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1.
Evidence for opiate receptors on pituicytes   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
S L Lightman  M Ninkovic  S P Hunt  L L Iversen 《Nature》1983,305(5931):235-237
A hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal enkephalinergic pathway has been described and the pars nervosa of the rat pituitary contains enkephalin-like material which may coexist in vasopressin and oxytocin terminals. At the level of the pars nervosa itself, stereospecific opiate receptors with properties very similar to those of brain receptors have been described, and opiates have been shown to inhibit the release of both vasopressin and oxytocin. The location of the opiate receptors involved has been presumed to be pre-terminal on the neurosecretory fibres. Using an autoradiographic technique to visualize opiate receptors, however, we now report that destruction of the neurosecretory fibres following pituitary stalk section does not result in a significant change in the neural lobe opiate receptor population. This suggests that the opiate receptors within the neural lobe may be present on pituicytes rather than on neurosecretory fibres.  相似文献   

2.
J M Peets  B Pomeranz 《Nature》1978,273(5664):675-676
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3.
Do human platelets have opiate receptors?   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
A Reches  A Eldor  Z Vogel  Y Salomon 《Nature》1980,288(5789):382-383
In their study of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1)-sensitive adenylate cyclase (AC) in rat brain homogenates, Collier and Roy claimed that the activity of this enzyme is inhibited by opiates. They also proposed that opiates exert their analgesic and allied effects by inhibiting AC of neurones that are normally stimulated by E prostaglandins. Studies using neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cells supported this hypothesis. However, subsequent studies with mammalian brain and rat brain tissue slices yielded conflicting results. PGE1 also inhibits platelet aggregation, probably through activation of platelet AC. Gryglewski et al. showed that morphine inhibits the anti-aggregating effect of PGE1 on ADP- and adrenaline-induced platelet aggregation, and suggested that the inhibition by morphine is mediated through platelet AC activity. We report here our attempts to reproduce the results of Gryglewski et al. and our examination of the effect of morphine on PGE1-sensitive AC activity in platelet lysates and on PGE1-induced accumulation of cyclic AMP in intact platelets. The possible existence of opiate receptors in platelets was also assessed by direct binding studies with 3H-etorphine. In contrast to Gryglewski et al., we could not detect any effect of opiates on the aggregation of human platelets, nor did we find any other evidence supporting the presence of opiate receptors in these cells. Thus we conclude that the presence of opiate receptors in human platelets is unlikely.  相似文献   

4.
Substance P inhibits nicotinic activation of chromaffin cells.   总被引:27,自引:0,他引:27  
B G Livett  V Kozousek  F Mizobe  D M Dean 《Nature》1979,278(5701):256-257
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Substance P in the ascending cholinergic reticular system   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
S R Vincent  K Satoh  D M Armstrong  H C Fibiger 《Nature》1983,306(5944):688-691
The neocortex receives a major cholinergic innervation from magnocellular neurones in the basal forebrain. However, an ascending cholinergic reticular system has also been postulated to arise from acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-containing neurones in the midbrain and pontine tegmentum. Lesions of this region decrease both AChE and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in various forebrain areas, and recent immunohistochemical studies have identified a group of ChAT-containing cell bodies in the midbrain reticular formation and dorsolateral pontine tegmentum. Here we have combined retrograde tracing with ChAT immunohistochemistry to demonstrate that this tegmental cholinergic cell group also directly innervates the cerebral cortex. Other immunohistochemical studies have indicated that the neuropeptide substance P is also present in certain cells in the laterodorsal tegmentum, and these too appear to project to the forebrain. We have therefore performed immunohistochemistry for both ChAT and substance P and have discovered that a subpopulation of the ascending cholinergic reticular neurones contains substance P. Thus, peptide-cholinergic coexistence, previously noted in peripheral neurones, also occurs in the brain.  相似文献   

8.
采用组织化学和免疫组化的染色方法,检测趾叶炎小鼠趾部组织中炎性细胞、肥大细胞及其脱颗粒数和P物质表达的动态变化.结果表明,炎症组小鼠趾部P物质在真皮网状层及血管和腺体周围随着二磷酸组织胺免疫时间的推移,表达逐渐增强,多呈网状走行,且与肥大细胞串联及相邻排列;炎症组小鼠趾部肥大细胞及其脱颗粒和炎性细胞随二磷酸组织胺免疫时间的延长急剧增多,均极显著高于正常组(P<0.01),在给药后14 h三者达到峰值,而后减少,给药后72 h又出现上升趋势;同时,在真皮出现了许多增生的动脉,管壁增厚,管腔内有血栓形成.由此推断,P物质参与小鼠趾叶炎的发病过程.  相似文献   

9.
莫宁  王鲁  陈家欢  陈美芳 《广西科学》1997,4(4):306-308
应用细胞内生物电记录方法,观察神经肽P物质(SP)对大鼠星状神经节能细胞的影响,用灌流或用加压向细胞周围施加SP可使部分细胞发生膜除极反应,用低钙或用含河豚毒素克氏液灌流神经节,并不影响SP引起的除极反应的幅度和时程。SP引起除极反应的同时常伴有膜电阻增大,当膜电位增大时,除极化反应幅度变小,反转电位为-80mV至-100mV,研究表明,SP对部分星状神经节细胞具有直接兴奋作用,并且SP对细胞膜的  相似文献   

10.
应用组织学、组织化学和免疫组织化学方法对奶牛不同病变时期乳腺不同部位的肥大细胞的数量、活力以及P物质表达水平的动态变化进行了研究.结果表明,乳腺炎乳腺组织中大量的炎性细胞浸染小叶间质、腺泡及腺上皮细胞间、腺泡腔内、乳导管及血管内壁与周围,并随着病程延长,乳腺不同部位的炎性细胞急剧增多,并呈上升趋势,与正常乳腺比较差异均有统计学意义(P〈0.01),其中,乳基部(乳腺炎3个月)最高,其和乳体部与乳头部比较差异均有统计学意义(P〈0.01);腺泡结构渐进紊乱,小叶内血管内膜突起出现裂隙;乳腺不同部位的黏膜肥大细胞及其脱颗粒变化和P物质的表达水平均与炎性细胞浸染变化相吻合,且P物质神经纤维与肥大细胞相关联.P物质和肥大细胞参与奶牛乳腺炎的病理进程.  相似文献   

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P R Stanfield  Y Nakajima  K Yamaguchi 《Nature》1985,315(6019):498-501
Much interest has recently centred on the properties of peptides that modulate the excitability of nerve cells. Such compounds include the undecapeptide substance P, which is particularly well established as an excitatory neurotransmitter, and we examine here its effects on magnocellular cholinergic neurones taken from the medial and ventral aspects of the globus pallidus of newborn rats and grown in dissociated culture. These neurones have previously been shown to respond to substance P3 and are analogous to the nucleus basalis of Meynert in man, which gives a diffuse projection to the cerebral cortex and whose degeneration is the likely cause of Alzheimer's disease. Substance P depolarizes these cultured neurones by reducing an inwardly rectifying potassium conductances; this conductance has been found in several neuronal types and has similar properties to those of certain other cells. As discussed below, modulation of inward (or anomalous) rectification by substance P implies a self-reinforcing element to the depolarization caused by the peptide.  相似文献   

14.
S D Brain  T J Williams 《Nature》1988,335(6185):73-75
The 37-amino-acid calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) occurs as a result of alternative processing of mRNA from the calcitonin gene. The potency of CGRP as a vasodilator and the occurrence of the peptide in nerves associated with blood vessels suggest an important role for CGRP in the regulation of blood flow. The finding that CGRP induces protracted vasodilatation when administered extra-vascularly, to mimic release from nerves, has led us to investigate how the vasodilator activity of CGRP is controlled in vivo. CGRP is often co-localized with substance P in C-fibre nerves. Here, we demonstrate that injection of CGRP with substance P into human skin converts the long-lasting vasodilatation induced by CGRP into a transient response. Experiments in animals reveal that the phenomenon is dependent on the action of proteases from mast cells stimulated by substance P. The results reveal a new regulatory interaction between two neuropeptides and provide evidence for an in vivo role for mast cell proteases.  相似文献   

15.
P物质对大鼠星状神经节细胞的除极化   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
莫宁 《广西科学》1999,6(1):44-46
应用细胞内生物电记录技术,观察神经肽P物质(SP)对大鼠星状神经节细胞的影响.SP在1 μmol~10 μmol或更高的浓度范围内,供试35个细胞, 有28个细胞发生膜除极反应.用低钙(0.25 mm)或用含河豚毒素(TTX,1 μmol)克氏液灌流神经节,不影响SP引起的除极反应的幅度和时程.SP引起除极反应的同时常伴有膜电阻增大.当膜电位增大时,除极化反应幅度变小,反转电位为-80 mV至-100 mV.研究表明,SP对部分星状神经节细胞具有兴奋作用,使通过这些细胞的信息传递增强;SP对细胞膜的除极作用是由于其引起细胞膜钾导降低所致.  相似文献   

16.
应用细胞内生物电记录技术,观察神经肽P物质(SP)对大鼠星状神经节细胞的影响。SP在1μmol~10μmol或更高的浓度范围内,供试35个细胞,有28个细胞发生膜除极反应。用低钙(0.25mm)或用含河豚毒素(TTX,1μmol)克氏液灌流神经节,不影响SP引起的除极反应的幅度和时程。SP引起除极反应的同时常伴有膜电阻增大。当膜电位增大时,除极化反应幅度变小,反转电位为-80mV至-100mV。研究表明,SP对部分星状神经节细胞具有兴奋作用,使通过这些细胞的信息传递增强;SP对细胞膜的除极作用是由于其引起细胞膜钾导降低所致。  相似文献   

17.
Conditioning and opiate withdrawal   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Schulteis G  Ahmed SH  Morse AC  Koob GF  Everitt BJ 《Nature》2000,405(6790):1013-1014
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P物质及其mRNA在家兔圆小囊组织内表达的研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
P物质(substanee P,SP)是第一个被发现的脑肠肽类物质。大量研究表明SP在激发非特异性免疫调节和诱发炎症等方面发挥着重要的功能。家兔的圆小囊是兔特有的肠道粘膜免疫器官,在家兔的抗感染免疫中发挥着非常重要的作用。采用免疫组化和原位杂交的方法,显示了家兔圆小囊中的SP和其mRNA的分布和表达情况。免疫组织化学结果表明:在家兔的圆小囊粘膜层和黏膜下淋巴组织中存在有大量SP免疫组化阳性反应信号;原位杂交实验结果观察到的圆小囊淋巴组织的各个部位均有SP mRNA阳性反应信号出现,表明兔圆小囊淋巴组织中确实存在着产SP的细胞。  相似文献   

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