成新鲜冰冻血浆,置于-30℃低温冰箱冰冻保存7d,用4℃冷藏箱法制备冷沉淀,分离出的普通冰冻血浆（Ⅱ型普浆）,置于-30℃保存23d。两组保存30d后,取出各组血浆于37℃水浴融化后检测凝血因子Ⅱ（FⅡ）,凝血因子Ⅴ（FⅤ）,凝血因子Ⅶ（FⅦ）,凝血因子Ⅷ（FⅧ）,凝血因子Ⅸ（FⅨ）,凝血因子X（FX）活性（％）和纤维蛋白原（Fib）含量（g／L）。结果表明Ⅰ型普浆的FⅡ,FⅤ,FⅦ,FⅧ,FⅩ和Fib的活性水平明显高于Ⅱ型普浆（P〈0．01）;而FⅨ的活性水平无显著改变（P〉0．05）。Ⅱ型普浆低于Ⅰ型普浆的质量,但其仍有较高的凝血因子水平,除非需大剂量补充凝血因子的特殊患者外,也可以部分代替新鲜冰冻血浆补充凝血因子。但其制备工艺有待改进和优化,以降低凝血因子的损失,提高其普通冰冻血浆的质量。     

婴幼儿血友病患者口腔颌面部外伤出血的治疗体会

血友病是先天性凝血因子Ⅷ（或Ⅸ）缺乏的一组性遗传性疾病。其特点是轻微损伤有出血不止的倾向。我们近７年共收治５例患儿（血友病Ａ４例,Ｂ１例）,其中上前牙牙龈出血２例,下唇出血１例,额部及舌部出血各１例,其中１例曾两次出血住院治疗。１典型病例报告李某,男,４岁。因不慎撞于桌缘致下唇一２ｃｍ长伤口。在当地医院缝合后仍出血不止,故急诊来我院。追溯曾有外伤出血住院,诊断为“血友病Ｂ”之病史,即在原缝合伤口处置少许明胶海绵,其上置碘纺纱条贯穿原伤口穿缝线三根留长线置磺纺纱条反包扎加压固定,口外用十字绷带加压…     

转基因动物乳腺生物反应器研究

以转基因动物的乳腺组织即乳腺生物反应器生产药用蛋白 ,是近年来生物技术领域发展的重要方向 .利用转基因动物的乳腺组织能够生产出具有完全生物活性的药用蛋白 ,纯化简单 ,投资少 ,成本低 ,对环境没有任何污染 ,可以获得巨额经济效益 .人凝血因子Ⅸ是治疗血友病Ｂ的特异药用蛋白 ,我们和上海市医学遗传学研究所合作 ,在上海市科委资助下 ,开展了ｈＦＩＸ在转基因动物乳腺中特异表达研究 ,构建乳腺特异表达的ｈＦＩＸ载体和表达系统 ,通过显微注射制备乳腺特异表达ＦＩＸ的转基因小鼠和羊 ,在转基因奶山羊中检测到人凝血因子Ⅸ的表达 ;促血…     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the