硬炭微球的制备及其储锂性能研究

以二乙烯基苯(DVB)为交联剂、偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为模版剂,通过自组装,制备聚苯乙烯微球。经过氧化和高温炭化转换成硬炭微球。考察了硬炭微球作为锂离子负极材料的电化学性能。结果表明硬炭微球的首次放电比容量为505 mA·h/g,40次循环后保持在304 mA·h/g。     

胶晶模板法制备尖晶石型正极材料LiMn2O4

通过聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)胶晶模板法制备尖晶石型LiMn2O4材料,并探讨焙烧温度对材料性能的影响.运用热重分析(TG)、X线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、充放电测试和循环伏安测试等方法对LiMn2O4样品的结构、形貌以及电化学性能进行表征和测试.研究结果表明:在不同温度下制备的LiMn2O4样品均具有较好的尖晶石型结构,且粒径分布均匀:在700℃时制备的LiMn2O4样品(S-700)具有最佳的电化学性能,在3.0～4.4 V时,0.2C倍率首次放电比容量为130.9 mA·h/g; 0.5C倍率首次放电比容量为126.4 mA·h/g,50次循环之后容量仍有102.7 mA·h/g,具有良好的循环稳定性.     

溶胶碳热还原法制备LiFePO4/C及其性能研究

以廉价的Fe3 为铁源,通过溶胶和碳热还原两步法制备出锂离子正极材料LiFePO4,用XRD、SEM、交流阻抗和恒流充放电方法表征了材料的结构、形貌和电化学性能.结果表明,合成的材料具有橄榄石型晶体结构;碳可以抑制材料颗粒的团聚,降低电极反应阻抗;在0.1 C的放电倍率下,LiFePO4首次放电容量为103.3 mA·h/g,LiFePO4/C在放电倍率0.1 C、0.2 C和0.5 C下的首次放电容量分别为147.9 mA·h/g、133.3 mA·h/g和122.1 mA·h/g, 20次循环后容量衰减率分别为3.0 %、2.7%和2.4%.     

纳米Zn2SnO4的水热合成及电化学性能

以SnCl4·5H2O,ZnCl2和N2H4·H2O为原料,用水热法制备Zn2SnO4纳米粉体.利用XRD,TEM和循环伏安等测试手段研究Zn2SnO4材料的结构、形貌及电化学性能.结果表明,当原料配比n(Zn)∶n(Sn)∶n(N2H4.H2O)=2∶1∶8时,180℃下水热合成24 h,得到晶型发育良好的纯相Zn2SnO4纳米材料.其首次放电和充电容量分别为1 634和709.7 mA.h/g,循环30次之后放电容量为483.7 mA.h/g,表现出较好的电化学性能.     

稻壳制备锂离子电池炭负极材料

研究了炭化温度、升温速率以及碱处理浓度对稻壳制备锂离子电池负极材料结构及充放电性能的影响。通过差热热重分析曲线(DT-TGA)、元素分析、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)以及电化学性能测试手段对材料进行了表征。结果表明:在最佳实验条件下,材料首次充电容量为678mA.h/g,首次放电容量为239mA.h/g,循环10次的容量保持率为86.2%。     

钴负载碳气凝胶的制备与电化学性能研究

以聚丙烯腈(PAN),N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和钴盐为前驱体,通过对有机凝胶进行高温碳化得到钴负载碳气凝胶.利用X射线衍射谱(XRD),扫描电镜(SEM),透射电镜(TEM),热重分析(TGA)和充放电测试对钴负载碳气凝胶进行结构、形貌和电化学性能的表征分析.结果表明,碳化温度影响产物的形貌及性能,其中700℃碳化的钴负载碳气凝胶钴颗粒分布最均匀,同时具有最好的电化学性能.在50mA·g^(-1)电流密度下,首次放电比容量高达983.1mAh·g(-1)电流密度下,首次放电比容量高达983.1mAh·g^(-1),经100周循环后,放电比容量仍保持在280.3mAh·g(-1),经100周循环后,放电比容量仍保持在280.3mAh·g^(-1);在500mA·g(-1);在500mA·g^(-1)大电流密度下,该材料放电比容量为105.4mAh·g(-1)大电流密度下,该材料放电比容量为105.4mAh·g^(-1),具有很好的倍率性能.     

不同碳源对LiFePO4／C复合正极材料电化学性能的影响

取不同碳源(蔗糖、葡萄糖、聚乙烯醇)原料,采用两步固相法制备LiFePO4/C复合锂离子电池正极材料,对其进行XRD和电化学性能测试.XRD分析表明,所制产物均为单一相的橄榄石型晶体结构;恒流充放电测试结果显示,覆碳后的LiFePO4/C放电比容量和循环性能均得到明显改善,添加聚乙烯醇的LiFePO4/C首次放电容量达142.9 mA·h·g -1,充放电循环20 周后,其放电容量仍为143.1 mA·h·g-1.     

LiFePO4高温固相合成工艺优化研究

采用正交试验法优化LiFePO4固相反应合成工艺,研究预烧温度、合成温度、保温时间等对锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO4电化学性能的影响.结果表明,预烧温度350 ℃、合成温度650 ℃、保温时间12 h为最佳合成工艺条件.按最佳合成工艺所制样品的首次放电比容量达151.7 mA·h/g,循环充放电30周后,其放电比容量仍为140.9 mA·h/g.     

3V锂离子电池用层状α-Na0.67MnO2.26的电化学性能

以Mn(CH3COO)2·4H2O和Na2CO3为原料,通过sol-gel技术合成前驱体,在600℃焙烧前驱体得到一种新的无水层状α-Na0.67MnO2.26材料.用等离子体光谱、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、恒流充放电和循环伏安(CV)等对产物的结构、组成、形貌及电化学性能进行研究.结果表明:得到的样品为稳定的六方层状P2结构,且颗粒细小;该样品在充放电电流密度为25 mA/g和电压为2.0～4.3 V时,首次充电比容量为188 mA·h/g,第2次放电比容量为176 mA·h/g,充放电库仑效率高达94%;在电压为2.0～4.3 V,电流密度为25,50,125和250 mA/g充放电条件下,其第2次放电比容量分别为176,168,139和110 mA·h/g,40次循环后,其放电比容量分别为150,142,121和105 mA·h/g,显示材料有较好的循环稳定性和大电流充放电性能.     

Li_3Ti_4CrMO_(12)负极材料制备及其电化学性能

基于Li_4Ti_5O_(12)结构,设计双离子取代反应,制备了3种新型锂离子负极材料Li_3Ti_4CrMO_(12)(M=Ni、Ca、Mg),这些取代型负极材料具有与钛酸锂相同的晶体结构.使用球磨、喷雾造粒以及固相合成工艺制备出一次粒子为200~300nm,二次颗粒为多孔球形的新型负极材料Li_3Ti_4CrMO_(12),并对其电化学性能进行了测试.循环充放电试验结果表明,制备的3种材料中,镁铬钛酸锂(Li_3Ti_4CrMgO_(12))具有较高的放电比容量和较好的循环稳定性,0.2C下首次放电比容量达158.6mA·h/g.10次循环后,放电容量为148.1mA·h/g,充电容量为149.1mA·h/g,容量保持率和库伦效率均在99%以上,显示了潜在的应用价值.循环伏安(CV)和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)分析表明,上述优良性能来自于Mg、Cr取代后导致的材料界面电阻的下降.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that