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北半球冬季大气环流变化对中国汛期雨带类型分布的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
基于1951~2001年1~5月500hPa高度场资料,研究了前期大气环流与中国汛期雨带类型分布的关系.通过分析前期各雨带类型对应的距平合成场和格点样本平均值显著性检验图,以及各雨带类型相应的前期大气环流特征.指出1~2月500hPa层次上,大气环流明显的表现为大尺度分布特征,而3~5月的大尺度分布特征不明显.这表明冬季(1~2月)各雨带类型的显著性关键区的大气环流异常是影响中国汛期雨带类型分布的一个重要因素.从而提出了一些预报线索,可供夏季我国大范围旱涝趋势的长期预报参考. 相似文献
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垂直分辨率对全球降水模拟的影响 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
利用中国科学院大气物理研究所(IAP/CAS)的全球大气环流模式(AGCM)的两个不同版本(9层模式和21层模式),对冬、夏季全球降水分布进行模拟。并将模拟的结果与美国国家环境预测中心和中国国家大气研究中心(NCEP/NCAR)的再分析资料(NCEP—RE)进行对比。数值试验的结果表明:细垂直分辨率模式(21层)模拟的全球降水分布从总体效果上优于粗垂直分辨率模式(9层),并且对夏季全球降水分布的模拟优于对冬季降水的模拟。细垂直分辨率改善了积云对流参数化,能更好地模拟对流性降水,但它对大尺度降水的模拟不如粗垂直分辨率。 相似文献
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本文是继文献[1]的研究之后,进一步对大气臭氧层活动与东亚大气环流及天气季节转换之间的关系所作的探讨。我们从天气和动力上简要阐述了大气环流与臭氧层活动的一般关系、对东亚上空的臭氧总量分布和季节变化。臭氧层活动与东亚天气季节转换之间的关系进行了讨论。并付臭氧总量变化与自然天气季节转换资料作了初步计算分析,结果表明。东亚上字臭氧总量的季节变化在纬向和经向上存在着差异。东亚西部中高纬地区上空的臭氧层变化与东亚季节转换有一定的联系。 相似文献
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东海陆架与冲绳海槽晚第四纪沉积硅藻的对比研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对东海陆架DG9617孔以及冲绳海槽A孔和B孔岩芯沉积硅藻进行高分辨率的采样分析,总共鉴定出166种和变种,其中有近14个主要硅藻种在3个钻孔中都连续分布,且有较高的含量,而其余种类含量较低或分布不连续或仅零星检出.根据3个钻孔岩芯中产出硅藻属种组成、含量变化及热带远洋种丰度等特征建立起各自的硅藻组合带.通过对比分析,表明硅藻植物群在东海陆架及冲绳海槽不同沉积环境条件下均记录了自晚第四纪以来古海洋、古气候的变化. 相似文献
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1980-2010年华北地区极端高温天气气候事件特征分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于1980-2010年共31年NCEP再分析资料和华北地区地面台站资料,采用百分位阈值法研究了华北地区夏季极端高温天气事件的时空特征,并对其环流成因进行了分析.结果表明,1980-2010年华北地区极端高温日数和极端高温事件发生时的日平均、最高温度都有明显的增加趋势,其中极端高温日数的增加趋势尤为显著,线性趋势系数达到0.261,通过了0.01的显著性水平检验.空间分布上,近10年华北地区的极端高温日数显著增加,并且北部地区增加大于南部,极端高温多发区由20世纪80年代的"南多北少"向目前的"北多南少"分布态势转变;合成分析的结果表明,在华北地区极端高温日数偏多年,副高势力较强,且西伸脊点偏西,中高纬度地区为两高一低型,造成华北地区极端高温日数偏多的大气环流系统是其中偏东的深厚大陆高压,此系统强度大且在对流层低层势力尤为强盛,位势高度异常在850 h Pa上超过5 gpm. 相似文献
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冬季北极海冰面积异常与中国气温变化之间的年际关系 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
利用1957-2001年冬季的北极海冰资料、中国160站气温资料以及NCEP再分析的大气环流资料分析了冬季北极海冰面积异常与中国气温变化之间的年际关系.过去44年来,北极海冰面积总体上具有减小趋势(鄂霍次克海是例外,那里海冰面积有增加趋势),相应地北极涛动趋于增强,我国大部分地区趋于增暖.叠加这种趋势变化之上的是年际变化.在年际时间尺度上,冬季海冰变化的主要空间型表现为格陵兰海和白令海的海冰异常总是和鄂霍次克海、巴伦支海东部、喀拉海(新地岛附近)以及哈得孙湾的海冰异常符号相反,并且与500 hPa高度场上的EU和WP型遥相关对应.当冬季格陵兰海和白令海的海冰异常偏少,而鄂霍次克海、巴伦支海东部、喀拉海(新地岛附近)以及哈得孙湾的海冰异常偏多时,西伯利亚高压和阿留申低压都偏弱,冬季风减弱,东亚西风增强,我国冬季大部分地区温度升高;反之亦然. 相似文献
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High-resolution oxygen isotope stratigraphy of Core MD05-2901, which is located off eastern Vietnam in the western South China Sea (SCS), was established and indicated that the core spans a time period of the past 450 ka. Based on the bulk density, fractional porosity and lithogenic content of the sediments, terrigenous mass accumulation rate (TMAR) was obtained, which is 4.9-6.0 g cm^-2 ka^-1 on average during interglacial stages, higher than that during glacial stages, i.e. 1.9-5.0 g cm^-2 ka^-1, which is different from northern and southern SCS which show higher TMAR in glacial stages. By principle component analysis of grain size distribution of all the samples, two main control factors (F1 and F2) were obtained, which are responsible for about 80% variance of granularity. The contents of grain size population 1.26-2.66 μm% and 10.8-14.3 μm% which are sensible to F1 show high-frequency fluctuation, and correlate well with the summer insolation at 15^o N. They exhibit a distinct cyclicity with frequencies near 23 ka and 13 ka, in contrast to a strong frequency peak near 100 ka obtained in proxies 4.24-7.42 μm% and 30.1-43.7 μm% controlled mainly by F2. The sedimentary character of this part of the SCS was controlled by variations of input flux from two main source areas, namely the southwest and north SCS, which were transported by different circulations of surface current forced by East Asian summer monsoon and winter monsoon respectively. We believe that the East Asian summer monsoon has fluctuated with high frequency and been forced by changes in solar insolation in low latitude associated with precession and half precession, while ice-volume forcing is probably a primary factor in determining the strength and timing of the East Asian winter monsoon but with less important insolation forcing. 相似文献
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近百年高低层大气环流的演变特征及其与中国降水变化的关系 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分析了101 a北半球低层和高层大气环流(包含四大涛动及W,C,E 3种环流型、副高强度)的演变特征,并讨论了大气环流因子的年际和年代际变化与中国降水的关系.结果表明,无论是高层还是低层大气环流特征随时间尺度的不同而不同,最显著的变化是7 a以下的年际变化.低层因子的年际变化比对流层因子明显;对流层因子的气候基本态的变化比低层因子明显.SO是低层因子中发生年际变化的强信号,NPO是低层因子中时间尺度28 a以上变化的强信号.副高是对流层中发生年际变化的强信号,E型环流是对流层中时间尺度28 a以上变化的强信号;中国近百年的降水量变化有显著的小于3.5 a,3.5~7 a,7~14 a的周期变化;中国降水和高、低层大气环流因子之间存在明显的同时相关和滞后相关关系.同时相关中,影响中国降水的主要因子为:W,NPO,SO;滞后相关中,影响中国降水的主要因子为:W,NAO,AO,E. 相似文献
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四川绵竹酿春池温泉地质成因分析 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
王多义 《成都理工大学学报(自然科学版)》2005,32(5):479-485
利用遥感地质、构造地质、热水化学和稳定同位素和放射性同位素等手段,对四川绵竹酿春池温泉的水源、热源以及补给、径流和储集与构造的关系进行了分析.认为其水源为大气降水,热源为深循环加热,热储温度96℃,环流深度3 000~4 000 m.在山前地区,近源低温地下水与深部的热水混合.酿春池温泉的地质成因模式为:在正常区域地热场环境中,大气降水沿高渗透率的岩石渗入地下.深部地下水沿断层破碎带向山前运移,循环加热.深部地下水在山前区两条断层交会处上涌汇集,并与近源低温地下水混合.热水在盖层被人工凿穿时涌出. 相似文献
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WANGHuijun 《科学通报(英文版)》2003,48(10):1031-1033
Features of an extra-strong warm winter event in North Asia in 2002 and its accompanying anomalous atmospheric circulation were studied through diagnosis on the atmospheric reanalysis data set. Results show that the winter of 2002 is of the warmest in the recent 54 years in North Asia, which was caused by both decadal scale and interannual scale variability. The interannual variability is proved to be as the main cause for the event, and it is related to the global scale atmospheric circulation anomalies, with the strongest of them in the Eastern Hemisphere and in the middle and high latitude region of the Southern Hemisphere. 相似文献
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Relationship between the Antarctic oscillation in the western North Pacific typhoon frequency 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
WANG HuiJun FAN Ke 《科学通报(英文版)》2007,52(4):561-565
Relationship between the Antarctic oscillation (AAO) and the western North Pacific typhoon number (WNPTN) in the interannual variability is examined in this research. The WNPTN is correlated with the AAO in June-July-August-September (JJAS) in 1949-1998 at -0.48 for the detrended time series, statistically significant at 99% level. The tropical atmospheric circulation as well as the sea surface temperature variability over the western Pacific associated with AAO has been analyzed. It follows that a positive phase of JJAS AAO corresponds to the larger magnitude of the vertical zonal wind shear, the anomalous low-lever anticyclonic circulation and anomalous high-level cyclonic circulation, and lower sea surface temperature in the major typhoon genesis region in the western North Pacific, thus providing unfavorable environment for the typhoon genesis, and vice versa. 相似文献
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Sea surface temperature over the past 450 ka was obtained by the unsaturation of molecular fossil-long chain alkenone with a resolution of about 1 ka from the western South China Sea. This is the longest temperature profile in the South China Sea at such high resolution. The U37^κ-SST results revealed similar glacial-interglacial cycles as the δ^18O profile of planktonic foraminifera, with SST variability of 23-25.5℃ for glacial and 25-28℃ for interglacial periods. The highest SST (28.4℃) was recorded at MIS5.5 and lowest SST (22.6℃) during MIS2. The SST record preceded the planktonic foraminiferal δ^18O on five glacial-interglacial transitions. Comparison of temperature records from the Southern and Northern Hemispheres indicated a more Southern Hemisphere-like pattern for the temperature variation in the SCS. Strong precession and semiprecession signals in the spectra of our SST record manifest the tropical phenomena. 相似文献
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神农架大九湖12 500 a.B.P以来的孢粉植物群与气候变化 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
根据孢粉分析,将神农架大九湖12500a.B.P以来的孢粉植物群划分为15个演替阶段,从寒温带针叶林到北亚热带常绿阔叶混交林等多个植被型都有出现。植被带的垂直高度随气候变化上下移动,最冷时(12500-10700a.B.P)下移900-1100m,最暖时(5200-6450a.B.P)上移500-700m,孢粉植物群所反映的古气候变化具有明显的阶段性。12500-7400a.B.P气候相对冷干,但温度和降水回升很快,最冷时年平均温度和降水比今低6.1℃和195mm;7400-3300a.B.P气候最为暖湿,但仍有波动,最暖时年平均温度和降水比今高3.9℃和195mm;3300a.B.P以后气候小幅度波动,冷暖干湿多次交替。 相似文献
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利用1961~2015年冬季(12月到次年2月)宁夏20个气象站月平均气温资料,NCEP/NCAR发布的500 h Pa位势高度场和海平面气压场,200 h Pa、850 h Pa风场月平均再分析资料,运用线性倾向估计、M-K法及合成分析等方法,在研究宁夏冬季平均气温的年际变化及年代际变化特征的基础上,分突变前后的冷、暖期时段进一步分析大气环流场不同影响因子与宁夏冬季气温异常的关系,揭示宁夏冬季气温异常的成因。结果表明:(1)宁夏冬季平均气温由冷变暖的趋势非常显著,在1985年之前为冷期,1985年以后为暖期;冬季平均气温年代际变化在20世纪增暖趋势显著,21世纪后上升趋势趋于平缓。(2)不仅500 h Pa位势高度场的乌拉尔山高压脊和西太平洋副高是影响宁夏冬季气温异常的主要系统,海平面气压场的西伯利亚高压也是影响宁夏冬季气温异常的关键系统;高低空的偏北气流和偏南暖湿气流异常流场也对宁夏冬季气温变化造成一定影响。 相似文献
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The large scale character of the interannual variation of precipitation and the urban effect on local annual precipitation anomaly are investigated in this paper based on the 1960—2000 annual precipitation observations at 20 stations in the Beijing region. The results show that: the annual precipitation in the Beijing region possesses the large scale variation character with the linear trend of -1.197/10 yr, which corresponds to a total reduction of 27.82 mm in annual precipitation in the 41 years; the local annual precipitation anomalies (percent of the normal 1960—2000) show a positive center near the urban area, i.e. urban precipitation island (UPI), whose intensity increases with the linear trend of 0.6621%/10 yr, opposite to the interannual trend of large scale precipitation over the Beijing region; changes in the UPI are also associated with the intensity of synoptic processes of precipitation, and when the synoptic processes are strong (wet years), the intensity of UPI strengthens, while the synoptic processes are weak (dry years), and the UPI disappears in the Beijing region. 相似文献
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Yu Shuqiu 《自然科学进展(英文版)》2007,17(9):1042-1050
The large scale character of the interannual variation of precipitation and the urban effect on local annual precipitation anomaly are investigated in this paper based on the 1960-2000 annual precipitation observations at 20 stations in the Beijing region.The results show that:the annual precipitation in the Beijing region possesses the large scale variation character with the linear trend of-1.197/10 yr,which corresponds to a total reduction of 27.82 mm in annual precipitation in the 41 years;the local annual precipitation anomalies(percent of the normal 1960-2000)show a positive center near the urban area,i.e.urban precipitation island(UPI),whose intensity increases with the linear trend of 0.6621%/10 yr,opposite to the interannual trend of large scale precipitation over the Beijing region;changes in the UPI are also associated with the intensity of synoptic processes of precipitation,and when the synoptic processes are strong(wet years),the intensity of UPI strengthens,while the synoptic processes are weak(dry years),and the UPI disappears in the Beijing region. 相似文献
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针对2009年开始的我国西南地区大旱, 选择云南、广西、四川、重庆、贵州5个省份作为研究区域, 利用西南五省126个气象站1970-2011年逐日降水数据, 计算并分析西南五省2009-2011年逐旬的降水变率情况。结果表明这3年中西南五省大部分时间降水变率都为负, 即降水量比往年少, 而且从10月至来年3月是降水量减少最严重的时期, 这几个月正好是西南地区的干季, 干季更干的状况加剧了此次旱灾的危害程度。旱情的发生在空间分布上有一些规律, 基本上都是广西先出现旱情, 然后扩展到云南、四川, 结束时也是广西首先得到缓解。此外, 通过环流参数相关分析, 发现西南五省降水受到西太平洋副高以及西藏高原气压场的影响, 不同的环流参数影响的地区和时间不尽相同。 相似文献
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LU Huayu Thomas Stevens YI Shuangwen SUN Xuefeng 《科学通报(英文版)》2006,51(18):2253-2259
1 Introduction Loess deposits in China are the thickest and most extensively distributed in the world. Investigations overthe past around one century have significantly im- proved our understanding of the origin, transportation, deposition and evolution o… 相似文献
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通过对上海地区鹤鸣孔和东海1井两个钻孔进行孢粉分析鉴定和对比,结合AMS14C测年等资料,划分出了6个孢粉组合带,恢复了本区的植被演化和气候波动的6个阶段.对鹤鸣孔的大西洋期、亚北方期和亚大西洋期各划分出了两个孢粉组合亚带,反应了大气候环境下气候的次一级波动.在晚更新世晚期的硬绿色粘土中还发现了以环纹藻为主的孢粉组合,从孢粉学角度上证实了这一硬绿色粘土层“水成沉积”的观点. 相似文献