微通道气体流动的格子波尔兹曼模拟

通过隐式格子波尔兹曼方程,并采用壁面平衡边界条件以及二阶关系,模拟了微通道气体流动中的非线性压力和壁面滑移速度,模拟结果与Arkilic的解析结果十分吻合,验证了格子波尔兹曼方法在滑移流区的有效性。     

微槽道内气体流动的数值模拟

基于微尺度流动的滑移模型,建立了二维微槽道内气体流动的计算方法,并开发了计算程序.对相关文献中微槽道内的气体流动进行了计算,得到了压力降和速度分布剖面图,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好.在此基础上,进一步研究了克努森数Kn、切向动量调节系数σv及雷诺数Re对速度分布的影响.当Kn>0.001时,边界滑移速度随着Kn的增大而增大;σv的变化对滑移速度的影响十分显著,σv减小时,边界滑移速度增大;在滑流区范围内与低Re时,Re的变化对边界滑移速度的影响很小.     

微通道入口处的摩擦因子与努塞尔数

针对具有均匀入口速度与温度剖面的微通道中的气体流动与传热，证明了在速度滑移与温度跳跃区。通道入口处的摩擦因子与努塞尔数为有限值，它们的具体数值依赖于克努森数以及壁面和气体分子间的动量和能量交换的完善程度，而和微通道的横截面形状无关。     

平直纳米通道内液体流动规律的分子动力学研究

采用分子动力学方法模拟了液体氩在宽度为20．4原子直径的平直通道内的三维Poiseuille流动,对液体在纳米通道内流动的速度分布以及速度滑移进行了研究．结果表明：在壁面附近,牛顿流体的速度分布二阶导数与流体粒子数密度分布的大小有关;无论疏水或亲水表面,在捕捉和分析流场时的网格足够细、分辨率足够高的情况下,流体在壁面处的速度等于0;根据速度滑移的定义和相关计算方法,温度为119．8K、比容为0.73×10^-3m3／kg的液体氩流过疏水表面时滑移长度为1—2原子直径,流过亲水表面时滑移长度为-0．4--0．7原子直径．     

用直接模拟Monte Carlo方法计算微通道的流动与换热

应用直接模拟Monte Carlo(DSMC)方法模拟了平行板微通道中进口流速较低时的气体流动，应用质量守恒来处理进出口的压力边界,所模拟流动的Knudsen数的范围是0．05～1．00，涉及了滑移区、过渡区和自由区,计算了来流与平板等温以及平板时称加热两种工况，揭示了压缩性与稀薄性对所研究微平行板通道中流动与换热的影响．研究结果表明：①随着Knudsen数增大，沿程压力变化的非线性逐渐减弱，沿程速度变化与温度变化都趋于平缓，速度滑移量和温度跳跃量增大；②沿程温度变化在进出口处较为明显；③气体在微通道内的换热主要集中在进出口处，在通道中部换热很弱。     

圆形微通道的热交换特性及其尺寸效应

基于圆形微通道的能量守恒及热传导方程,在考虑速度滑移和温度跳跃的情况下,利用逆解法得到了一个热充分发展的温度场计算式.根据定热流边界条件,推导了圆形微通道的努塞尔数和温度跳跃的新表达式.通过计算努塞尔数和对流换热系数,分析了圆形微通道的热交换特性及尺寸效应,对纯净水在圆形微通道中的换热性能进行了数值仿真.仿真结果表明:在滑移流范围内,随着管径减小,换热系数增大,流固界面的温度跳跃随着与入口端的距离增加而减小,从而验证了理论推导的正确性.     

耗散粒子动力学在流动数值模拟中的应用

对耗散粒子动力学方法在流动问题中的应用进行了理论及数值研究，给出了耗散流体粒子运动的控制方程组、边界条件、数值方法及随机数据统计方法等．提出用固壁粒子层结合流体粒子反弹运动的方法来处理固壁边界有滑移流动边界条件，有效地消除了目前耗散粒子动力学及分子动力学模型在固壁附近的粒子密度波动问题．利用该方法编程计算了2类流动问题：方腔驱动流动与泊肃叶流动，计算结果与现有的理论及数值结果比较吻合，验证了所采用的数学模型、计算方法在流动数值模拟中的可行性及潜在优势．     

微通道内气体流动参数化数值模拟

基于ANSYS Fluent软件,对微通道内气体在不同压力驱动下的流动做参数化数值模拟分析,得出不同克努森数(Kn)的通道出口截面速度分布图和质量流率,并将仿真结果和理论研究进行比较,分析微通道内气体流动特性与宏观流动的异同,研究稀薄气体效应.模拟结果表明:在微通道中,连续介质假设失效;当微系统特征尺度很小或者工作压力很小时,微通道内的气体具有较大的Kn,出现明显的稀薄气体效应;Kn越大,稀薄气体效应越强烈;稀薄气体效应导致固壁边界的滑移速度和质量流率变大.     

矩形微通道内滑移区气体流动换热的数值模拟

在等壁温边界条件下对矩形微细通道速度滑移区的对流换热进行了二维数值模拟、在一阶速度滑移和温度跳跃的边界条件下，计算出了通道内的速度和温度以及压力分布。比较了不同克努森数Kn对于滑移速度和跳跃温度的影响。结果表明，由于气体的稀薄性，压力呈现更加线性化减小的趋势，随着Kn的增加，通道入口与出口处的滑移速度和跳跃温度至现增加的趋势。在通道入口附近，气流速度和温度变化剧烈，而在出口处截面平均流速和温度随加的增加而降低．     

滑移流区任意截面微槽道内流动边界条件对流动特性的影响

通过正交函数法就滑移流区内任意截面形状的微槽道在二阶滑移和热蠕流流动边界条件下的流动和阻力特性进行了分析和计算,得到了微槽内的速度分布和阻力系数,并与相关实验结果进行了比较.结果表明,该方法的计算值与实验数据基本吻合;采用二阶滑移边界条件计算的阻力系数略大于一阶滑移边界条件下的计算值,而计入附加热蠕流边界条件时的阻力减小;边界条件的影响随Kn数增加而增大.为任意截面微槽内具有高阶滑移和热蠕流等复杂滑移边界条件下的流动特性计算提供了方法.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that