神舟八号飞船空间蛋白质结晶实验

 利用德国空间生物实验装置和自主研制的结晶室,在中国神舟八号飞船上进行了14种蛋白质的结晶实验,实验持续16.5d;同时使用相同结晶室在地面开展比对实验.结果表明：12种蛋白质在空间析出晶体,地面有11种;空间析出的6种蛋白质晶体可用于X-射线衍射实验,收得4种晶体的8套同步辐射衍射数据;地面有5种蛋白质晶体可用于X-射线衍射,收得3种晶体的5套同步辐射衍射数据,其中1套不完整.鸡蛋清溶菌酶空间晶体的初步衍射最高分辨率为1.16Å,地面晶体的为1.23Å.痢疾杆菌二磷酸四腺苷空间晶体初步衍射最高分辨率为1.75Å,地面晶体的为1.49Å,但是1颗空间晶体的晶型发生改变.衣原体蛋白酶样活化因子空间晶体的初步衍射最高分辨率为2.31Å,地面晶体未得到衍射数据.加拿大的17β-羟化类固醇脱氢酶复合物空间晶体的初步衍射最高分辨率为2.30Å,地面晶体未得到完整衍射数据.自主研制的结晶室的浸入式毛细管结构为国际上首次采用,具有无源和通用的优点,对汽相扩散结晶法具有良好的自然对流抑制效果.     

高纯微晶碳酸锰制备中的粒度和质量控制

以碳酸锰矿为原料,采用锰矿酸浸出-锰浸出液净化-碳化结晶工艺制备高纯碳酸锰.对结晶过程中影响晶体粒度的工艺参数进行了试验和讨论.研究结果表明在碳酸锰结晶过程中,当碳酸锰晶体粒度一定时,产品中的杂质含量出现极限值,若晶体粒度增大,则极限值也随之增大,即产品质量与碳酸锰粒度密切相关;碳酸锰产品粒度可以通过调整结晶温度和溶液过饱和度来降低,在适当的条件下,碳酸锰平均粒度可以控制在5μm,从而有效地降低了产品中的杂质含量.     

掺硼酸的KDP晶体生长及光散射性质的研究

硼酸作为掺杂剂,用降温法从水溶液中生长KDP晶体.实验发现,掺杂后溶液稳定性明显提高.硼酸含量对KDP晶体的结晶习性有影响,晶体的光散射现象增强.陈化溶液中生长晶体的质量明显提高.     

基于光测法的晶种量对结晶动力学影响研究

为进一步探究晶种添加量对于结晶动力学尤其是生长动力学的影响,以KNO3-H2O溶液为模型体系,结合光测法开展了添加晶种的间歇冷却结晶动力学实验.通过测定可反映结晶固相信息的体系透光率的变化曲线,结合溶液质量比和相对过饱和度等实测数据,借用前期所建的模型方程,拟合得到了结晶体系的成核与生长动力学参数.在此基础上,运用回代计算的方法,考察并分析了晶种添加量对于结晶成核与生长动力学的影响.结果表明:随着晶种添加量的提高,结晶体系的成核效应逐渐减弱,生长效应逐渐增强,晶体产品的粒度更趋于均匀;同时,单个晶体的线性生长速率却有所下降,从而导致产品的平均粒度减小.     

溶菌酶结晶的研究进展

溶菌酶作为一种重要的模型蛋白被广泛应用于蛋白质结晶机理和方法的研究.概括了溶菌酶的结构、性质及应用,总结了溶菌酶的常用结晶方法,探讨了近年出现的新的结晶方法,介绍了结晶条件、结晶机理及主要的观测方法,展望了溶菌酶结晶过程的发展前景.     

N-马来酰化壳聚糖的结晶形态

采用间歇法合成了N 马来酰化壳聚糖,用FTIR和1H NMR测定其化学结构,并进一步用偏光显微镜、扫描电子显微镜研究其结晶形态.研究发现,在N 马来酰化壳聚糖的N,N 二甲基甲酰胺溶液浇铸膜中,先出现常见的树枝晶,然后观察到在树枝晶的末端生长出针状晶体和片状晶体两类不同的结晶形态,针状晶体最长为200μm,片状晶体的宽度平均约为20μm.对于针状晶体,分子链方向为轴向,而对于片状晶体分子链垂直于晶片的长轴方向.     

C60甲苯溶液自然结晶的研究

用ＳＥＭ研究了纯Ｃ６０和Ｃ６０／Ｃ７０混合物的甲苯溶液在硅片上自然结晶的形态．结果表明纯Ｃ６０结晶遵循晶面淘汰律，Ｃ７０影响Ｃ６０结晶的形态，Ｃ６０／Ｃ７０混合物的结晶与纯Ｃ６０结晶有较大的差异．用溶液逐次结晶，制备１ｍｍ量级的Ｃ６０晶体，并进行了Ｘ射线劳厄相分析，证明该晶体是单晶     

链状与环状多糖调控CaCO_3的仿生合成

以可溶性淀粉、β-环糊精及十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)为模板,在CaCl2、Na2CO3体系中调控合成CaCO3晶体.研究了不同形貌CaCO3晶体成型原因.分别用红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等技术对晶体的形貌和结构进行了观察和表征.结果表明:可溶性淀粉溶液中5 d后得到以球霰石为主的球形CaCO3;环糊精溶液中5 d后得到以球霰石为主的CaCO3层状聚集体,随着结晶时间的延长,产物中球霰石逐渐向方解石转化,SDS的加入加快了球霰石向方解石的转化速度.     

高纯硼酸的制备及其影响因素

以分析纯硼砂为原料,通过对传统的硼酸制备方法加以改进,采用氯化氢气体代替盐酸溶液中和硼砂,从而减少杂质的引入。结合离子交换吸附树脂法与重结晶法,制备出纯度达到99.99%的高纯硼酸。考察制备过程中相关因素对硼酸成品纯度与结晶率的影响。得到中和反应最佳工艺条件为:加酸温度90℃,pH 3～4,结晶温度8℃,结晶时间8 h;离子交换吸附最佳工艺条件为:阴离子与阳离子体积比3-1,溶液流速8～10 mL/min;重结晶最佳工艺条件为:硼酸溶液中硼酸质量分数为28.5%～31.0%,结晶温度10℃,采用慢速搅拌结晶15 h。硼酸晶体呈细小颗粒状,其Fe,Cl-和SO42-杂质含量符合高纯硼酸中的杂质含量指标。     

光子晶体的发展及制备研究

介绍了光子晶体的产生、发展历程和制备方法等,实验研究了采用MOCVD技术制备的InP反蛋白石结构三维光子晶体,获得了较好的填充率和结晶质量.为制备三维全带隙InP光子晶体提供了科学依据.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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