网纹化对皖南红土特征剩磁的影响

皖南的红土是形成于亚热带的风尘沉积,建立红土的年代框架主要依据磁性地层,但红土磁性地层的可靠性却存在争议.为查明风化作用对古地磁特征剩磁的影响,我们选择了安徽宣城官塘的红土剖面进行了高分辨率的磁性地层研究.结果显示,均质红土层的特征剩磁比较稳定,而网纹红土层的特征剩磁方向不稳定,极性变化频繁,难以准确划分出极性界线.岩石磁学的研究表明,均质红土与网纹红土的载磁矿物种类与含量不完全相同,原因在于沉积后强烈的网纹化作用,一方面使得原生碎屑磁性矿物发生转变,含量明显下降,另一方面形成了较多的次生磁性矿物,碎屑剩磁因此受到化学剩磁的严重干扰,导致常规方法获得的网纹红土的特征剩磁方向不可靠.据此我们认为在皖南网纹红土层内确定的B/M界线需要慎重对待.这一发现对其它南方网纹红土的古地磁测年也有参考意义.     

江西网纹红土工程地质研究现状及展望

网纹红土是长江中下游地区分布广泛的一种地基土。通过大量的关于网纹红土研究文献的阅读,综述了近年来江西网纹红土在工程地质方面已有的主要研究成果,提出了存在的问题和今后在工程地质方面的主要研究方向。江西网纹红土工程地质现状研究成果表明：高温湿润气候是网纹红土形成的环境条件;矿物成分以伊利石和高岭石类矿物为主;成因有水成、残积、风成之说;形成年代0.1-1.232 MaB.P;物理力学性质优于一般的黏性土。工程地质主要研究方向有：胀缩性、应力历史及力学性质优于其他黏性土的原因,建立适合确定江西网纹红土地基承载力与原位测试指标、物理性质指标的相关数学式,以解决实际的工程地质问题。     

洞庭盆地红土地层中网纹的成因探讨

在野外考察的基础上,运用化学全量分析、X射线衍射分析、红外光谱分析和扫描电镜微形貌分析等实验方法和手段,对洞庭盆地第四系红土地层中网纹的元素地球化学、矿物组合特征和微形貌特征进行了系统研究,对洞庭盆地红土地层中2种主要的网纹类型——蠕虫状网纹和根状网纹的成因进行了探讨。认为：土壤孔隙空间的形成和化学元素的迁移是网纹产生的2个必要条件。蠕虫状网纹孔隙空间的产生是由于地层静压力和地下水位季节性变化造成的,而根状网纹的孔隙空间则是植物根系腐烂分解后提供的。地下水和地表水强烈的淋溶作用使土壤中硅、铝、铁、锰等元素的迁移能力增强,土壤胶体粒子之间的化学反应,使得这些孔隙空间在后期逐渐被次生黏土矿物和石英所充填,最终,在洞庭盆地第四系红土地层中形成大量的蠕虫状和根状白色网纹。     

网纹红土水化作用强度研究

水化作用后的网纹红土强度演变研究对其污染修复具有重要意义。文章基于不同质量分数HCl、CaO和NaCl水化作用后的网纹红土直剪试验和扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)试验,探讨了水化作用后的网纹红土强度和微结构演化规律。研究结果表明:HCl、CaO和NaCl水化作用后的网纹红土呈现不同的特征和累积效应,低质量分数HCl水化作用可使土体强度和黏聚力增大,但当质量分数大于5.7%后可引起强度和黏聚力骤降,内摩擦角则表现为始终增大;经CaO水化作用后的土体强度参数则随着CaO质量分数的增大而增大,但质量分数大于3%后的变化值相对明显;而经NaCl水化作用后的强度参数总体呈现下降趋势,但当质量分数超过8.4%后,呈现平稳趋势。同时发现经NaCl、CaO和HCl污染后的网纹红土微结构特点不同,表明水化作用引起的宏观力学特征与其微结构变化密切相关,研究结果为污染网纹红土的修复提供了依据。     

中国南方红土沉积与环境变化研究

南方第四纪红土沉积是揭示该地区古环境变迁的良好信息载体,红土发育与构造变动、季风演化存在耦合.就第四纪红粘土的研究进展作了回顾,认为红土形成时代、成因、网纹化机制等方面的争议制约了红土地层学的发展,系统研究红土的沉积学、年代学、土壤学、生物气候学、地球化学特征,可以推动红土地层学的发展,并丰富全球变化的内容.     

宣城网纹红土成分与微结构的定量研究

网纹红土红色基质和白色网纹的成分和结构差异性影响并控制着工程特性。文章通过扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)实验和数字图像处理技术定量研究原状网纹红土的微孔隙特征,进而基于能量色散谱仪(energy dispersive spectrometer,EDS)和X射线衍射仪(X-ray diffractometer,XRD)分析了红色基质和白色网纹的化学成分和黏土矿物构成,以探讨网纹红土微结构和成分与其力学特征的内在联系。研究得出,网纹红土孔隙主要为小于0.5μm2面积的微孔隙,而面积超过50μm2的大孔隙则较少,但红色基质颗粒表面粗糙、棱角分明,主要由绿泥石/蒙脱石混层和伊利石以及少量的绿泥石和高岭石构成,而白色网纹颗粒则较为圆滑,由伊利石/蒙脱石混层和伊利石构成,且红色基质中Fe元素质量分数高于白色网纹,而两者中的Ti元素质量分数稳定。研究结果可为深入分析网纹红土工程特征提供依据。     

宣城网纹红土红白组分Fe、Mn、Al、Sr元素含量的变化特征及古气候意义

通过对宣城向阳第四纪网纹红土中红、白组分进行分离,并运用ICP-AES分别分析了红、白组分内Fe、Mn、Al、Sr四种元素的含量特征.结果发现,向阳剖面网纹红土中红、白组分的元素含量有明显的差异.其中白色组分铁含量较红色组分小,且随着深度的增加以及网纹化程度的增加,其含量与红色组分差别也加大.Mn元素在红、白组分内的总体差别不大.Al、Sr元素表现出了白色组分较红色组分小的特征,但这两种元素在白色组分内表现出随深度增加而呈现明显的类似"黄土-古土壤"序列的旋回变化特征.在红色组分内,Al、Sr元素随深度变化不大.     

中亚热带加积型红土粗粒组分磨圆度及物源意义

为探究粗粒组分对加积型红土物源的影响及其环境意义,选取中亚热带洞庭湖周边、鄱阳湖周边、皖浙地区24处加积型红土剖面145个样品,并对其粗粒组分(粒径63μm)开展粗粒矿物磨圆度特征研究,结果表明:1)加积型红土粗粒组分矿物磨圆度与矿物类型有关,棱角状和次棱角状矿物多为长英质碎屑;圆状和次圆状矿物多为赤褐铁矿、钛铁矿等.2)均质红土(HRC)、网纹红土(VRC)的圆度组合类型基本属"尖锥形",且与当地基岩风化物、湖滨风成砂山、河流沉积物样品的圆度组合类型一致;黄棕色土(YB)、网纹黄棕色土(VYB)的圆度组合类型略为复杂.3)以JL剖面为例,加积型红土粗粒组分圆度沿剖面自下而上波动增加,结合以洛川黄土和赣江流域梅江沉积物粗粒组分为端元的物源判别结果,网纹红土粗粒物质来自近源河湖沉积物,而黄棕色土粗粒物质中还混有远源粗颗粒物.     

南方红土磁化率特征及其古环境意义探讨

中国南方红土,由于沉积环境的复杂性和物质来源的多样性,其磁化率研究还存在一定的局限性和滞后性．对南方红土磁化率的研究表明,母岩和磁性颗粒物的粒度是控制红土磁化率变化的主导因素,而有机质和风化过程的存在使这种控制过程更加复杂．利用南方红土磁化率来进行古环境的重建和恢复目前争议较大,对红土形成机制及此过程中磁性矿物变化过程的深入研究将有助于解决这一争议．南方红土磁化率研究的系统化、定量化及标准剖面的建立是磁化率在南方古环境演化中起重要作用的关键所在．     

黄土高原晚第三纪红土的形态学和地球化学特征及其环境指示意义

对甘肃西峰地区晚第三纪红土和第四纪风成典型黄土的化学元素、矿物组成和矿物颗粒形态特征研究揭示出，该区红土下部（６．２ＭａＢ．Ｐ．前）是红化的土壤物质与其它物质一起经流水搬运再堆积的产物；中部（６．２Ｍａ～３．４ＭａＢ．Ｐ．）未发现再搬运的痕迹，是风尘堆积经风化和间歇性地下水位波动作用所形成的；上部（３．４～２．６ＭａＢ．Ｐ．）是典型的风尘堆积－土壤序列。由于干旱区的存在是黄土高原风尘堆积的前提条件     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that