一体化中药粉碎机虚拟装配技术

为获得集中搅拌、筛选和粉碎功能的一体化中药粉碎机的最优装配序列和装配工艺,将虚拟装配(VA)技术应用于该产品的研发中.在系统研究VA技术体系结构及其关键技术的基础上,应用开放式建模方法分析了一体化中药粉碎机及其关键部件的装配层次及装配关系,建立了产品完整的装配模型；应用基于知识的装配序列规划方法优化了产品的装配序列.研究结果表明:VA技术在一体化中药粉碎机研发中的应用缩短了研发时间,确保了产品制造和装配一次成功.     

基于虚拟装配体绑定的产品层次化装配序列生成

装配是产品制造中的重要环节之一.计算机辅助装配顺序的生成为实施快速、灵活、优化的装配,提高装配质量和效率提供有力的支持.任务层次与分解方法的设计是层次任务网规划方法应用的关键技术.文中提出了一种基于虚拟装配体绑定的底层装配操作实施机制,在此基础上建立了产品装配序列生成的任务分解策略.装配实例表明,该方法在产品装配序列生成中具有建模层次清晰、任务分解策略易于制定、装配序列生成比较灵活的特点.     

三维几何约束的序列二次规划求解

在利用特征造型系统建立产品等级装配模型的基础上，给出了装配工艺自动规划的算法．讨论了面向装配设计的两类方法，即基于零件装配特征和装配序列分析的评价方法．     

装配序列规划及其DFA研究

在利用特征造型系统建立产品等级装配模型的基础上，给出了装配工艺自动规划的算法，讨论了面向装配设计的两类方法，即基于零件装配特征和装配序列分析的评价方法。     

基于配合约束图的拆卸建模

分析了虚拟装配和虚拟拆卸的关系,基于装配资源工程语义信息的配合约束图,给出了产品由装配序列规划到拆卸序列规划的转换关系。在此基础上得出拆卸模型的层次图,提出了层次图的基本组成,并给出层次图的邻接距阵,得出虚拟样机的拆卸模型,并应用于虚拟样机液压缸。     

基于产品计算机辅助设计模型的装配序列自动规划

用图论方法研究了装配体中零件的干涉信息和关联信息，利用CATIA(Computer Aided Tharee-Di-mensional Interactive Application)软件平台提供的接口及产品的CAD(Computer Aided Design)模型，建立了自动获取装配序列规划所需关联信息和干涉信息的方法，并用Vistial Basic开发了相应的程序。该程序充分利用CATIA平台上已建立的产品数字样机及检测工具，完成装配干涉的自动检验，从而自动生成了产品的装配序列。实践表明，应用该方法可以大幅度减少或简化装配序列规划所需的大量人工处理，从而提高了装配规划的效率。     

一种新的装配序列规划方法研究

在新的装配序列规划方法中，采用多色集合建立了装配信息模型，把装配约束关系分为定位关系、阻碍拆卸关系和联接关系，建立了装配约束关系方程——定位方程、阻碍拆卸方程和联接关系方程，用数学方程表示零件的装配约束条件，同时提出了求取零件装配序列的算法．与传统的装配序列规划方法相比，基于多色集合理论的装配序列规划方法通过装配约束关系方程，提前排除了不合理的装配序列，因此避免了由约束信息膨胀产生的组合爆炸．     

机械装配设计的关键技术

讨论了装配设计的两类方法，提出了面向装配设计的四条准则。产品设计时考虑这些装配因素将大大提高产品装配性能和生产效率。提出了装配规划的并行评价准则。探讨了基于装配规划序列分析，面向装配的再设计方法。     

机械装配设计的关键技术

讨论了装配设计的两类方法，提出了面向装配设计的四条准则。产品设计时考虑这些装配因素将大大提高产品装配性能和生产效率，提出了装配规划的并行价准则。探讨了基于装配规划序列分析，面向装配的再设计方法。     

一种复合算法的装配序列规划方法

针对复杂产品装配规划的组合爆炸和盲目搜索难题,提出一种复合算法解决装配序列规划问题的方法。复合算法首先采取多色集合形式化推理获取足够数量的可行装配序列,并将可行装配序列作为遗传算法的初始种群;然后,通过遗传算法和蚁群算法将人的模糊知识融入规划过程中求精确解;最后,通过实例验证了复合算法的可行性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.