聚丙烯酸甲酯—二乙烯苯微球的制备

通过无皂乳液聚合方法制备了单分散性好的丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＡ）－二乙烯苯（ＤＶＢ）交联微球。研究了引发剂、单体、交联剂的用量、温度、搅拌速率、离子强度对聚合反应速率和微球粒径的影响。得到了外形较规则、粒径为７３０ｎｍ左右、分布均匀的交联丙烯酸甲酯－二乙烯苯微球,其制备条件是：以双蒸馏水为反应体系,Ｃ（ＭＡ）０＝０．８７１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,Ｃ（ＤＶＢ）＝０．０６７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,Ｔ＝７０℃,转速为３００ｒ／ｍｉｎ,     

用萃取第三相形成法治理β－萘磺酸废水Ⅱ．β－萘磺酸－水－三辛胺（煤油）体系的萃取机理

研究了文题体系的萃取机理。结果表明，在萃取过程中形成了粘度很大、体积很小的第三相，被萃取物β－萘磺酸在第三相中的化学组成为［Ｒ＿３Ｎ·ＨＡ］＿Ｒ，并得到高度富集。反应平衡常数Ｋ＝３．３９ｋＬ／ｍｏｌ，焓变     

油包水微乳液介质中脂肪酶催化α-单硬脂酸甘油酯水解反应活性研究

以α-单硬脂酸甘油酯为底物研究油包水（W／O）微乳液介质中脂肪酶的水解催化活性。结果表明，由AOT／水／正庚烷构成的ω/O微乳液体系的w0值、pH值、缓冲液离子浓度、AOT浓度等参数对脂肪酶催化活性有影响，最佳酶活力对应的微乳液组成为：w0=8;pH=7.17(67mmol/L的KH2PO4－Na2HPO4缓冲液）；[AOT]=0.10mmol/L。研究还表明，微乳液介质中，脂肪酶催化α-单硬脂酸甘油酯水解反应动力学与水介质中相类似；当酶浓度恒定时，反应速率与底物浓度的关系符合Michaelis-Menten方程，最大反应速率vmax（用脂肪酶活力表示）约为156u,米氏常数Km约为5．6mmol/L；当底物浓度恒定时，反应速率与酶浓度成正比。     

钯(Ⅱ)对显色体系DAoVMPM-V(V)-H3PO4-Mn(Ⅱ)-Tween60阻抑作用的研究

研究在酸性介质中钯（Ⅱ）阻抑试剂ＤＡｏＶＭＰＭ与Ｖ（Ｖ）显色反应的动力学参数,反应的表观速率常数Ｋ０＝２．２８５×１０－２ｍｉｎ－１,表观活化能Ｅａ＝６７．５１ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。基于这种阻抑作用建立了一种测定钯的动力学光度分析法,Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）含量在０．５μｇ／２５ｍＬ～１０．０μｇ／２５ｍＬ能被准确检出,检出限为５．０×１０－９ｇ／ｍＬ。该方法灵敏度高,稳定性好,用于石钯渣和钯催化剂中钯的测定,本法的相对标准差ＲＳＤ为１．０‰～１．５‰,回收率为９６％～１０３％。     

TritonX—100／n—C10H21OH／H2O体系中吩噻嗪对蒽的荧光猝灭研究

用荧光光谱法研究了壬基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚（TritonX-100）／正癸醇（n—C10H21OH）／H2O体系中蒽和吩噻嗪（PTZ）的光诱导电子转移反应，探讨了蒽和PTZ在微乳液中的定位．结果表明，在W／O和O／W微乳液中，猝灭反应都发生在微乳液液滴的膜相．     

CTMAB存在下铬（Ⅲ）与PAR及三乙醇胺的显色反应

研究了在溴化十六烷基三甲基铵（ＣＴＭＡＢ）存在下，铬（Ⅲ）与４－（２－吡啶偶氮）－间苯二酚（ＰＡＲ）及三乙醇胺（ＴＥＡ）的显色反应。结果表明在ｐＨ６．８～７．８的三乙醇胺及其盐酸盐的缓冲体系中，经沸水浴２０ｍｉｎ，Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）－ＰＡＲ－ＴＥＡ显色完全，ＣＴＭＡＢ有较好的增敏及稳定作用；λ_（ｍａｘ）＝５４０ｎｍ，ε_（５４０）＝５．６×１０~４Ｌ·ｍｏｌ~（－１）·ｃｍ~（－１），Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）含量在０．８－８×１０~（－４）ｇ·Ｌ~（－１）范围内吸光度遵从比尔定律。     

2,4—二碘基苯基荧光酮光度法测定工业己内酰胺中铁含量

在ｐＨ＝７０的ＮＨ４Ａｃ缓冲介质中,非离子型ＯＰ微乳液存在下,Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）和２,４－二碘基苯基荧光酮（ＤＳＦ）生成蓝色络合物,λｍａｘ＝６４０ｎｍ,ε＝１６２×１０５Ｌ·ｍｏＬ－１·ｃｍ－１,铁含量在０～５μｇ／２５ｍＬ内符合比尔定律,方法用于工业己内酰胺中铁的测定,结果满意     

利用异养型微藻生产DHA

本研究旨在筛选高产ＤＨＡ的异养型微藻种．以含有５ｇ／Ｌ葡萄糖的Ｐｏｒｐｈｙｒｉｄｉｕｍ培养基为初始培养基,对四株异养双鞭藻———Ｃｒｙｐｔｈｅｃｏｄｉｎｉｕｍｃｏｈｎｉ进行摇床培养筛选．其中ＣｒｙｐｔｈｅｃｏｄｉｎｉｕｍｃｏｈｎｉＡＴＣＣ３０５５６的比生长速率（０．０６７／ｈ）、生物量（２．０４６ｇ／Ｌ）以及ＤＨＡ产量（１５９ｍｇ／Ｌ）均为最高．筛选结果表明,该藻种具有进一步研究的意义及进行工业化生产的可能．     

在THF中用n—BuLi引发的异戊二烯阴离子聚合动力学研究

以ＴＨＦ为溶剂，ｎ－ＢｕＬｉ中引发剂，利用膨胀计对异戊二烯（Ｉｐ）阴离子聚合增长反应的动力学进行了研究，结果表明，增长反应速率与单体浓度及引发剂浓度均呈一级关系，其关系式可表示为：Ｒｐ＝ｋｐ（Ｉｐ）（ｎ－ＢｎＬｉ）并求得该体系链增长反应真实活化能Ｅａ和频率因子Ａ：Ｅａ＝３３．５４０ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，Ａ＝３．９６１×１０＾４Ｌ／ｍｏｌ．ｈ因此，链增长反应速率常数可表示为ｋｐ＝３．９６１×１０＾４ｅｘｐ（     

生物酶催化木素与酚共聚反应的研究

用过氧化物酶在微乳液中催化木质素与酚的聚合反应。结果表明，在微乳液系统中酶催化聚合反应速率很大。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the