从发展循环经济看创新精神

从世界范围看,经济发展模式大致有三种类型,一是“资源——产品——污染排放”,二是“先污染,后治理”,三是“资源——产品——再生资源”,即循环经济模式。其中,循环经济模式强调资源的利用效率和保护,注重以最小的成本获得最大的经济效益和环境效益,使经济发展的社会成本大大降低,非常符合节约型社会的要求。由于循环经济对科技、经济发展水平要求比较高,欧美、日本等发达国家一直在这一领域占据重要地位,从上个世纪后期开始就已取得良好的成效。     

政府在循环经济发展中的职能定位

循环经济是一种新型经济发展模式,是一种以资源的高效利用和循环利用为核心,以“减量化、再利用、资源化”为原则,以低消耗、低排放、高效率为基本特征,是符合可持续发展理念的经济增长模式。国外发达国家发展循环经济的经验教训表明,政府在循环经济发展中充当着主导的角色,政府担负着树立循环经济理念,保证循环经济制度供给的责任。应结合中国国情,构建中国特色的循环经济体系。     

日本、德国发展循环经济的考察与启示

自美国经济学家K·波尔丁提出“宇宙飞船经济理论”以来，循环经济的实践就已在世界各国展开，特别是许多发达国家已公认发展循环经济、建立循环型社会是实施经济社会可持续发展战略的重要途径和实现方式。循环经济不仅要求技术层面上的资源利用创新，还表现为一种发展模式的变革，因而被众多发达国家确定为国家的发展战略。在西方发展循环经济的模式中，有两种模式比较受关注：日本模式和德国模式。     

国家发改委确定:循环经济三大试点行业

所谓循环经济(recycleeconomy)，即在经济发展中，遵循生态学规律，将清洁生产、资源综合利用、生态设计和可持续消费等融为一体，实现废物减量化、资源化和无害化，使经济系统和自然生态系统的物质和谐循环，维护自然生态平衡。其中，废物处理的3R原则，即减量化(reduce)、再使用(reuse)和再循环(recycle)，也被称为是循环经济的基本行为原则。同时，循环经济也称为资源闭环利用型经济，是一个资源一生产一产品一消费一废弃物再资源化的清洁闭环流动模式，是运用生态学规律来指导人类社会经济活动的模式。相对于西方发达国家，目前我国的循环经济开展还属于起步阶段，相关政策也还处于制定当中。为推动循环经济，本刊组织了一组文章，以飨读者。     

国内外循环经济发展状况研究

循环经济是按照生态规律，以环境友好的方式利用资源，保护环境和发展经济，以最小的代价和最高的效益实现经济活动的生态化转化，做到物尽其用。循环经济是一种建立在物质不断循环利用基础上的经济发展模式，是一个“资源——产品——再生资源——再生产品”的物质往复循环流动过程。所有的资源和能量在这个动态的经济循环链中都会得到合理、科学、持久及最大限度的利用，从而把经济活动对环境的影响降到最低程度。     

我国发展循环经济的必要性和可行性

所谓循环经济,就是把清洁生产和废弃物的综合利用融为一体的经济,其本质是一种生态经济。它要求运用生态学规律来指导人类社会的经济活动,使得经济按照自然生态系统的模式,组成一个“资源——产品——再生资源”的物质反复循环流动的过程,从而建立起在物质不断循环利用基础上的经济发展模式。 随着资源和环境问题的日益突出,人们对传统经济增长模式的缺陷有了深刻的认识。现在许多国家都把可持续发展作为社     

关于湖南省发展循环经济的对策分析

严重的环境问题已经成为制约经济和社会健康发展的重要凶素。如何提高资源的综合利用率，减少废物的排放量，是可持续发展必须解决的重要问题。循环经济作为一种新的经济增长模式，越来越受到各级政府和企业的关注。本文站在湖南省的角度，着重探讨了适应该省循环经济发展的相关对策。     

政府制度构建促进我国循环经济发展研究

循环经济作为一种新的经济发展模式和理念,是转变经济增长方式、建设资源节约和环境友好优质经济的有力工具,发展循环经济离不开政府制度的支撑。结合生态经济学原理和可持续发展理论,分析政府制度构建与循环经济发展理论的内在联系,研究我国政府制度构建对循环经济发展的促进作用,提出几点促进我国循环经济发展政府制度构建的政策建议,为政府职能部门决策提供理论支撑。     

基于循环经济视角的生态农业研究

随着社会的不断发展,生产力的不断提高,物质资源需求的不断增大,对于经济发展模式和生产方式提出了更高的要求。循环经济作为一种新的经济发展模式,对于解决环境污染,生态破坏以及资源的循环利用意义重大。本文将通过解读循环经济,并且将其联系农业发展,在循环经济的视角下对生态农业进行探讨。提出生态农业发展所应该遵循的几点原则和建议。     

循环经济中企业管理理念的转变

循环经济是一种新兴的经济发展模式，也是实施可持续发展战略的重要途径和实现方式。随着循环经济的兴起，必然对现代企业管理理念提出了新的要求。本文探讨了循环经济的内涵、特征及与传统经济的区别，并着重阐明了在循环经济中企业管理理念的转变。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with