一种输入轨至轨运算放大器的设计与仿真

介绍了一种输入轨至轨CMOS运算放大器,该放大器采用了共源共栅结构做增益级,在输入级跨导使用了电流补偿,以使其几乎恒定.在3 V电源电压下的静态功耗只有180μW,带5 p的负载电容时,直流开环增益,单位增益带宽分别达到75 dB,1.5 MHz.     

0.18μm CMOS工艺下全摆幅恒跨导放大器设计

基于标准0.18μm CMOS工艺,设计一款输入恒跨导、输出全摆幅的运算放大器.利用最小电流选择电路实现输入的恒定跨导,并采用前置Class AB的结构提高输出驱动能力,实现最大的输出摆幅;同时引入内嵌式的米勒补偿电路来保证放大器工作的稳定性.设计结果表明:在典型工艺角下,0.0~1.8V的共模输入范围内,跨导的变化仅为1.6%,输出摆幅范围为0.005~1.800V,开环增益107.9dB,相位裕度为61.2°,功耗为658.8μW.     

前馈型轨到轨恒跨导恒增益CMOS运算放大器

设计了一种恒跨导恒增益的轨到轨运算放大器.输入级采用一倍电流镜控制的互补差分对结构,实现轨到轨和恒跨导.通过分析运算放大器电压增益随共模电压变化的原因,提出了一种前馈型恒增益控制模块,可以根据共模电压开启或关闭附加电流源,使运算放大器电压增益保持恒定.输出级采用前馈型AB类输出结构,以达到轨到轨输出效果.采用Chartered公司0.35μm工艺进行流片,仿真及测试结果表明:该运算放大器的直流开环增益为125dB,单位增益带宽为8.879MHz,在整个共模范围内电压增益最大变化率为1.69%.     

高增益、恒跨导Rail-Rail CMOS运算放大器设计

设计和研究了一种高增益恒跨导Rail-Rail CMOS运算放大器,输入级采用工作在亚阈值区的互补差分形式输入结构。与以往输入结构相比,不仅使输入共模电压达到Rail-Rail,而且降低了工作电压,提高了电源利用率。利用电流开关的作用使输入跨导在输入共模范围内恒定。中间级为MOS差分结构,并且同向驱动输出级使其具有推挽特性。采用嵌套米勒频率补偿使运算放大器稳定。整个电路采用华虹0.35μmCMOS工艺参数进行设计,工作电压为3.0 V。利用OrCAD HSPICE仿真结果显示,在10 kΩ电阻和5 pF电容的负载下,运算放大的直流开环增益为110 dB,相位裕度为70°,单位增益带宽为45 MHz。     

一种低功耗恒跨导CMOS运算放大器的设计

文章分析了传统的轨到轨运算放大器输入级电路,设计了一种低功耗、恒跨导CMOS运算放大器。整个电路基于0.5μm标准N阱CMOS工艺进行设计,采用HSPICE工具仿真,在3 V单电源工作电压情况下,功耗约为0.15 mW,当电路驱动3 pF电容的负载时,电路的直流增益达到78 dB,单位增益带宽达到3 MHz,相位裕度为81°,达到了设计的低功耗、恒跨导的要求。     

一种基于电平位移电路的低电压全摆幅CMOS运放

为解决阈值电压对电源电压和输入信号的受限问题,提出一种实用的电平位移电路,为运放的输入级提供良好的电平位移。采用互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS)0.5μm工艺设计的低电压全摆幅CMOS运算放大器,中间级采用适合低电压工作的低压宽摆幅共源共栅结构,输出级采用传统的Class A类得到轨至轨的输出。采用Hspice软件对所设计的电路进行仿真。研究结果表明:当电源电压降至或者小于NMOS与PMOS的阈值电压之和时,在任何共模输入电压下,该运放都能正常工作,实现输入级的全摆幅和恒跨导;在1.3 V单电源供电情形下直流开环增益达106.5 dB,单位增益带宽为2.3 MHz,功耗178.8μW。电路结构简单紧凑,具有实用的电平位移功能,适合于低电压应用。     

低电压全摆幅恒跨导CMOS运算放大器的设计

给出了一种常用两级低电压CMOS运算放大器的输入级、中间增益级及输出级的原理电路图,并阐述其主要工作特性.输入级采用了NMOS管和PMOS管并联的互补差分输入对结构,使输入共模电压范围达到全摆幅（rail-to-rail）,并采用了成比例的电流镜技术以实现输入级跨导的恒定;中间增益级采用了适合低电压工作的低压宽摆幅共源共栅结构的电流镜负载,提高了输出电阻,进而提高了增益,同时更好的实现了全摆幅特性;输出级采用了高效率的推挽共源极功率放大器,使输出电压摆幅基本上可以达到全摆幅;为了保证运放的稳定性与精确性,其基准电流源采用一个带电流镜负载的差分放大器;为防止运放产生振荡,采用了带调零电阻的密勒补偿技术对运放进行频率补偿.     

一种轨对轨两级CMOS运算放大器的设计

目的 设计一个具有轨对轨输入和输出摆幅的两级CMOS运算放大器.方法 输入级采用两对单一类型的n沟道差分对管作为输入管,用两个相同的n沟道源跟随器来完成输入电平的直流电平转移,实现了轨对轨的输入摆幅;输出级采用前馈甲乙类控制的轨对轨输出级,保证了轨对轨的输出摆幅和较强的驱动能力.结果 用标准的0.6μm CMOS BSIM3v3模型库对该放大器进行了仿真,开环电压增益、单位增益带宽和相位裕度分别达到了113.57dB,11.9MHz和53°,输入级跨导的变化在±5%内.结论 所设计运算放大器其输入和输出摆幅为轨对轨,满足设计所提要求.     

一种新型电流镜运算跨导放大器的设计

针对传统低压微功耗电流镜运算跨导放大器存在低增益和小摆率的缺陷,设计了一款新型电流镜运算跨导放大器。在不影响电路的静态功耗和稳定性的基础上,该运算跨导放大器采用增益提高(gain-boosting, GB)结构,增大了电路的小信号增益;引入开关型摆率增强(switched slew-rate enhancement, SSRE)结构,提高了电路的大信号摆率。基于UMC 0.11μm标准CMOS工艺进行电路设计和仿真。仿真结果表明：在1.2 V电源电压和10 pF负载电容下,与传统电流镜运算跨导放大器相比,设计的新型电流镜运算跨导放大器的增益提高了47 dB,正摆率提高了11.2倍,负摆率提高了12.4倍。     

新型低压微功耗伪差分跨导放大器设计

本文针对全差分跨导放大器电源电压偏高、功耗较大,以及常规伪差分跨导放大器增益和共模抑制比不高的问题,采用带反相器和共模前馈的伪差分输入级、自偏置电流镜结构的输出级,以及正体偏置技术和TSMC 40nm CMOS工艺,设计一个新型低压微功耗高增益高共模抑制比的伪差分跨导放大器。Cadence Spectre仿真结果表明,在0.5V的电源电压下,该跨导放大器的开环增益为51.8dB,单位增益带宽为18.6 MHz,相位裕度为70°,共模抑制比达到135dB,电源抑制比达到107dB,而功耗仅为3μW,具有较好的综合性能,可作为大多数要求较高的前端微弱信号放大器。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has