基于LMI的H_/H∞故障检测观测器设计

考虑未知输入信号的影响,研究了线性系统鲁棒故障检测观测器的设计问题。利用描述残差对故障灵敏度的H_指数和表示残差对未知输入鲁棒性的H∞范数,将鲁棒故障检测观测器的设计问题描述为基于H_/H∞的优化设计问题。利用线性矩阵不等式(linear matrix inequality, LMI)理论,给出故障检测观测器的存在条件,提出一种新的迭代LMI算法求解最优观测器增益。仿真结果表明,利用这种方法设计的故障检测观测器对故障的灵敏度高,对未知输入的鲁棒性强。     

部分转移概率未知的Markov跳变系统鲁棒故障检测

针对部分转移概率未知的Markov跳变系统,研究了其鲁棒故障检测问题,设计了该系统的线性全阶鲁棒故障检测观测器。将自由连接权矩阵引入鲁棒故障检测观测器系统进行证明推导,极大地降低了固定连接权矩阵带来的保守性。通过构造Lyapunov函数,推导得出一系列线性矩阵不等式以确保鲁棒故障检测观测器系统随机渐近稳定。在此基础上,证明并给出了观测器存在的充分条件。进一步,优化所设计的观测器。数值仿真表明,所设计的鲁棒故障检测观测器不仅对故障具有较高的灵敏度,而且能确保对未知干扰输入有较强的鲁棒性。     

基于未知输入观测器方法的非线性切换系统故障检测

基于非线性未知输入观测器方法对一类离散时间非线性切换系统的故障检测问题进行了研究。给出了两种不同结构的非线性未知输入观测器。针对每一种观测器都考虑了两种切换信号:任意时间切换信号和满足平均驻留时间的切换信号。在任意切换信号下,使用了切换Lyapunov函数的方法来设计非线性未知输入观测器的参数;在满足平均驻留时间切换信号下,使用了多Lyapunov函数方法进行观测器参数的设计。然后利用已知的非线性未知输入观测器,得到残差生成器,进而实现故障检测。通过数值仿真例子,验证了故障检测方法的有效性。     

连续广义系统的未知输入观测器研究

研究了在未知输入下连续广义系统的降阶观测器的设计方法,并讨论了观测器在故障检测中的应用。首先给出了连续估计器的存在条件,通过给原系统加微分反馈实现正则化,又通过解耦变换使得只有一个状态向量含有未知输入,利用其余两个不受未知输入影响的状态向量设计出观测器。然后,假设未知输入为故障信号的情况下,利用观测器的方法研究了连续广义系统的故障检测问题。仿真结果显示了满意的估计性能。     

基于主导子系统的非线性系统鲁棒故障诊断

针对非线性不确定系统的故障诊断问题,提出了一种基于主导子系统的自适应模糊观测器设计方法。利用主导子系统的观测器增益矩阵进行模糊观测器的设计,并推导出了系统状态估计误差有界的条件以及故障估计所要满足的自适应算法。另外,考虑到系统带有建模不确定,对故障检测的鲁棒性和灵敏度进行了分析。给出的仿真示例说明所提出的方法是有效的。     

基于鲁棒故障诊断LPV模型的舰载QUAV跟踪控制

设计适用于外部干扰抑制的无人机鲁棒故障检测与跟踪控制系统。首先,将舰载四旋翼直升机(quad-roto unmanned aerial vehicle, QUAV)建模为线性变参数系统(linear variable parameter system, LPVs),作为目标来进行系统设计。同时,为了进行故障检测和隔离,设计了一个强大的LPVs观测器,利用一组可行线性矩阵不等式(linear matrix inequalities, LMI)给出保证系统渐近稳定和抗干扰鲁棒性的充分条件。此外,基于LMI区域的极点配置考虑观测器的增益设计。然后,通过观测器库考虑故障检测和隔离方案,检测和隔离传感器故障。其次,通过考虑比较器集成控制方案对反馈控制器进行设计。目标是设计鲁棒控制器,使QUAV无偏差跟踪设定位置。最后,通过在模拟模型中,对算法的有效性进行实验验证。     

一类不确定时延网络控制系统的故障诊断

研究了具有不确定时延的网络控制系统的故障诊断问题。通过建模将一类具有不确定时延的网络控制系统等效为具有不确定性的离散线性系统,并构建了故障观测器对系统进行故障检测。基于线性矩阵不等式(LMI)的方法,将故障诊断问题转化为系统鲁棒性的设计问题,给出并证明了解存在的条件以及观测器增益矩阵的求解方法。最后通过仿真验证了该算法的有效性。     

一类线性时滞系统的未知输入观测器设计

以一类线性时滞系统为研究对象,研究了当观测误差与未知输入完全解耦时的未知输入观测器设计问题。基于时滞系统Lyapunov稳定性方法,给出了指数稳定未知输入观测器的存在条件。基于这一条件,提出了含有内部时滞与不含有内部时滞两种观测器的设计问题。通过求解线性矩阵不等式给出了所提观测器的设计方法。给出了两种情形下的观测器设计算法。数值例子说明了提出的设计方法的有效性。     

线性时滞系统的鲁棒故障诊断

研究了一类含有未知输入干扰和模型不确定性的时滞系统故障诊断问题。通过变换,原系统被分成两个子系统,一个子系统不受故障的影响,可以设计鲁棒观测器;另一个子系统受到故障的影响,但是它的状态可以通过测量得到。设计的观测器利用解析冗余方法能够对执行器故障和传感器故障进行诊断。仿真结果表明,算法具有良好的诊断性能。     

基于Simulink的实时故障检测

提出一种基于观测器的在线动态系统故障检测快速生成方案,利用NetCon系统实现控制器与故障检测系统运行在同一个智能节点上,使得残差的生成与系统的性能联系起来,实现不仅能监控系统的运行情况,还能完成故障检测的功能,同时能够避免闭环控制对故障检测的影响。针对一个实际的伺服电机,是进行离线辨识获得电机的模型;设计一个输出估计器——动态观测器,生成残差信号;通过离线仿真和在线实验证实该方案的有效性,完成从理论到实验仿真,再到实际运用的系统开发过程。     

Observer-based fault detection scheme for a class of discrete time-delay systems

In this contribution, robust fault detection problems for discrete time-delay systems with l2-norm bounded unknown inputs are studied. The basic idea of our study is first to introduce a state-memoryless observer-based fault detection filter (FDF) as the residual generator and then to formulate such a FDF design problem as an Hen optimization problem in the sense of increasing the sensitivity of residual to the faults, while simultaneously enhancing the robustness of residual to unknown input as well as plant input. The main results consist of the formulation of such a residual generation optimization problem, solvability conditions and the derivation of an analytic solution. The residual evaluation problem is also considered, which includes the determination of residual evaluation function and threshold. A numerical example is used to demonstrate the proposed fault detection scheme.     

Fault detection based on H∞ states observer for networked control systems

The influence of random short time-delay to networked control systems (NCS) is changed into an unknown bounded uncertain part. Without changing the structure of the system, an H∞ states observer is designed for NCS with short time-delay. Based on the designed states observer, a robust fault detection approach is proposed for NCS. In addition, an optimization method for the selection of the detection threshold is introduced for better tradeoff between the robustness and the sensitivity. Finally, some simulation results demonstrate that the presented states observer is robust and the fault detection for NCS is effective.     

Fault detection based on H∞ states observer for networked control systems

The influence of random short time-delay to networked control systems (NCS) is changed into an unknown bounded uncertain part. Without changing the structure of the system, an H∞ states observer is designed for NCS with short time-delay. Based on the designed states observer, a robust fault detection approach is proposed for NCS. In addition, an optimization method for the selection of the detection threshold is introduced for better tradeoff between the robustness and the sensitivity. Finally, some simulation results demonstrate that the presented states observer is robust and the fault detection for NCS is effective.     

线性状态多时滞系统鲁棒故障诊断滤波器设计

研究一类具有外部扰动的不确定线性时滞系统的鲁棒故障诊断滤波器设计问题。通过引入一种广义坐标变换,使得线性连续状态多时滞系统变为输出灌入(outputinjection)系统;据此,引入一种体现残差对故障信号具有灵敏性同时对不确定性扰动具有鲁棒性的性能指标,应用H∞最优控制理论,借助线性矩阵不等式(LMI)技术设计系统的状态全维鲁棒故障诊断滤波器,并给出该滤波器问题解的存在条件和求解算法。最后给出一个仿真算例,仿真结果表明了该算法的有效性和可行性。     

Robust H∞ controller design for a class of nonlinear fuzzy time-delay systems

The problem of fuzzy modeling for state and input time-delays systems with a class of nonlinear uncertainties by fuzzy T-S model is addressed. By using the linear matrix inequality (LMI) method, the problem of fuzzy robust H∞ controller design for the system is studied. Assuming that the nonlinear uncertain functions in the model considered are gain-bounded, a sufficient condition for the robustly asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system is obtained via Lyapunov stability theory. By solving the LMI, a feedback control law which guarantees the robustly asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system is constructed and the effect of the disturbance input on the controlled output is ruduced to a prescribed level.