经组织培养快速繁殖象牙白（Cymbidium eburneum）的研究

本文论述了利用组织培养手段快速繁殖象牙白的研究结果试验表明：ＶＷ改对诱导和增殖象牙白原球茎有良好效果．采用附加ＫＴ１～２ｍｇ／Ｌ和ＮＡＡ０．１～０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＶＷ改培养基，原球茎发生率可达９５％，用该培养基继代培养２个月后，原球茎可增殖６～８倍；２，４－Ｄ对原球茎的形成有强烈抑制作用．培养基中含有０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ的２，４—Ｄ就足以完全抑制原球茎的形成；６—ＢＡ对原球茎的增殖和分化效果不理想，ＫＴ的效果较好；生根壮苗阶段以附加５％～１０％香蕉汁的１／２ＭＳ培养基效果最佳．文中还介绍了象牙自试管苗的移栽技术．     

苦丁茶的组织培养和快速繁殖研究

用苦丁茶当年生枝条的顶芽和侧芽作外植体，培养在附加了各种浓度ＢＡ的ＭＳ培养基上，当ＢＡ浓度为３．０ｍｇ／Ｌ时诱导芽形成及增殖效果最佳，ＧＡ２．０＋ＮＡＡ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ和ＢＡ配合使用有利于壮苗；在１／２ＭＳ培养基中，附加ＮＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ，生根效果最佳。试管苗高２ｃｍ～３ｃｍ、根数２～３条时开盖炼苗２ｄ～３ｄ移入培养土中，试管苗移栽成活率高。     

苦丁茶的组织培养和快速繁殖研究

用苦丁茶当年生枝条的顶芽和侧芽作外植体，培养在附加了各种浓度ＢＡ的ＭＳ培养基上，当ＢＡ浓度为３．０ｍｇ／Ｌ时诱导芽形成及增殖效果最佳，ＧＡ２．０＋ＮＡＡ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ和ＢＡ配合使用有利于壮苗；在１／２ＭＳ培养基中，附加ＮＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ，生根效果最佳。试管苗高２ｃｍ～３ｃｍ、根数２～３条时开盖炼苗２ｄ～３ｄ移入培养土中，试管苗移栽成活率高。     

苦丁茶的组织培养和快速繁殖研究

用苦丁茶当年生枝条的顶芽和侧芽作外植体，培养在附加了各种浓度ＢＡ的ＭＳ培养基上，当ＢＡ浓度为３．０ｍｇ／Ｌ时诱导芽形成及增殖效果最佳，ＧＡ２．０＋ＮＡＡ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ和ＢＡ配合使用有利于壮苗；在１／２ＭＳ培养基中，附加ＮＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ，生根效果最佳。试管苗高２￣３ｃｍ、根数２￣３条时开盖炼苗２ｄ￣３ｄ移入培养土中，试管苗移栽成活率高。     

生长调节物质对丹参叶片脱分化及根芽分化的效应

生长调节物质对丹参叶片脱分化及根芽分化效应的研究结果表明：（１）０．５～５．０ｍｇ／Ｌ２，４－Ｄ，０．１～０．５ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ０．５～１．５ｍｇ／ＬＩＢＡ或０．２～１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ４ＰＵ－３０诱导叶片的脱分化率高达９７％～１０００％。（２）０．１～０．５ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ或０．５～２．０ｍｇ／ＩＢＡ诱导芽化率为９３％～１００％，３种细胞分裂素中，４ＰＵ－３０对叶片芽化最有效，６－ＢＡ和ＫＴ次之。（３）随     

雪兔子叶的组织培养及植株再生

以雪兔子无菌苗的幼叶为外植体,接种到ＭＳ补加ＮＡＡ（１．０－２．０）ｍｇ／Ｌ、６－ＢＡ（０．１－１．０）ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上诱导愈伤组织,其中以ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋６－ＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ的诱导效果最好,经６周培养即可形成大量的黄绿色愈伤组织,诱导率可达１００％,经２－３次继代培养后,将生长发良好的愈伤组织转接到ＭＳ附加６－ＢＡ（０．５－２．０）ｍｇ／Ｌ、ＩＡＡ（０．０５－０．１）ｍｇ／Ｌ、Ｎ     

毛花猕猴桃愈伤组织诱导与植株再生

从毛花猕猴桃（ＡｃｔｉｎｉｄｉａｅｒｉａｎｔｈａＢｅｎｔｈ）田间生长的茎段、种子无菌条件下萌发的下胚轴及试管苗的茎段和叶片得到愈伤组织。田间来源的茎段诱导愈伤组织较难，愈伤组织生长缓慢；下胚轴及试管苗茎段和叶片容易产生愈伤组织，愈伤组织生长旺盛。消毒时间、接种方法、基因型和培养基都可能影响到田间来源的茎段愈伤组织产生。在ＭＳ附加玉米素或６－苄氨基嘌呤（ＢＡＰ）的培养基上下胚轴来源的愈伤组织不经转代即分化芽和根。试管苗茎段和叶片在附加玉米素或Ｎ－（２－氯基－４－吡啶基）－Ｎ′－苯基脲（ＣＰＰＵ）的ＭＳ培养基上培养一代也分化出芽、试管苗茎段在附加０．００２５ｍｇ／ＬＣＰＰＵ和０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ吲跺乙酸（ＩＡＡ）的ＭＳ培养基上产生愈伤组织、芽的分化和苗生长都较理想；试管苗叶片则以附加０．０２５ｍｇ／ＬＣＰＰＵ和０．１ｍｇ／ＬＩＡＡ或０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ玉米素和０．１ｍｇ／ＬＩＡＡ的ＭＳ培养基较好。当苗伸长至１ｃｍ或以上时切下，转入ＭＳ基本培养基（大量元素减半）上后可形成完整植株。     

组织培养快速繁殖肾茶的研究

利用组织培养手段快速繁殖肾茶的研究结果表明：以肾茶的茎尖、茎节、节间和嫩叶作为外植体，均能诱导产生愈伤组织，但在愈伤组织分化不定芽的诱导中，以茎尖最好，茎节次之，再次为叶，而节间则不易分化成芽．在培养中，基本培养基以ＭＳ最合适，诱导愈伤组织最好的培养基是ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ（或２，４－Ｄ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ），而且对不定芽的分化最佳；生根壮苗阶段，以附加１０％马铃薯和０．１ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ的１／２ＭＳ培养基效果最好，发根率达１０％，且苗粗壮．此外，还介绍了肾茶试管苗移栽技术，并对炼苗基土作了试验，结果表明：肾茶对土壤的适应性强，但其中以垃圾土最优．     

植物激素对药用植物山丹离体子叶愈伤组织诱导、器官分化及植株再生的影响

ＭＳ培养基附加ＢＡ１，０～２．２／ＮＡＡ０．０１～０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ、ＫＴ１．０～２．０／ＮＡＡ０．０１～０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ、ＢＡ０．５＋ＫＴ０．５／ＮＡＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ及ＢＡ１．０＋ＫＴ１．０／ＮＡＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ的不同激素组合，处理山丹离体子叶，均能诱导其产生愈伤组织和分化芽，除３Ａ１．０／ＮＡＡ０．０１和ＢＡ１．０／ＮＡＡ０．１外，各组合还均能诱发生根和使植株再生。     

骆驼刺高效离体植株再生体系的建立

通过对络驼刺（Ａｌｈａｇｉ ｐｓｅｕｄａｌｈａｇｉ Ｄｅｓｖ）不同外植体来源、不同培养基及激素配比的比较,建立骆驼刺培养高效再生植株实验体系。表明骆驼刺下胚轴切段在含１．５￣２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ２,４－Ｄ和０．５￣１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ ６－ＢＡ的ＭＳ培养基中１００％诱导愈伤组织,在含１．５ｍｇ／Ｌ ６－ＢＡ和１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ的ＭＳ培养基上愈伤组织分化成苗,转至含２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ ＩＢＡ和０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ的ＭＳ培养基上成根得到完整再生植株,组织学观察表明植株再生主要为器官发生途径,染色体稳定遗传。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-