SYNTHESIS AND LIGHTFASTNESS PROPERTIES OF DYES CONTAINING HINDERED PIPERIDINE RESIDUES AS INTERNAL STABILIZING GROUPS

The representative azo and anthraquinone dyes containing an insulated hindered piperidinegroup were synthesized.The effect of these pendent groups on lightfastness properties of the dyeswas studied,both in ethyl acetate solution and on cellulose acetate and polyester films.The differ-ent trend of fading rates of azo dyes and anthraquinone dyes in solution and on substrates suggestsdifferent fading mechanisms operating in each case.     

Study on Dyeing of a Novel,Pro-environment Polylactic Acid （PLA） Fiber Yarn

Seventeen disperse dyes including anthraquinone, azo, methine, nitro, and quinoline dyes were applied to dye the Polylactic Acid （PLA） yarns at different conditions, and the dyebath exhaustion was determined. The result shows that C.I. disperse red 167, C.I. disperse orange 30, and C.I. disperse blue 284 have dye-uptakes greater than 80%. Therefore, they can be used as the three principal dyes for PLA yams. The experiment discovered that the dyes, because of their Monoazo and ester group contents, have a higher dye-uptake for the PLA fiber. The research on the optimization of dyeing techniques suggests that PLA yarn can obtain a high level of dyeing effectiveness at the following conditions： pH 4- 5, dyeing temperture 110℃ for 30- 40 min. Color fastness to perspiration, and waterwashing fastness increased 1 - 1.5 by the addition of the abstergent FB during the reduction clearing.     

锦纶纤维活性染料染色条件探讨

采用毛用和棉用活性染料对锦纶纤维染色,详细讨论了染色温度、染浴pH值、染色和皂洗方法对染色深度和固色率的影响,分析了不同类型的活性染料对染色条件的敏感性。活性染料对锦纶纤维的染色深度、固着率和固着效率受温度、pH值、染料母体结构和活性基的影响很大。毛用活性染料更适合于锦纶纤维的染色,普通乙烯砜硫酸酯及乙烯砜硫酸酯/一氯均三嗪染料可有选择性地加以使用,毛用活性染料合适的染色pH值约为4,其它染料适用的pH值因品种而异.采用酸性染色或先酸性后碱性的染色条件均可,后者的优点是固着效率高,但染色深度未见提高,染色后采用碱性条件皂洗有利于染色深度的提高.     

几种含二茂铁基染料的合成

设计合成了５个含二茂铁基的萘酰亚胺类、蒽醌类、偶氮类染料，通过核磁共振氢谱、质谱、元素分析对其结构进行了表征，并对合成进行了讨论。     

共固定化醌还原菌群与蒽醌促进偶氮染料生物脱色

水溶性氧化还原介体可加速偶氮染料厌氧生物脱色,但会随出水而流失,造成二次污染.将醌还原菌群与非水溶性介体——蒽醌共固定化,考察了其对偶氮染料生物脱色的影响.克隆和RIS片段测序结果表明,醌还原菌群主要包括乳杆菌科(Lactobacillaceae)、肠杆菌科(Enterobacteriaceae)和拟杆菌科(Bacteroidaceae);共固定化醌还原菌群与蒽醌对10种不同结构偶氮染料的生物脱色速率提高1.3～2.1倍;共固定化菌球经10次循环使用后,对活性艳红KE-3B脱色率仍保持在85%以上.     

多羟基亚铁络合物还原转化活性黑5的实验

通过调控反应条件,制备了高活性的亚铁羟基络合物(FHC),以活性黑5(RB5)为目标污染物研究了FHC还原转化偶氮染料的反应性能.探讨了FHC对RB5还原脱色的影响因素,包括亚铁结构形态、FHC的投加量、初始pH值、溶解氧等,结果表明结构态亚铁具有很强还原反应活性,亚铁投加量89.6 mg·L-1,染料初始质量浓度为1...     

超细纤维用分散染料

从超细纤维的特点出发,分析了超细纤维在染色时出现的问题,从染料分子设计出发,介绍了可用于超细纤维染色的典型分散染料结构,并从偶氮、蒽酯以及杂环类洒料结构的特点。讨论了改进超细纤维用染料的途径。     

溴氨酸降解菌对磺酸化偶氮染料脱色研究

考察了溴氨酸降解菌——鞘氨醇单胞菌QYY菌株对磺酸化偶氮染料的脱色特性及溴氨酸作为氧化还原介体对其脱色的影响.研究表明,磺酸化偶氮染料酸性大红3R厌氧脱色的适宜条件是:pH 8.0,温度30℃,外加碳源葡萄糖和乙酸钠各为4 g.L-1.当外加溴氨酸浓度为19.1~152.8 mg.L-1时,QYY菌株对酸性大红3R的脱色速率可提高0.3~1.9倍.并且溴氨酸能够促进其他磺酸化偶氮染料的脱色.连续5次向培养基中补加120 mg.L-1酸性大红3R,溴氨酸都能够促使菌株QYY快速有效地将其脱色,并且每次酸性大红3R脱色后,菌株QYY都能将溴氨酸在24 h内好氧降解.     

耐盐基因工程菌降解偶氮染料特性研究

研究通过将耐盐基因BADH转入大肠杆菌E.ColiBL21构建耐盐基因工程菌,并考察了盐度、诱导剂对其生长的影响;探索pH值、温度、染料浓度对降解酸性红B的影响。实验结果表明,基因工程菌的耐盐性较E.ColiBL21有很大提高;降解酸性红B的最适条件为pH=6.5,温度为35℃;在10%(质量分数)盐度条件下,基因工程菌对5种偶氮染料的降解效果均好于E.ColiBL21。     

低浓度染色废水的臭氧-活性炭在线脱色及其回用的研究

利用臭氧脱色和活性嶷吸附联用技术在线连续处理印染加工中的低浓度废水。考察了多种染料利用臭氧-活性炭吸附联用在线处理的效果，以及臭氧用量、温度、pH值、盐分对废水脱色率的影响。结果表明，用谊工艺处理大多数水溶性染料废水都有较好的效果。低浓度的染色洗涤废水处理后，出水接近无色，CODCr去除率在80％以上，回用于后道水洗工序效果良好，从而达到减少染色加工用水的目的。     

零价铁催化还原降解酸性紫红B的动力学及影响因素

酸性紫红B的零价铁催化还原降解遵守一级动力学，随着铁粉比表面积的增大及溶液pH的降低，反应动力学常数增大．依据紫外可见光谱，推测反应机理为酸性紫红B的偶氮键断裂，被还原加氢。     

Effect of conformation on UV-Vis absorption spectra of disazo reactive red dyes

In this study,twenty disazo reactive red dyes with J acid as coupling components were selected,and their ground state geometry were studied with BLYP functional and TZVP basis set. The UV-vis absorption spectra were calculated by time-dependent density functional theory(TDDFT) employing B3 LYP and PBE0 hybrid functionals and TZVP basis set,and the absolute mean errors are 0.094 e V and 0.133 e V for B3 LYP and PBE0,respectively. From the comparison of the calculated λ_(max) of the three conformations of disazo reactive red dye,cis-,trans-,and azo,with that of experimental one,we find out that conformation plays an important role on UV-Vis absorption. Dyes 6 and 8 exist in azo conformation rather than in cis-conformation. "Hole-electron" distribution analysis reveals that although these λ_(max) arises from different electron transitions,these electron excitations have the same character of local excitation(LE).     

分散染料溶解度参数的计算及应用

用Small、Hoy、Krevelen和Fedors基团增量法,对50只蒽醌、偶氮分散染料的溶解度参数进行了计算,并作了比较。对Small法中—NH_2、—NO_2、—NH—、—N—基团的吸引力常数作了补充。确认用于计算分散染料及涤纶纤维溶解度参数的较好方法是Hoy法。且发现:①当染料的溶解度参数与涤纶的溶解度参数接近时,染料的耐升华牢度可达4—5级;②分散染料摩尔体积与其匀染性几乎呈反比关系,当摩尔体积为210—340cm~3/mol时,匀染性能可达3—4级;③分散染料的扩散系数随着其摩尔体积的增大而减小,其减小趋势逐渐变缓。     

具有超高固色效应的多胺型交联染料合成及应用研究

合成了吡唑啉酮单偶氮黄色和1,4-二氨基蒽醌系蓝色四乙烯五胺型交联染料,利用分子链上剩余氨基的高反应性及同一分子链上存在多个可反应基团的优点,通过交联染色和固色实现染料在纤维上的超高固色率,实现染色的绿色化.用浸染和轧染的染色方法将交联染料应用于丝绸和棉纤维染色,然后用硫酸酯乙基砜型交联剂,两浸两轧、焙烘固色染色纤维.研究结果表明在pH为4时该两只染料竭染率最高,并且用交联剂固色后交联率均大于98%,染色纤维具有较好的日晒牢度、摩擦色牢度和水洗色牢度.     

拟内孢霉对3种偶氮染料的脱色研究

初步研究了拟内孢霉对3种偶氮染料酸性黑NG、酸性黑10B及活性红脱色的情况.考察了起始pH值、染料的起始浓度、装液量及重金属离子对拟内孢霉脱色的影响.通过实验得出pH为5时为最佳pH值;染料质量浓度在80 mg/L以上对其脱色率有抑制作用,而对菌体的生物量无明显抑制;在质量浓度达到160 mg/L时对脱色率及菌体生物量均有明显的抑制作用.随着3种金属离子浓度的升高其脱色率、菌体干重都有所降低,尤以Ag+,Hg2+明显,说明重金属离子不仅降低了染料的脱色率还明显抑制菌体生长.在装液量的实验中,染料酸性黑10B、活性红在装液量为50 mL时脱色率达到100%,酸性黑NG染料在装液量为70 mL时脱色率达到了最大,为99.8%.     

有机光折变聚合物材料的研制(I)——4-(对硝基苯偶氮)-3-氯苯胺偶氮增感染料的合成

偶氮增感染料在以聚乙烯咔唑为主体的光折变材料复合物中起着十分重要的作用。为了进一步研究不同的偶氮增感染料对光折变性能的影响。我们合成了一些偶氮化合物,并对它们进行了结构表征。结果表明,偶联反应发生在间氯苯胺的对位上。     

Decomposed characteristic of azo dyes by ozonization with ultrasonic enhancement

Azo dyes have been used in many industries (textile mill, printing and dyeing mill, paper and pulp mill) and have caused great environmental pollution due to complicated constitution and high chemical stability. The construction of azo dyes can be destroyed by ozonization, but not thoroughly when the ozone dosage is controlled to a certain extent and the operating cost is higher. Ozonization decomposed ability with ultrasonic enhancement on azo dyes has been demonstrated in the study. The conclusion derived from this investigation may be summarized as follows: (1) The decoloration rate of arsenazoⅠsolutions during sonozone treatment is more rapid than the rate obtained with ozone alone because the complicated constitution has been destroyed by the O free radical from ozone decomposition. (2) The destructing pathway of arsenazoⅠby ozone with ultrasound is identical with that of by ozone alone: the breakdown of —N== N— bonds, the conversion of benzene ring to carboxylic acid, and —HSO₃ bonds to H₂SO₄. So, pH value of the arsenazo Ⅰ solution continuously drops down to 3.2.     

Dyeing PET Textile with C.I. Disperse Red 60 and C.I. Disperse Orange 25 in Supercritical CO2

For a better understanding of the feasibility of supercritieal fluid dyeing （SFD） and more available information for the process development, the experiments of dyeing PET textile with C.I. disperse red 60 （anthraquinone type） and C. I. disperse orange 25 （azo type） in supercritieal CO2 were carried out with a high-pressure dyeing apparatus at temperatures from 80 to 130℃ and pressure up to 31 MPa. The effect of operating conditions on color yield （K/S） was investigated in SFD experiment, and the optimum operating conditions for the above two disperse dyes were obtained as follows： the temperature 120℃, the pressure 25 MPa and the dyeing time 100 min. As compared with SFD, the conventional water dyeing （CWD） was carried out with the same dyes and textile. The results show that the better fastness, levelness and apparent color can be achieved in SFD and the SFD process has many significant advantages over the CWD process.     

Union Dyeing Behavior on the Blends of Tencel and Shrink-proofing Wool with the Same Reactive Dyestuffs in One Bath

In order to obtain union colour on the blends of Tencel and shrink-proofing wool and improve the efficiency of dyeing process, the dyeing behavior on the blends of Tencel and shrink-proofing wool in the same bath was studied. The Argazol TW reactive dyestuffs were involved in the dyeing process. The parameters under different conditions such as exhaustion, fixation, compatibility as well as soaping fastness were investigated in detail. It is shown that the Argazol TW reactive dyestuffs are suitable for dyeing of blends of Tencel and shrink-proofing wool and good dyeing behavior can be expected.     

多发色团染料分子内能量传递研究进展

本文综述近几年多发色团染料分子内能量传递领域的研究概况，重点介绍了分子内能量传递对组装型多发色团有机染料光稳定性影响的研究进展，设计，合成一个发色团可充当内部光稳定剂的多发色团染料是提高染料光稳定性的一条有效途径。