重楼活性单体PP-26抑制结肠癌SW620细胞增殖并诱导细胞凋亡

目的:探讨重楼活性单体PP-26对人结肠癌SW620细胞增殖抑制作用及其机制.方法:采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法和克隆形成抑制实验观察不同浓度的重楼单体PP-26对人结肠癌SW620细胞增殖抑制作用;PI单染及Annexin V-FITC/PI双染流式细胞术检测细胞周期变化及细胞凋亡水平;Western blotting检测PP-26对细胞周期、细胞凋亡相关蛋白以及Akt和ERK蛋白的表达.结果:与正常肝LO2细胞相比,重楼单体PP-26能显著抑制SW620细胞的生长,作用呈剂量-效应关系;随着PP-26浓度的增加,细胞克隆形成逐渐减少,与细胞对照组相比有显著差异;不同浓度PP-26作用后,细胞阻滞于G1期;PP-26作用细胞24 h后,CDK4、CDK6表达下降,P15、cyclin D1表达增加;不同浓度PP-26作用后,细胞晚期凋亡率增加,随浓度增加有上升趋势;PP-26作用细胞24 h后,线粒体相关凋亡信号通路蛋白Caspase-9、Caspase-3表达下降,PARP切割条带增加,细胞促凋亡蛋白Bax的表达增加,抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2和Bcl-x L减少,p-Akt和p-ERK蛋白表达均下降.结论:重楼活性单体PP-26通过上调p15促进结肠癌SW620细胞阻滞于G1期,通过抑制P13K/Akt信号通路及ERK信号通路,活化线粒体凋亡通路,诱导细胞凋亡.     

人类T型钙通道α1G和α1H亚单位基因在细胞增殖中的功能

已经发现T型钙通道的表达与细胞增殖关系密切，然而T型钙通道的表达是细胞增殖的原因还是结果有待进一步研究．利用过量表达人类T型钙通道α_1G和α_1H亚单位基因 （CACNA1G和CACNA1H） 的HEK-293细胞研究了这两种基因在细胞增殖中的直接作用．通过RT-PCR和标准全细胞膜片钳记录分别从mRNA转录水平和T型钙通道蛋白功能水平验证了α_1G和α_1H亚单位基因的过量表达；从生长曲线分析得到了细胞群体倍增时间，HEK_α1G ⁺细胞为（13.7±0.3）h，HEK_α1H ⁺细胞为（14.0±0.4）h，都短于对照HEK-293细胞的（22.1±1.1）h.流式细胞分析结果表明，在稳定转染细胞处于S期的细胞百分率比对照HEK-293细胞高，相反地处于G₁期的百分率比对照HEK-293细胞低．结果表明，T型钙通道α_1G和α_1H亚单位基因的过量表达都能显著促进细胞增殖，这一作用可以被T型钙通道特异性阻断剂mibefradil抑制．Western杂交结果提示了T型钙通道的过量表达是通过提高与细胞周期有关的蛋白质（CDK2，cyclin A和 cyclin E）的表达水平刺激了细胞周期的进程从而促进细胞增殖．     

白凤菜总黄酮对肝癌HepG2细胞生长、增殖和凋亡的影响

研究了白凤菜(Gynura formosana Kitam.)总黄酮(TFG)对肝癌HepG2细胞的生长、增殖和凋亡的影响.噻唑兰(MTT)实验结果表明TFG对HepG2细胞体外增殖的抑制作用有浓度和时间依赖效应:处理24h后130和260μg/mL TFG实验组的HepG2细胞凋亡率均显著升高,分别达到(47.00±1.31)%和(76.39±1.39)%(p0.05);24h的半抑制质量浓度(IC50)为190.80μg/mL.实验组HepG2细胞周期阻滞在S期,细胞迁移率随TFG质量浓度的升高而下降,细胞内活性氧(ROS)水平最终显著下降至对照组的6.9%(p0.05),细胞中Bax表达量略微上调而Bcl-2表达量明显下调.综上,TFG抑制肝癌HepG2细胞增殖和诱导HepG2细胞凋亡的机制可能与下调细胞ROS水平、重构细胞内还原体系、上调促凋亡蛋白Bax以及下调凋亡抑制蛋白Bcl-2表达相关.     

KLF4沉默与阿霉素诱导的DNA损伤协同抑制肝癌HepG2细胞的生长

探究KLF4沉默与经不同作用浓度阿霉素处理诱导的DNA损伤对肝癌HepG2细胞增殖凋亡的影响及其作用机制.应用RNA干扰技术,采用siRNA转染HepG2细胞以沉默KLF4基因.采用MTT法检测KLF4沉默前后对HepG2细胞增殖的影响,使用流式细胞术检测KLF4沉默前后对HepG2细胞周期变化影响,应用Western blot法检测转染前后HepG2细胞中KLF4蛋白及细胞周期相关蛋白表达变化.Western blot检测到高浓度的阿霉素促进KLF4的表达,并且低浓度的阿霉素可使得细胞停滞在G2/M期,高浓度的阿霉素则使部分细胞凋亡(19.31%).将KLF4沉默后,发现细胞生长变缓,低浓度的阿霉素处理后,细胞随时间增加而出现更多的细胞凋亡;高浓度的阿霉素处理后,细胞数明显减少,更多的细胞发生凋亡(28.89%),且在KLF4沉默前后均发现低浓度阿霉素促进p53与p21表达,高浓度阿霉素抑制其表达.阿霉素诱导的DNA损伤可提高KLF4的表达,KLF4依赖于DNA损伤激活的p53促进p21的表达,进而引起G1/S期细胞周期阻滞.沉默KLF4与阿霉素诱导的DNA损伤可协同抑制肝癌细胞的增殖、促进凋亡,其在肝癌细胞 HepG2中扮演十分重要的角色.     

Mcl-1反义寡核苷酸对肝癌细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

目的:探讨髓样细胞白血病-1(Mcl-1)反义寡核苷酸(ASODN)对肝癌HepG2细胞增殖及凋亡的影响。方法:将Mcl-1 ASODN转染入体外培养的肝癌HepG2细胞。用WST-8法检测不同浓度的Mcl-1 ASODN对HepG2细胞增殖抑制率;用流式细胞仪检测Mcl-1 ASODN对HepG2细胞周期和凋亡的影响,用Hoechst33258染色在荧光显微镜下观察HepG2细胞凋亡的形态学改变。结果:Mcl-1 ASODN作用HepG2细胞48 h后,与空白对照组(blankcontrol)和随机寡核苷酸(RODN)对照组相比,Mcl-1 ASODN组能明显抑制肝癌HepG2细胞的增殖和诱导其凋亡(P<0.05),Mcl-1 ASODN组细胞出现S期明显的阻滞;Hoechst33258染色可见大量的细胞核固缩,核碎裂。结论:Mcl-1 ASODN能抑制肝癌细胞的增殖,诱导细胞凋亡。     

苏尼替尼对HeLa细胞中的CDK4的影响

以不同浓度的Sutent作用于HeLa细胞,采用MTT法检测Sutent对HeLa细胞增殖的影响.流式细胞术检测Sutent对HeLa细胞周期的影响;Western免疫印迹检测不同浓度的Sutent对HeLa细胞中CDK4蛋白表达的变化;探讨苏尼替尼(Sutent)对HeLa细胞中CDK4的影响.结果表明Sutent能够抑制HeLa细胞的增殖,引起HeLa细胞发生G2期周期阻滞,并且呈浓度依赖性降低HeLa细胞中CDK4蛋白表达量.显示了Sutent作为多靶点药物在药物研发中具有潜在的重要的研究价值.     

重组腺病毒Canstatin对人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖影响的研究

为研究重组腺病毒Canstatin感染人肝癌HepG2细胞及细胞转染后Canstatin在HepG2细胞中的表达,探讨Canstatin基因对人肝癌HepG2细胞生长增殖的影响。采用不同感染复数(MOI=10、40、80)的腺病毒Ad-Canstatin-GFP感染HepG2细胞,倒置荧光显微镜下观察细胞形态,流式检测感染效率,Real-Time PCR和Western blot法检测HepG2细胞中Canstatin mRNA和蛋白表达。CCK-8法检测细胞增殖能力的变化,Western blot法检测细胞中PCNA蛋白的表达。结果显示MOI为40时,72 h感染率可达到98.9%,HepG2细胞中Canstatin mRNA和蛋白表达均高于对照组和空载体组(P0.05)。HepG2细胞感染Ad-Canstatin腺病毒后生长增殖受到抑制(P0.05),且PCNA的表达低于对照组(P0.05)。由此可知,Canstatin抑制人肝癌HepG2细胞的生长增殖有作用可能与影响PCNA的表达有关。     

Silibinin induces apoptosis in human hepatoma HepG2 cells and enhances its chemo-sensitivity

目的:探讨水飞蓟宾诱导人肝癌HepG2细胞凋亡并提高5-FU、顺铂的敏感性.方法:采用MTT法和克隆形成抑制实验观察不同浓度的水飞蓟宾对人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖抑制作用;Hoechst 33258染色法检测水飞蓟宾作用于人肝癌HepG2细胞后其细胞核形态的改变;Western blotting检测凋亡相关蛋白(Caspase-3,Caspase-9)的表达;采用水飞蓟宾联合5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)、顺铂(DDP),观察对人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖抑制作用.结果:MTT法检测显示,水飞蓟宾对肝癌HepG2细胞有明显的增殖抑制作用,并随着水飞蓟宾浓度的增大而增强,作用于肝癌HepG2细胞48h的IC50为195.38 μmol/L;克隆形成抑制实验表明随着水飞蓟宾药物浓度的增加,细胞克隆形成逐渐减少,与对照组相比有显著差异;其细胞核固缩、边聚、裂解等细胞凋亡形态学变化;存在Caspase-3和Caspase-9蛋白的活化和降解;150 μmol/L的水飞蓟宾与不同质量浓度的化疗药物(5-FU,DDP)联合作用于HepG2细胞48h,可提高HepG2细胞对这些化疗药物的敏感性,增敏倍数分别为39.63和21.54倍.结论:水飞蓟宾通过诱导人肝癌HepG2细胞凋亡抑制细胞增殖,并提高HepG2细胞对5-FU,DDP的敏感性.     

基于PD-L1蛋白调控的五味子酚对肝细胞癌细胞增殖的影响

目的 探究五味子酚(Schisanhenol)对肝细胞癌细胞增殖及作用机制的影响。方法 将HepG2细胞分为空白对照组和五味子酚3、10、30μmol/L 3个浓度组。应用Western Blot检测HepG2细胞PD-L1蛋白表达;通过免疫荧光试验进一步检测五味子酚对PD-L1蛋白表达的影响;通过集落试验观察HepG2细胞的增殖情况。结果 HepG2细胞PD-L1蛋白表达结果显示,3、10、30μmol/L五味子酚均可显著抑制PD-L1蛋白表达(P<0.05或P<0.01),且抑制效果呈剂量依赖性;免疫荧光试验和集落试验结果显示,30μmol/L五味子酚对HepG2细胞增殖有显著的抑制作用(P<0.01)。结论 五味子酚通过调节PD-L1蛋白表达抑制肝细胞癌细胞HepG2增殖。     

青风藤正丁醇萃取物对肝癌细胞增殖影响的研究

为验证青风藤正丁醇萃取物(BESA)体外抗肝癌活性,研究了BESA对人肝癌细胞株HepG2、SMMC-7721形态变化、细胞周期、细胞凋亡和细胞增殖的影响。结果显示BESA对HepG2、SMMC-7721肝癌细胞均有抑制作用,其半数抑制浓度(IC50)分别为18.23μg/m L,23.45μg/m L,且呈剂量效应关系;经BESA处理后,HepG2细胞形态变化很大,细胞出现核皱缩、贴壁性差、细胞裂解等现象,以20μg/m L的BESA处理HepG2细胞48 h后,流式细胞术检测到BESA对HepG2细胞周期的干预能力不强;但在诱发HepG2细胞发生凋亡方面效果明显,说明BESA能诱导HepG2细胞的凋亡达到抑制肿瘤细胞增殖的作用。     

Partial inhibition of CDK4 gene expression leads to the extension of G1 phase of V79-8 cells

V79-8 is an abnormal cell line which does not have detectable G1 and G2 phases in its cell cycle. This cell line is derived from V79 cell line which has Gl phase but lacks G2 phase. By using an anti-sense approach, CDK4 gene expression was partially inhibited to find whether CDK4 might contribute to the lack of Gl phase in V79-8 cells. Anti-CDK4 anti-sense plasmid was constructed and used to transfect V79-8 cells. Clones of transfected cells (V79-8-asCDK4) were examined, in comparison with V79-8 cells, to determine its growth curve, cell doubling-time (GT), the level of CDK4 gene expression and the levels of expression of some other growth related genes. V79-8-asCDK4 cells showed a slower growth rate with a doubling time 2.5-h longer than that of V79-8 cells. A flow cytometry (FCM) analysis demonstrated that the 2.5 h increase of the doubling time of V79-8-asCDK4 cells was mainly due to the appearance of Gl phase because its G2 + M phase was not significantly different from that of V79-8 cells. The decrease of CDK4 gene expression in V79-8-asCDK4 cells was shown by Northern-blot. Changes in the expression levels of the growth-related genes TGF-β, cyclin D1 and Rb were also detected in V79-8-asCDK4 cells. CDK4 functions mainly in G1 and at the transition between G1 and S phases. Expression of an anti-sense CDK4 gene fragment reduces the levels of endogenous CDK4, CDK4/cyclinD kinase activity and the phosphorylation of Rb. These events may postpone the inactivation of the check-point leading to the delay of entry into S phase and the reappearance of G1 phase in V79-8-asCDK4 cells.     

抑癌基因p27在肿瘤细胞MCF7中的表达

抑癌基因p27是一个细胞周期依赖性激酶抑制子CKI(CDK inhibitor),对细胞周期起着负调控的作用,将p27基因克隆到表达载体pcDNA,转染到肿瘤细胞MCF7中,筛选到稳定表达株．p27基因的过量表达确实对肿瘤细胞的生长产生了抑制作用,并且引发了部分肿瘤细胞的凋亡．     

Effects of enhancing p21 waf1 on proliferation and expression of G1cyclins andCDKs in human breast cancer cells

The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21( waf1/cip1/sdil) is an important negative regulator in control of cell cycle. Its functions of inhibiting cancer cell growth and its effects on expression of G1 phase cyclins and related CDKs are a worthy topic for study. The plasmid expressing p2l with high level was transformed to human breast cancer cells, and the expression of p2l in cells was enhanced, then the cell growth rate, anchorage-independent growth and tu-morigenecity were tested, at the same time the expression levels of cyclinD1, CDK4, cyclinE and CDK2 were analyzed by Northern blot. The results showed that since the expression of p21 was enhanced in the cell, the rate of cell growth and anchorage-independent growth was inhibited, tumorigenecity was suppressed, the level of expression of cyclinE and CDK2 decreased while that of cyclinDl and CDK4 was not affected. It is suggested that the enhanced expression of p21 markedly inhibits the proliferation and lessens the tumorigenecity of breast cancer cells, and that p2l expression is not related to that of cyclinDl and CDK4, but affects the expression of cyclinE and CDK2 .     

百草枯对人肝HepG2细胞生长和周期的影响

为全面理解百草枯(PQ)对人肝的毒性效应,寻找新的方法增强肝对PQ的解毒能力,本文采用显微观察和流式细胞术分析了PQ处理24h对人肝HepG2细胞生长和周期的影响.结果显示,7.21mg/L的PQ处理即可抑制部分HepG2细胞的生长,23.36mg/L的PQ可导致HepG2细胞周期停滞,S期细胞明显减少、G1和G2期细胞明显增多,且细胞生长抑制和周期受阻程度与PQ处理浓度呈正相关.该结果表明,PQ对HepG2细胞的生长和周期具有明显阻滞作用,生长因子类或促增殖类药物可能有助于增强人肝对PQ的解毒能力.     

DCN调控TGF-βRII高表达抑制HepG2细胞增殖分子机制研究

目的 探讨DCN通过TGF-β信号通路抑制肿瘤细胞增殖的分子机制.方法 应用质粒转染方法诱导HepG2细胞高表达核心蛋白聚糖,应用siRNA法抑制核心蛋白聚糖表达,应用Western blot法检测HepG细胞TGF-β信号通路相关因子表达,最终用MTT法检测细胞增殖.结果 DCN通过增高TGF-βRII的表达,引起TGF-βRI磷酸化程度增高,诱导p15蛋白表达增高,与对照组比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 DCN最终抑制HepG2细胞的增殖;使用siRNA沉默TGF-βRII可减弱DCN对HepG2细胞增殖的抑制作用.     

Deregulated cyclin E induces chromosome instability.

Cyclin E, a regulatory subunit of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2), is an important regulator of entry into S phase in the mammalian cell cycle. In normal dividing cells, cyclin E accumulates at the G1/S-phase boundary and is degraded as cells progress through S phase. However, in many human tumours cyclin E is overexpressed and the levels of protein and kinase activity are often deregulated relative to the cell cycle. It is not understood how alterations in expression of cyclin E contribute to tumorigenesis. Here we show that constitutive cyclin-E overexpression in both immortalized rat embryo fibroblasts and human breast epithelial cells results in chromosome instability (CIN). In contrast, analogous expression of cyclin D1 or A does not increase the frequency of CIN. Cyclin-E-expressing cells that exhibit CIN have normal centrosome numbers. However, constitutive overexpression of cyclin E impairs S-phase progression, indicating that aberrant regulation of this process may be responsible for the CIN observed. These results indicate that downregulation of cyclin-E/Cdk2 kinase activity following the G1/S-phase transition may be necessary for the maintenance of karyotypic stability.     

环境中有机磷酸酯阻燃剂（TDCP、TECP、TCPP）对人胚肾细胞（HEK293）的影响(英)

水环境中的微污染物有机磷酸酯如三(2-氯乙基)磷酸酯(TCEP)、三(2-氯-异丙基)磷酸酯(TCPP)和三(1,3-二氯丙基)磷酸酯(TDCP)主要用作聚氨酯泡沫塑料的阻燃剂。物理、化学和生物处理很难完全消除这些污染物。本研究的目的是研究阻燃剂在环境水平和较高浓度下对人细胞系的细胞毒性和细胞周期效应。结果表明,在浓度为0.001 mg/L和0.01mg/L时,只有TDCP具有轻微的细胞毒性,而当这三种化学物质浓度100 mg/L以上时对细胞毒性有显著的诱导作用。TCEP和TCPP的EC50分别为276.8 mg/L和58.4mg/L。三种药物均能抑制CDK 4的表达,TDCP能增加CDK 2和cyclin E的表达,而TCEP和TCPP在CDK 2和cyclin E的表达上表现出自差现象。TDCP和TCEP使细胞数量减少,细胞形态发生改变。可见三种化学物质对HEK 293细胞的杀伤作用可能是通过抑制CDK 4调节蛋白而产生的。     

肝癌细胞株HepG2的G1期、G2/M期细胞蛋白质组表达差异的研究

通过TdR(胸腺嘧啶核苷)调控人肝癌细胞株HepG2的细胞周期,运用双向电泳-图像分析-质谱技术研究肝癌细胞株HepG2的G1期、G2/M期全细胞蛋白质组表达的差异,探索参与肝癌细胞株HepG2的G1期、G2/M期调控相关的蛋白.以TdR诱导肝癌细胞株HepG2,分别得到同步化的G1期、G2/M期细胞,流式细胞术检测.采用比较蛋白质组学的研究技术(双向电泳、质谱分析)筛选G1期、G2/M期差异表达的蛋白质.结果流式细胞术检测显示TdR诱导后,分别获得(63.62±2.82)%的G2/M期同步化细胞,(75.24±0.17)%的G1期同步化细胞,通过双向电泳-图像分析-质谱技术得到21个差异表达的蛋白.其中G2/M期表达,G1期未见表达有10种蛋白;存在三倍以上的差异点11个:2种在G2期表达上调,9种在G1期表达上调.说明TdR阻断法能够获得很好的同步化细胞.质谱鉴定得到的这些差异表达的蛋白质涉及到细胞周期调控、DNA结合、转录调控、mRNA剪接、肽链合成起始、折叠以及细胞代谢等方面.     

Cyclin/PCNA is the auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase-delta

Identification of the cellular proteins whose expression is regulated during the cell cycle in normal cells is essential for understanding the mechanisms involved in the control of cell proliferation. A nuclear protein called cyclin of relative molecular mass 36,000 (Mr 36K), whose synthesis correlates with the proliferative state of the cell, has been identified in several cell types of human, mouse, hamster and avian origin. The rate of cyclin synthesis is very low in quiescent cells and increases several fold after serum stimulation shortly before DNA synthesis. Immunofluorescence and autoradiography studies have shown that the nuclear staining patterns of cyclin during S phase have a sequential order of appearance and a clear correlation can be found between DNA synthesis and cyclin positive nuclei. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclin have many common properties and it has been shown that these two are identical. Recently a protein which is required by DNA polymerase-delta for its catalytic activity with templates having low primer/template ratios has been isolated from calf thymus. We report here that cyclin and the auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase-delta are identical.