Isothermal Crystallization Kinetics of Biodegradable Poly （butylene succinate-co-terephthalate）

The poly （butylene sucinate-co-terphthalate）（PBST） copolyesters with differnet monocs of the PBST has been investigated by differential scanning calorimeter（DSC）.According to Avrami equation,the exponent n for all the copolyesters is independent of the crystallization temperature and content of BT units,and is close to 3,which probably corresponds to the heterogeneous nucleation and a 3-dimensional spherulitic growth.Polarized light micrographs confimed the result.     

Isothermal Crystallization Behavior of Biodegradable Poly （butylene succinate-co-terephthalate） （PBST） Copolyesters at High Undercoolings

Poly （butylene succinatc-co-terephthalate） （PBST） copolycsters were prepared by polycondensation. The crystallization behavior of the as-prepared copolyesters was investigated by depolarized light intensity （DLI） at high undercoolings. According to Avrami equation, the exponent n, independent of the crystallization temperature, is at a range of 2. 5 to 3. 4, which probably corresponds to the heterogeneous mucleation and a 3-dimensional spherulitic growth. The maximum crystallization rate, very useful to polymer processing, was found at about 90℃ based on the half-crystallization time t1/2 analysis.     

Effect of Added Poly （vinyl pyrrolidone） during Condensation on Properties of Poly（p-phenylene terephthalamide）Pulp

Poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA) pulp was prepared by polycondensation of the p-phenylene diamine (PPDA) with terephthaloyl chloride (TPC) in the completely anhydrous solvent system of N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) having calcium chloride, in the presence of poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) having a viscosity average molecular weight lower than 40 000. It was confirmed that the polycondensation could be accelerated, the inherent viscosity of the polymer could be increased, and the polymers could be fibrillated more easily by the addition of the PVP. FTIR and X-ray spectra proved that PVP had not combined into molecular chains of the resultant PPTA pulps. The morphology of the resultant pulps, the effect of viscosity average molecular weight, amount and adding mode of PVP on inherent viscosity, specific surface area,and mean length of the resultant pulps were discussed in detail. And the friction and wear properties of the compound reinforced by the resultant pulps were simply investigated.     

Gelation Behavior of Poly （Vinylidene Fluoride ）-based Gel Polymer Electrolyte

Poly （ vinylidene fluoride ） （ PVdF ）-based gel polymer electrolytes with various compositions were prepared by solution casting technique, The kinetics of gelation was analyzed via the correlation between the apparent gelation rate and concentration of PVdF at a given temperature, Combination the results of the kinetics of gelation and the DSC study, it revealed that the phase separation was the major behavior and the fibrils were the major junction joints of the three-dimensional network even in the case the concentration of PVdF was higher than 25 wt%. The porous surface observed by ESEM also reflected that the phase separation took place during the gelation.     

Preparation and Properties of Poly（Ethylene Terephthalate）/Boehmite Nanocomposite

Colloidal boehmite particles have been included into a polyethylene terephthalate matrix by in situ polymerization. Boehmite nanoparticles were produced by the controlled hydrolysis of aluminium isopropylate. The nanoparticles were characterized using Transmitted Electronic Microscopy （TEM） and X-ray Diffraction （XRD）, which revealed the particles of magnitude about 10 nm. The particles have been used without any surface modification. Characterization of the nanocomposite has been carried out using TEM and differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）. TEM images indicate that the particles have been homogeneously dispersed in the polymer. DSC results show that the presence of boehmite affects the process of crystallization of polyethylene terephthalate.     

Synthesis and Thermal Property of the Poly（silpheny-lenesiloxane）s with Functional Groups

1 Introduction Silicon-containing polymers have been intensively studied in the past half-century, and a great number of papers, patents and books have been published on the synthesis, properties and applications. Silicon-containing polymers, especially polymers containing silicon atoms in the backbone, including some major species as polysiloxane, polysilane, polysilazane, etc. have chains constructed of alternately arranged silicon and oxygen atoms with organic groups attached to the silicon…     

Thermal Stability of Poly （acrylonitrile-methyl acrylate） Copolymers

Poly （ acrylonitrile-methyl acrylate） copolymer was synthesized by water depositing polymerization and has a typical feed ratio of 85/15. And then 1 - 3 wt% lauryl alcohol maleic anhydride （LAM） was adopted as stabilizer to mix with the acrylonitrile based copolymer. The mixtures were characterized by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy （FTIR）, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance （1 H NMR ）, Gel Permeation Chromatography （ GPC ）, Differential Scanning Calorimetry （DSC）, optic microscope and Ubbelohde viscosimetryr etc. The melting point （Tm） and glass transition temperature （Tg） of the 85/15 AN/MA copolymer mixed with LAM all decrease with the increase of stabilizer content. The lowest Tg and Tm were 116.1℃ and 209. 1℃ respectively at the heating rate of 100℃/min when the content of LAM is 2 wt%. The 85/15 AN/MA copolymer mixed with 1 - 3 w t% LAM possess good thermal stability up to 30 min at 220 ℃.     

Influence of Mica Particles on the Rheological Properties and Thermal Stability of Poly（ lactic acid）

The influence of mica particles on the rheological and thermal properties of poly（ lactic acid）（ PLA） / mica composites were investigated by capillary rheometer and thermogravimetric（ TG）analysis. The results show that the PLA / mica blends are nonNewtonian pseudoplastic and display shear-thinning. The value of non-Newtonian index of the blends melt decreased obviously with the addition of mica particles but somehow even increased when shear rate exceeded 4 500 s- 1. In this work,it could be indicated that appropriate amount of mica particles could somehow enhance the resistance of PLA melt under high shear rate to deviate from Newtonian fluid. TG analysis shows that the thermal stability of PLA decreases a little after the incorporation of the mica particles.As mica particles decompose in a completely different way in contrast to PLA,this abnormal decrease of thermal stability of PLA / mica composite may be attributed to moisture stored between mica layers released at high temperature.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly（methylsilane） as Ceramic Precursor

Polysilanes are novel polymers with Si-Si catenation chain. They can be used as precursors for SiC ceramic, have important applications in anti-oxidation of C/C composites. Poly（methylsilane） （PMS）, which is an ideal precursor to stoichiometric SiC, is synthesized by the sodium polycondensation reaction of monomer CH3SiHCl2. During the reaction, there is an initiation period. In this period there is no obvious exothermic reaction after dropping of monomer, then suddenly eruptive reaction arise and temperature goes up quickly, After the eruption, the polymerization can proceed smoothly. This phenomenon is harmful to scale-up.     

Enzyme-Mediated Hydrolysis of Poly（ethylene glycol）-Supported Carbonates

Enzymatic kinetic resolution of racemic alcohols or esters is known as a useful method for the preparation of optically active secondary alcohols. However, the work-up including the separation of the mixture of the remaining substrate and the resulting compound spend a lot of time and waste much amount of solvents. On the other hand, organic synthesis based on polymer supports has made rapid progress. Although the methodology is potentially useful for the easy separation of compounds obtained by the enzymatic reaction, there have been relatively few reports on enzymatic resolutions of using a polymer so far. We have noticed that using a watersoluble polymer could be suitable for enzymatic transformation. Here, we report the first example of an enzyme-mediated enantioseleetive hydrolysis of poly（ethylene glycol）（PEG）-supported substrates with a carbonate moiety to afford optically active compounds, and the method enables us to achieve the easy separation of the products. See Scheme 1.     

生物可降解PBST非织造布成型工艺与性能

通过优化工艺参数研制出性能良好的聚丁二酸-共-对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBST)熔喷非织造布,采用单因素分析法讨论了模头温度、挤出速度、喷气压力和接收距离等成网工艺参数对其性能的影响.研究表明:随着模头温度的升高,螺杆挤出速度的减小,喷气压力和接收距离的增大,纤维直径逐渐减小;而纤网纵向断裂强力随着模头温度和喷气压力的升高均先增大后减小,随着挤出速度的增大和接收距离的减小而逐渐增大.此外,纤网的透气率和面密度不匀率也与熔喷工艺参数密切相关.     

聚丁二酸丁二醇酯/氢氧化镁生物可降解阻燃复合材料的性能研究

熔融挤出制备了聚丁二酸丁二醇酯/氢氧化镁（PBS/Mg(OH)2）生物可降解阻燃复合材料,并对其熔体流动性、热稳定性、阻燃性能、结晶与熔融行为和力学性能进行研究. 结果表明,加入Mg(OH)2降低了PBS的熔体流动速率,延缓PBS在燃烧过程中的分解,有效提高PBS的极限氧指数和抗滴落性能. Mg(OH)2对PBS结晶具有的异相成核作用,显著提高PBS的结晶温度并改变PBS的熔融行为. 当Mg(OH)2质量分数低于40%时,Mg(OH)2提高PBS的拉伸强度、拉伸模量、弯曲强度和弯曲模量,但降低PBS的断裂伸长率和冲击强度;当Mg(OH)2质量分数大于50%时,由于PBS和Mg(OH)2的相容性较差,PBS/ Mg(OH)2复合材料在拉伸和弯曲过程中均呈现出脆性断裂现象,导致拉伸强度和弯曲强度降低.     

低温溶液缩聚法制备间位芳香族聚酰胺的研究

采用低温溶液缩聚的方法将间苯二胺(MPD)和间苯二甲酰氯(IPC)在N，N’-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAC)中进行缩聚，制得了较高重均相对分子质量的间住芳香族聚酰胺树脂。研究了聚合度与反应时间的关系，并对影响缩聚的各种因素如：单体浓度、起始反应温度、两种单体的摩尔比进行了研究，还对制得的浆液的稳定性进行了观察。     

固态缩聚法改性聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯的反应动力学

研究了芳香族二醇单体与聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBT)的固态缩聚反应及其反应动力学.采用的二醇单体是对苯二甲酸二羟乙酯(BHET).一定配比的PBT和BHET混合物在185°C下进行固态缩聚(SSP)反应,分别利用凝胶色谱(SEC)、核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)和核磁共振碳谱(13C-NMR)对缩聚产物的数均分子量、分子结构进行了表征.SEC表征的结果表明:反应起始阶段聚合物的数均分子量快速下降,这是由于酯交换导致PBT链的断裂,形成了低聚物;0.5 h后,所有自由的BHET单体都已参与了酯交换反应;此后,所得到的低聚物重新缩聚,导致数均分子量上升,最终得到高数均分子量共聚物.1H-NMR表征结果表明,随着固相反应的进行乙二醇基团在体系中趋于无规分布.13C-NMR表征结果表明:在反应起始阶段,体系自由度快速上升;反应4 h后,自由度开始趋于缓和,所得共聚物的化学结构趋于稳定.     

聚乳酸的热降解模型研究

在分析聚乳酸热降解链随机断裂机理基础上建立了聚乳酸热降解模型，运用Z变换方法对模型进行了求解，并对聚乳酸的相对分子质量、相对分子质量分布随时间、温度的变化进行了模拟。模拟结果表明，经过1.5h（200℃），聚乳酸的降解已经基本达到平衡，与文献实验结果吻合。     

PBT/PET共混体系熔融过程的DSC研究

用共溶解-沉淀法制得的共混物PBT/PET各组分分别结晶,PET的存在对PBT的结晶有抑制作用;熔融共混PBT/PET的DSC图谱与共混时间有关;超过一定时间后只呈现单一的熔融峰,其本质是由于酯交换使共混物变为共聚酯,而非互溶共晶.     

降冰片烯大分子单体开环易位聚合制备PEG取代的接枝共聚物

先用酯化的方法合成了含有聚乙二醇(PEG)的降冰片烯大分子单体, 再用开环易位聚合方法使大分子单体聚合, 得到了PEG取代的聚降冰片烯接枝共聚物. 并通过凝胶渗透色谱法（GPC）研究合成的接枝共聚物分子量及分子量分布情况. 结果表明： 聚合物的数均分子量为1.0万~4.4万; 分子量分布为1.11~1.22, 并且聚合物的分子量分布随［M］/［I］的增加而变窄.     

聚碳酸亚丙酯/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与性能

通过熔融插层法制备了聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)/有机蒙脱土(OMMT)复合材料。XRD分析表明:PPC/OMMT复合材料形成了插层型纳米复合结构。相对于纯PPC材料,纳米复合材料的拉伸性能和抗冲击性能得到了显著提高,但复合材料的断裂伸长率降低。当OMMT含量为6%时,PPC/OMMT纳米复合材料具有最优的力学性能和最高的玻璃化温度。     

PBAT/PPC可生物降解薄膜的性能及其自然老化行为

为提升聚己二酸-对苯二甲酸丁二酯（PBAT）共混物的水蒸气阻隔性和耐候性能,通过熔融共混和吹塑方法制备了不同配比的PBAT/聚碳酸亚丙酯（PPC）共混物薄膜,研究了材料组成对共混物薄膜水蒸气阻隔性、力学性能、热性能、微观形貌、透光率等影响,并对其进行了自然老化表征。结果表明,PPC的加入提高了PBAT基薄膜的水蒸气阻隔性,但力学性能和热稳定性有所下降,加入质量分数为20%的PPC可使薄膜的水蒸气透过系数下降54.5%;自然老化试验表明,PPC能够提升PBAT基薄膜的耐候性。     

聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)交联改性研究

采用化学方法对聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)进行交联改性,交联剂为过氧化苯甲酰(BPO).研究了交联剂添加量对交联体系性能的影响.采用溶胀法、差示扫描量热法、X射线衍射、平板流变仪等手段对交联后PBS的凝胶含量、结晶和熔融行为、动态流变性能进行了研究.结果表明:随着BPO添加量的增加,交联PBS的凝胶含量升高,复数黏度、储能模量和损耗模量均显著增大;结晶度和熔点降低,但结晶温度有所提高.