微电解法处理染化废水的试验研究

染化废水污染物种类多,毒性大、化学需氧量,ρ(CODcr)高,且大部分是生物难降解的污染物质,严重污染环境;利用铁炭在水中发生的微电解过程可有效去除染料生产废水的色度和化学需氧量ρ(CODcr),同时提高污水的后续可生化性.试验结果表明,微电解处理效果受填料组成、pH值、停留时间和混凝曝气等因素的影响;废水经过微电解处理后,ρ(CODcr)和色度分别从2 000 mg/L和2 048下降为860 mg/L和256,去除率可高达56％和75％;采用微电解-混凝法出水与采用单纯的石灰乳中和混凝沉淀法出水相比,ρ(CODcr)降低22.5％,可生化性提高18％.     

水解酸化提高焦化废水可生化性的动力学分析

在焦化废水处理的小试中，进行了水解酸化提高焦化废水可生化性的动力学分析。焦化废水经水解酸化预处理后，可生化性得到了改善，后续好氧活性污泥处理系统动力学半速度常数Ka从常规活性污泥法的101．998下降到77，724，最大比降解速度K从0．00224上升到0.00353，BODs／COD Cr比值从0．27～0．29提高至0．32～0．39。     

水解酸化—好氧生物处理焦化废水的试验研究

对处理焦化废水的两种工艺的试验研究表明，采用水解酸化－好氧生物处理较单一好氧生物处理可取得良好的效果。水解酸化作为焦化废水的预处理比较适宜。当实际焦化废水进水CODcr浓度为2214mg/L，水解酸化停留时间12h，好氧曝气时间18h，间歇动态试验出水CODcr浓度为172mg/L时，CODcr的去除率达92．23％，满足污水综合排放标准（GB8978－95）的排放要求。     

絮凝法处理含油废水的试验研究

针对含油废水的特性，我们用絮凝法对含油废水进行了初步处理，试验结果表明：含油废水中加入100mg／L聚合AlCl3絮凝处理后，油去除率可达86．4％，CODcr去除率可达42．2％，可成为生物处理法的预处理工艺。     

微电解/厌氧法提高染料废水可生化性探索

文章以高色度与高CODcr浓度的实际染料生产废水和模拟染料废水为研究对象,采用微电解法和厌氧微生物法对废水进行处理,考察其对废水色度与CODcr的降解效果,以及对废水好氧可生化性的影响。实验结果显示,微电解法处理实际废水,对色度有比较明显的去除效果,对CODcr有一定去除率效果,并使废水的好氧可生化性明显提高;经过驯化的厌氧微生物能够破坏染料的化学结构,能够去除部分CODcr,并对废水的好氧可生化性有一定改善。     

电絮凝处理TNT酸性废水的研究

研究了处理TNT酸性废水的电絮凝方法，在滞留时间3min，pH值8-9、电流密度105A／m^2的最优条件下，可将废水中硝基苯类的浓度从82．0mg/L降到0．6mg/L,CODcr从394．0mg/L降到98．0mg/L，硝基苯类和CODcr的去除率分别达到99．27％和74．47％，电絮凝方法的运行成本比传统的活性碳吸附法低得多。     

丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯树脂废水的生化处理研究

对兰州石化公司ABS生产装置生产的丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯 (ABS)树脂废水水质进行了分析和处理技术研究。通过试验筛选出两株ABS树脂废水高效降解菌ABS 2、ABS 5及其激活剂JH 6 ,可将絮凝处理后ABS树脂废水的生化需氧量与化学需氧量的比值由 38%提高到 4 9% ,提高了废水可生化性 ,强化了ABS树脂废水通过活性污泥法进行处理的效果 ,加快了废水处理启动速度 ,提高了处理效率。静态试验、动态试验及动态扩试等系统性试验表明 ,投加高效菌及其激活剂强化活性污泥法可在水力停留时间 8h内使ABS树脂废水化学需氧量由 770mg/L降至 12 0mg/L以下 ,实现达标排放。由色谱分析推断 ,处理后的水中残余成分主要为低聚物。     

铁屑法预处理焦化废水

焦化废水脱氮大多采用生化法处理,但化学需氧量（COD）高不利于后续生物脱氮的行为,为了降解COD,采用铁屑法对焦化废水进行预处理。在铁屑中加入辅料并曝气对焦化废水进行预处理,在没有将废水pH调节至酸性的情况下,取得了较发好的预处理效果,CODcr的去除率约40％。实验结果表明影响因素的重要性依次为铁屑用量、石墨用量、辅料A用量、处理时间、曝气时间。预处理反应器运行两个月,处理效率没有显著降低,运行结果稳定。     

焦化废水光催化降解研究

在0.5h和300W高压汞灯紫外光处理条件下,采用TiO2,ZnO和TiO2＋ZnO不同催化剂组合,研究了紫外光催化处理对高浓度焦化废水中CODcr及氨氮去除率的影响。结果表明TiO2是焦化废水中CODcr光降解处理的最佳催化剂;TiO2紫外光能够有效地降低高浓度废水中的CODcr,但对其中氨氮的去除较差。考虑到经济可行性和焦化废水光降解处理的工程实用性,进一步研究了典型焦化厂生化处理站进、出废水按照1L/min处理量施加TiO2紫外光照处理的效果和对废水可生化性的影响,结果表明,短时间的TiO2紫外光照处理焦化废水对降低焦化废水进、出水CODcr和NH3-N的作用十分有限,但可以显著地增加焦化废水进、出水的可生化性。因此该方法可作为焦化废水生化处理站进水预处理和出水深度处理的一项技术。     

多级接触氧化法在汽车涂装废水处理中的应用

汽车涂装废水具有可生化性低,化学需氧量(COD)浓度较高的特点,采用多级接触氧化法对其进行小型实验研究.以某汽车厂经物化工艺预处理后的涂装废水为实验原水,其BOD5/COD(5日生化需氧量与化学需氧量比值)0.1,COD质量浓度为800~1 500 mg/L.结果表明:多级接触氧化系统可有效降解涂装废水COD,实验系统稳定运行后,在水力停留时间为8 h的条件下,系统对COD的总去除率可达80%以上;同时,系统表现出较强的抗冲击能力,处理后废水的COD质量浓度均低于500 mg/L,达到了涂装车间废水排放要求.另一方面,该系统可有效降低剩余污泥的产量,结构简单,运行稳定,可大幅降低涂装废水的处理成本.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that