苯砜用作碳酸丙烯酯基电解液添加剂的研究

研究了添加剂苯砜（PS）对碳酸乙烯酯（EC）做酸丙烯酯（PC）基电解质与石墨负极和LiCoO2正极相容性的影响．恒流充放电法和循环伏安法研究了PS对（c（LiPF6）=1mol／L）-EC／PC（体积比1：1）电解液与电极相容性的影响,XPS法分析了PS在改性人造石墨（MAG）电极上的还原产物．结果表明：EC／PC基电解质与MAG不相容,PS可以优先还原生成C6H5SO2Li和Li2SO2,抑制PC对MAG结构的破坏,促使EC／PC基电解质与MAG相容;EC／PC基电解质与MCMB的相容性不够理想,PS可以提高EC／PC基电解质与MCMB的相容性;PS可稍微改善EC／PC基电解质与LiCoO2的相容性．     

LiODFB电解液的高低温性能

采用DSC、电化学工作站和电池测试系统研究LiODFB/(EC+DMC+EMC)和LiPF6/(EC+DMC+EMC)电解液的热稳定性、高低温下的电化学窗口及其对铝箔集流体的稳定性、LiFePO4/G(石墨,graphite,简称G)电池在60和-20℃的高循环性能,通过SEM分析循环后的正负极极片形貌,探索高低温下电解液与极片的相互作用机理.研究结果表明:LiODFB电解液在250℃才会分解,而LiPF6电解液的分解温度为120℃;在-20和60℃时,LiODFB电解液的电化学窗口及其对集流体铝箔的稳定性比LiPF6电解液的大;以LiFePO4/G为电极的LiODFB电池在-20和60℃循环100次后的容量保持率均比LiPF6电池的大,LiODFB电解液能够帮助石墨表面SEI膜的形成,而LiPF6电解液在高温下会产生HF破坏SEI膜,致使电池性能降低.     

一种新型锂离子二次电池用有机电解液的性能研究

为了提高锂离子二次电池的笔容量和循环寿命，研究者们越来越重视有机电解液的使用及选择。实验选择了EC和DMC二元体系．将其以不同体积配比用于锂离子二次扣式电池中（正极材料为LiCoO2．负极材料为CMS，电解质盐为LiPF6）以研究电解液的电化学性能。通过实验．发现此种电解液的最佳配比为EC：DMC=3：7（1mol／L LiPF6）．此种电解液大大提高了电池的循环性能。     

新型成膜添加剂CH3COONH4对石墨负极电性能的改善

应用循环伏安和恒电流充放电等电化学方法,结合微观测试手段傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM),剖析了电解液中加入少量CH3COONH4后对电极表面SEI膜的影响.通过与空白溶液比较显示,添加CH3COONH4能显著提高天然石墨负极首次循环过程中的充放电容量,降低不可逆容量损失,提高电极的循环性能和倍率充放电性能.扫描电镜和电极表面SEI膜组分的FTIR分析表明,添加适宜浓度的CH3COONH4有助于改善天然石墨的电化学性能.     

复合材料LiMn2O4/活性炭的电化学行为

利用充放电测试、循环伏安和交流阻抗等方法研究LiMn2O4/活性炭复合材料在1 mol/L LiPF6-EC/EMC/DMC有机电解液中的电化学性能.研究结果表明:复合材料同时具备超级电容器高功率密度和锂离子电池高能量密度的特点;复合材料的容量包含活性炭的双电层电容和LiMn2O4电化学反应的容量;当活性炭的质量分数为20％时,10C倍率下复合材料的首次放电容量高达76.4 mA.h/g,100次循环后容量几乎没有衰减(0.01％),与纯LiMn2O4电极相比有很大提高.     

二氧化锰在Li2SO4水溶液中的电容性能研究

采用化学共沉淀法制备了超级电容器电极材料MnO2．采用XRD对其结构进行表征，并用循环伏安、交流阻抗、恒流充放电等测试手段研究了材料在1mol／L Li2SO4电解液中的电容性能．结果表明，MnO：电极在1mol／L Li2SO4电解液中具有优良的电容性能，以3mA／cm^2电流密度恒流充放电时，单电极比容量可达239．9F／g．经1000次恒流充放电循环后，电极比容量下降了11．7％．Nyquist曲线显示电极的电荷转移电阻较小．     

四氟硼酸四乙基铵对超级电容电池性能的影响

研究了四氟硼酸四乙基铵(Et4,NBF4)添加到LiPF6基电解液(碳酸乙烯酯(EC)+碳酸二甲酯(DMC)+碳酸甲乙酯(EMC)(质量比为1∶1∶1)对(LiMn2O4+活性炭(AC))/Li4Ti5O12超级电容电池电化学性能的影响.线性扫描(LSV)、循环伏安(CV)及电池充放电等测试结果表明:Et4NBF4盐改变了复合电解液中离子对的结构,提高了复合电解液的高电压稳定性和电导率.在实验条件下,随着复合盐电解液中Et4NBF4含量的增加,电池放电容量也增加,含有Et4NBF4与LiPF6物质的量的比为4∶1的电解液的电池电化学性能最好,在4C倍率下循环5,000周后,容量还有86.8,mA·h,保持率为95.8%.     

2-噻吩甲腈在高电压锂离子电池中的应用

为了改善锂离子电池在高电压下的电化学性能,以2-噻吩甲腈作为一种新型的电解液添加剂,采用线性扫描伏安法(LSV)研究其对1 mol/L Li PF6/EC+EMC(EC与EMC质量分数之比为1:2)电解液电化学窗口的影响。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X线光电子能谱(XPS)、傅里叶红外光谱(IR)、充放电测试、循环伏安(CV)和交流阻抗(EIS)对含不同电解液的锂离子电池循环前后的正极材料表面及其电化学性能进行表征。研究结果表明:2-噻吩甲腈能优先于电解液溶剂发生氧化分解反应并在正极表面形成致密的导电聚合物膜;添加质量分数为0.1%2-噻吩甲腈的钴酸锂电池在3.0~4.5 V以0.5 C倍率循环100次后容量保持率高达91.99%,在5C倍率下放电比容量为152.8m A·h·g-1;与电解液中未添加2-噻吩甲腈的电池相比,其循环后电荷转移阻抗的增加被抑制,在高电压下表现出较好的循环和倍率性能。     

一种新型锂离子二次电池用有机电解液的性能研究

为了提高锂离子二次电池的笔容量和循环寿命,研究者们越来越重视有机电解液的使用及选择.实验选择了EC和DMC二元体系,将其以不同体积配比用于锂离子二次扣式电池中(正极材料为LiCoO2,负极材料为CMS,电解质盐为LiPF6)以研究电解液的电化学性能.通过实验,发现此种电解液的最佳配比为EC∶DMC=3∶7(1 mol/L LiPF6),此种电解液大大提高了电池的循环性能.     

乙腈、碳酸丙烯酯电解液超级电容器性能研究

以活性炭作活性物质,用循环伏安、交流阻抗等方法测试了乙腈及碳酸丙烯酯的1mol/L高氯酸锂溶液(1mol/L的LiClO4/AN和LiClO4/PC)作电解液的超级电容器性能,根据乙腈电解液内阻小、比容量大、碳酸丙烯酯电解液循环和保压性能优秀的特性,将2种电解液混合,测试了混合电解液的电导率,等体积比混合的混合电解液(1mol/L的LiClO4/AN PC)电导率达15.8mS/cm2.应用于超级电容器后,大电流放电性能和比容量与LiClO4/AN电解液体系接近,而在循环性能、漏电流和电压保持能力方面较之有大幅提高.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with