基于样本划分的启发式遗传BP算法

遗传算法作为一种模拟生物遗传进化过程的随机搜索算法,具有并行和全局搜索能力、不要求函数可导等特点,在神经网络学习中得到广泛应用.合理选择初始群体和控制搜索的盲目性,有利于提高算法的效率.为此,提出了一种新的神经网络学习算法--基于样本划分的启发式遗传BP算法.该方法对神经网络学习样本进行划分,形成样本子集.初始群体通过在样本集类上训练神经网络而获得.这些初始网络中包含了关于样本子集的有用信息,根据模式定理,能通过遗传算法保留和加强.此外,提出并证明了关于样本集类及其BP训练的几个代数性质,结合子空间划分进行启发式搜索,以克服搜索的盲目性.对上述方法进行仿真实验,迭代次数和误差较小,表明本学习算法是切实可行的.     

GA-ANN算法在产品质量估计中的应用

针对反向传播（ＢＰ）算法,径向基函数（ＲＢＦ）算法的不足,提出了基于遗传算法（ＧＡ）确定神经网络构或权值的进化神经网络算法（简称ＧＡ－ＡＮＮ算法）。在产品质量估计仿真研究中表明,该算法不需试凑而取得较好的网络结构和参数。     

基于差分进化算法的神经网络优化设计

【目的】研究解决传统神经网络手动设计网络结构的局限性,并探究差分进化算法对神经网络优化的有效性。【方法】提出了一种基于差分进化算法的多层前馈神经网络的优化设计方案,用以同时完成神经网络的权值空间和网络结构空间的搜索,给出不同场景下的最优网络结构。该算法采用（1+1）-ES二元进化策略,使用一种新的网络结构交叉和变异方法,通过双种群结构共同进化及自适应变异率等策略加快网络结构的搜索以及算法的收敛。【结果】在预测、分类等问题中,基于差分进化算法的神经网络优化设计能够较好地搜索到最优的神经网络结构,并与传统的BP神经网络以及经典的预测分类算法进行比较,实验结果具有较强的鲁棒性。【结论】基于差分进化算法的神经网络优化设计是解决网络结构寻优问题的有效方法。     

基于遗传算法的神经网络学习算法研究

为了克服神经网络结构和参数设计的随机性及依赖于人的经验的缺点,提出了一种改进的基于遗传算法的BP神经网络学习算法。该算法结合了神经网络的快速并行性和遗传算法的全局搜索性,首先利用遗传算法对神经网络结构、初始连接权和阈值以及学习率和动量因子进行全面进化设计,在解空间中定位出较好的搜索空间,然后在进化神经网络中用训练样本再次寻优。通过利用该算法对XOR问题求解,证明了该算法的有效性,其收敛速度和精度均优于基本BP算法和附加动量项的BP算法。     

基于遗传算法的神经网络结构优化

介绍了遗传算法的基本原理,然后利用遗传算法优化神经网络结构,形成以遗传算法与神经网络相结合的进化神经网络.经验证可知,该算法具有一定的可行性与有效性.     

递阶结构进化神经网络在故障诊断中的应用

主要研究进化神经网络在旋转机械故障诊断中的应用 ,提出了一种基于递阶结构的遗传算法与进化规划相结合的神经网络学习新算法 ,利用该算法可以同时对网络进行结构优化和权重求解。通过旋转机械故障分类应用实例 ,与传统的 BP训练算法作了比较 ,证明基于递阶结构的进化神经网络算法不仅在权重训练方面比传统 BP训练算法更加快速稳定 ,避免陷入局部极小点 ,而且同时对网络结构进行了优化 ,得到了结构更为简捷的旋转机械故障分类网络     

径向基概率神经网络的结构优化算法研究

径向基概率神经网络（RBPNN）是在径向基函数神经网络（RBFNN）和概率神经网络（PNN）的基础上发展起来的一种新型的前馈神经网络（FNN）模型。该网络模型充分吸收了径向基函数神经网络和概率神经网络的优点,这种新的模型具有计算复杂度低、收敛速度快等优点。本文深入研究了径向基概率神经网络的结构优化算法,在遗传结构优化方法的基础上,提出一种新的两步学习算法,基于遗传算法的梯度学习算法。该算法一方面优化了网络结构,使网络结构尽可能的精简,另一方面有效地提高了网络的推广能力。     

基于遗传算法的BP网络在机车滚动轴承故障诊断中的应用

提出一种遗传算法（GA）和BP算法结合的神经网络模型优化方案。首先采用自适应交叉概率和变异概率的遗传算法优化BP网络的权值,在进化结束时,能够寻到全局最优点附近的点;在遗传算法搜索结果的基础上,利用局部寻优能力较强的BP算法,从此点出发,进行局部搜索,进而达到网络的训练目标。在铁路机车滚动轴承诊断方面,利用MATLAB仿真实验结果表明,遗传算法与BP算法结合的模型诊断精度为100%,标准BP算法的模型诊断进度为80%,并且提高了网络的收敛速度。说明GA—BP算法模型诊断精度较高,诊断能力得到了改进,遗传算法与BP算法的结合算法可行有效。     

基于神经网络的遗传算法优化及其应用

遗传算法是1种模拟自然进化而提出的简单、高效的组合优化算法.研究了磷酸羟胺制备过程中羟胺反应效率的优化问题,该过程由于其反应动力学的固有复杂性而无法建模.表明结合神经网络理论,遗传算法可以有效地解决这一过程的寻优问题.     

基于改进差分进化算法的RBF神经网络优化方法

提出了一种新的RBF神经网络训练方法——改进差分进化算法,并用改进差分进化优化的神经网络对非线性系统进行逼近.采用改进差分进化算法对RBF神经网络的中心值、宽度和权值进行了优化.仿真实验结果表明,改进的差分进化算法具有比遗传算法更强的非线性系统逼近能力.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.