Effect of histamine on the diameter of skeletal muscle fibers in mice

Résumé Des souris reçurent des injections intrapéritonéales de bichlorure d'histamine. Le diamètre moyen des fibres musculaires s'en trouva nettement réduit et des modifications histologiques furent notées chez les souris traitées.

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Supported by grant HD-00221, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Public Health Service. I wish to gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance of MissF. Vaughan.     

Capillarity of red,white and intermediate muscle fibers in trained and untrained guinea-pigs

Résumé Le dressage des cochons d'Inde sur un moulin de discipline augmente la capillarité des fibres musculaires rouges, tandis que les fibres blanches et intermédiaires ne changent pas. Ces résultats sont compatibles avec les données précédentes qui conseillent d'employer de préférence les fibres rouges dans les exercices de résistance.

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This study was supported in part by the Easter Seal Research Foundation of the National Society for Crippled Children and Adults, Inc. and USPHS Grants Nos. NB 07587, HD 02584 and GM 15759.     

Syncoilin, an intermediate filament-like protein linked to the dystrophin associated protein complex in skeletal muscle

Syncoilin is a member of the intermediate filament protein family, highly expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Syncoilin binds α-dystrobrevin, a component of the dystrophin associated protein complex (DAPC) located at the muscle cell membrane, and desmin, a muscle-specific intermediate filament protein, thus providing a link between the DAPC and the muscle intermediate filament network. This link may be important for muscle integrity and force transduction during contraction, a theory that is supported by the reduced force-generating capacity of muscles from syncoilin-null mice. Additionally, syncoilin is found at increased levels in the regenerating muscle fibres of patients with muscular dystrophies and mouse models of muscle disease. Therefore, syncoilin may be important for muscle regeneration in response to injury. The aims of this article are to review current knowledge about syncoilin and to discuss its possible functions in skeletal muscle. Received 21 May 2008; received after revision 10 July 2008; accepted 18 July 2008     

The ATPases of the sarcolemma from skeletal muscle in experimental myotonia

Zusammenfassung Die Aktivität der (Mg⁺⁺)- und der (Na⁺+K⁺)-stimulierten ATP-ase des Sarkolemm von Ratten mit Myotonie durch 20.25-Diazacholesterin ist gegenüber den Kontrollratten eindeutig erniedrigt. 2,5 mM 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetat im Bestimmungsansatz hemmt beide ATP-asen um ungefähr 60%.     

The response of human skeletal muscle tissue to hypoxia

Hypoxia refers to environmental or clinical settings that potentially threaten tissue oxygen homeostasis. One unique aspect of skeletal muscle is that, in addition to hypoxia, oxygen balance in this tissue may be further compromised when exercise is superimposed on hypoxia. This review focuses on the cellular and molecular responses of human skeletal muscle to acute and chronic hypoxia, with emphasis on physical exercise and training. Based on published work, it is suggested that hypoxia does not appear to promote angiogenesis or to greatly alter oxidative enzymes in skeletal muscle at rest. Although the HIF-1 pathway in skeletal muscle is still poorly documented, emerging evidence suggests that muscle HIF-1 signaling is only activated to a minor degree by hypoxia. On the other hand, combining hypoxia with exercise appears to improve some aspects of muscle O₂ transport and/or metabolism.     

The influence of caffeine on the sodium efflux in barnacle muscle fibers

Zusammenfassung Nachweis, dass Coffein zunächst den Auswärtstrom von Na-Ionen aus Einzelfasern der Bernakelmuskeln verringert, ihn hernach aber zu steigern vermag.     

The genetics of a soluble acidic protein in skeletal muscle

Zusammenfassung Ein Hauptbestandteil von wässerigem Skelettmuskelextrakt ist ein dimeres, saures Protein mit einem Molekulargewicht von 120 000. In der WachtelCoturnix coturnix japonica und in der KröteBufo americanus wird dieses Protein von einem einzelnen autosomalen Locus kontrolliert.

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Supported by grants No. CA 10619 and No. CA 05138 from the National Institutes of Health, U.S. Public Health Service.

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This work was performed during Dr. Wohnus' sabbatical leave from Bennington College, Bennington, Vermont.     

The acetylcholine content and choline-acetyltransferase activity in human skeletal muscle

Riassunto Sono descritte le tecniche per la determinazione della ACH e attività CHA nel muscolo umano normale. I risultati indicano che il rapporto fra capacità sintetizzante e neurormone è più alto in muscoli con maggior impegno funzionale.     

The uptake by skeletal muscle of tritium labeled decamethonium and dimethyltubocurarine

Résumé Le décaméthonium, une substance dépolarisante, est absorbé par le muscle squelettal tandis que la substance non-dépolarisante, le diméthyltubocurarine, ne l'est pas. L'absorption du décaméthonium se rapporte peut-être à ce bloque de deuxième phase qui se fait voir avec les substances dépolarisantes.

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Supported in part by U.S.P.H.S. Grant No. B-738.     

The effect of tilting ultrathin sections on the image of the Z-disc of skeletal muscle

Résumé A l'aide du microscope électronique muni d'un goniomètre, la structure tri-dimensionelle du disque Z de la fibre musculaire striée a été analysée. Les résultats obtenus sont comparés avec un modèle construit en perspex et avec les images conventionnelles du disque Z.

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Acknowledgment. We wish to thank Pye Unicam (Philips) an Jeol (U. K.) Ltd. for kindly allowing us to use their electron microscopes. Technical assistance from Messrs.H. Fisher, J. Manston andR. Birchenough is gratefully acknowledged.