意识形态与翻译的关系

巴斯内特(Susan Bassnet)和勒弗菲尔(Andre Lefevere)将意识形态纳入了翻译研究的视野，使两者相互关系的研究成为了一个热点。意识形态对翻译的影响是多方面的，意识形态影响译者对翻译文本的选择，影响译者的具体翻译策略，影响翻译理论水平的发展。     

基于语料库的翻译意识形态研究——《麦田里的守望者》不同译本脏话翻译差异的原因探析

本文用语料库检索方法对孙仲旭和施咸荣《麦田里的守望者》中译本中脏话处理的差异进行了量化比较,结合勒费弗尔的翻译理论,从意识形态的视角对两个译本中脏话的不同处理的原因进行了探析。验证了翻译过程受到意识形态的操控,包括译者个人意识形态和译者所处社会的主流意识形态两部分。而两种意识形态交互影响,通过译者的主体性导致了译者翻译行为上的变通以及翻译结果的不同。     

意识形态对翻译研究的影响及启示

翻译从来就是一种有目的的行为，翻译活动的目的本身就带有强烈的意识形态倾向。意识形态对翻译的影响概括起来主要表现在以下三个方面：意识形态影响译者对翻译文本的选择，意识形态影响译者的翻译策略，意识形态影响翻译理论的发展。在全球化浪潮不断扩展的今天，如何重塑文化自觉、重新发掘和建构本土文化身份，并对种种意识形态的影响保持一份清醒的警觉就变得尤为紧迫。     

意识形态对“五四”时期文学翻译的影响

上世纪70年代，翻译研究出现了文化转向，这种文化转向强调了翻译与目标语体系中政治、文化和意识形态等方面的关系；强调了意识形态影响翻译的层层面面，如影响译者对翻译文本的选择，影响译者所选用的翻译策略等。在中国翻译发展史上，“五四”时期是一个特殊而典型的时期。当时的内忧外患给中国的知识分子带来了严重的危机感，使他们意识到文学也可以承载政治使命与科学启蒙职责。这一时期的翻译活动在文本和翻译策略的选择上都明显地受到了当时社会意识形态的影响。     

论意识形态对文学翻译的操控

重点阐述意识形态理论观照下埃兹拉.庞德(Ezra Pound)《华夏集》(Cathay)的翻译,主要从译前文本选择和翻译语言风格选用两个方面来揭示隐藏在翻译活动背后的操纵因素——意识形态。通过对比分析与例证得出结论:文学翻译活动不可避免的受到某一特定时期主流意识形态的影响和制控。同时,本文在结尾指出译者应本着"求同存异"的原则,尽可能降低意识形态对翻译行为的操控,从而保证跨文化交际平等顺利的进行。     

从《骆驼祥子》的两个英译本看意识形态对文学翻译的影响

根据勒弗维尔的改写理论,通过甄选伊万.金(1945年版)和施晓菁(1981年版)翻译的两个《骆驼祥子》英文译本,针对意识形态对于文学翻译的影响程度及其在译文中的具体表现进行了剖析,同时通过两位不同文化、不同时期的译者在《骆驼祥子》翻译过程中所采取的相似或相异的翻译策略,尝试性地探讨了意识形态对于文学翻译的操控。     

意识形态操纵下的文学翻译——对小说《饥饿的女儿》书名英译的个案研究

虹影的小说《饥饿的女儿》英译本书名对原文的"叛逆"和"改写"是由主流社会意识形态、赞助人以及译者主体性这三个主要因素共同制约和操纵的结果。这种操纵是为了塑造模式化的"东方他者"形象。其中译者所处社会的主流意识形态是翻译活动的社会背景,对翻译活动进行潜层操纵;代表主流意识形态的赞助人则对译者明确提出翻译要求,直接干预和操纵翻译活动;而译者个人的意识形态和翻译观也直接影响其翻译策略的选择。     

意识形态与译者的话语权力

翻译是两种语言之间文化信息交流的社会实践活动,在这一过程中,译者所拥有的话语权力不可避免地要受其所属意识形态的支配和制约。在此笔者运用福柯的“话语”和“话语权力”理论从译者的文本选择、翻译策略两个方面探讨意识形态对译者话语权力的影响。     

浅析译者文化意识操纵下的典籍英译——以《论语》英译本为例

从文化转向开始,翻译研究被放置在一个更为广阔的文化语境之中,研究的重心转向了文本之外的广泛领域。典籍是最具代表性的文化载体,如何使中华文化更好地"走出去",典籍英译者的文化意识形态极大程度地制约着译本的可接受性与适应性。本文试以《论语》英译为例,阐述译者意识形态在翻译过程中的影响与作用。     

论政治因素对翻译实践的影响

翻译是跨学科的社会活动,它不可避免地与社会意识形态有着复杂的关联.针对传统翻译理论对意识形态的重要表现形式之一-社会政治因素认识的不足,本文着重探讨了翻译中的政治因素,并认为政治因素对翻译的影响是深刻的.在翻译活动中,政治因素不仅影响翻译策略、翻译题材的选择,而且还影响译者的选词和评判译文的标准,同时翻译反过来又服务于政治.因此,翻译研究中应该考虑政治这一语言外因素,否则翻译不能成为完整意义上的翻译.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that