部分线性可加模型的约束估计

文章讨论部分线性模型在约束情况下的估计问题.在一般的线性约束条件下利用两种方法构造参数分量的约束估计;当参数部分附加随机约束条件时,依据混合估计方法与Profile最小二乘方法,构造参数分量的随机约束估计;讨论一般约束估计和随机约束估计的关系.     

约束UKF初始参数对Bouc-Wen模型参数识别的影响

为获得约束UKF初始参数对模型参数识别的影响规律,针对Bouc-Wen模型给出基于约束UKF在线参数识别方法,通过数值模拟分析初始状态估计均值与协方差、过程噪声协方差、观测噪声协方差等滤波器初始参数对模型参数识别精度与收敛速度的影响,提出相应的参数取值建议.结果表明：在无模型误差的情况下,约束UKF对初始参数的设置具有较好的鲁棒性;适当地增大初始状态估计协方差,减小过程噪声,采用真实系统观测噪声协方差以及减小初始参数值与真实值的偏差,可以有效提高参数识别收敛速度和精度.该研究为基于约束UKF的非线性结构模型在线参数识别方法提供了参考.     

支持并行协同产品开发的广义鲁棒设计方法

研究了并行协同产品开发过程中的广义鲁棒设计方法.首先,针对并行协同产品开发过程中的不确定性,给出了广义鲁棒设计框架;然后,提出了广义鲁棒性概念,分析了性能鲁棒性和约束鲁棒性;最后,在传统优化设计模型的基础上,考虑产品参数的变化对性能的影响,修改传统优化设计模型的优化目标和约束条件,使它们包含广义鲁棒性指标,建立了广义鲁棒设计模型,并基于遗传算法对模型求解.该方法能有效提高并行协同设计的广义鲁棒性,用一个转向架设计实例验证了其有效性.     

最优PI控制器参数整定及评价

传统的PI(proportional-integral)控制器整定公式不能灵活地适应具体控制系统特定的性能要求。该文提出一种面向性能指标的最优PI控制器参数整定和鲁棒性评价的方法。首先基于广义Hermite-Biehler定理,计算保证闭环系统稳定的PI控制器参数范围;然后利用具有全局寻优能力的遗传算法,按照指定的性能指标在该范围内进行参数优化。根据Monte-Carlo随机试验原理,对模型参数在一定范围内摄动时的鲁棒稳定性和性能鲁棒性进行了定量的比较和评价。仿真研究表明,方法在指定的性能指标上取得了满意的控制效果,在模型发生摄动时与其他4种方法相比较,具有较好的性能鲁棒性。     

城市公交网络的鲁棒性分析模型

城市公交网络的鲁棒性是考核城市公交系统性能的重要指标,对其进行分析有助于更好地提出评价和优化措施.文中基于二分图模型,构建了城市公交系统的公交原始网络模型、公交站点网络模型和公交线路网络模型,定义了城市公交网络的拓扑结构鲁棒性指标,提出了针对大规模网络的鲁棒性分析的快速算法.最后以北京市公交系统为例,对3种公交网络模型在随机攻击和蓄意攻击下的鲁棒性进行了分析.结果表明:公交网络与随机网络相比,对于随机攻击方式的鲁棒性差别不大,但是对于按度数和按介数的攻击方式的鲁棒性要差于随机网络.     

灰色信息攻击下相依网络的鲁棒性

研究了双层相依网络在灰色信息攻击下的鲁棒性,讨论了在该模型上的数据包传输问题,建立了一个由节点负荷过载而引发的级联失效动态模型.通过一个可调参数来控制攻击网络节点信息的精度,随机失效和蓄意攻击是该模型的两种极端情况.分别对不同类型网络和不同耦合方式情况下的双层相依网络鲁棒性进行了研究.仿真实验发现,降低攻击信息的精度能提高网络的鲁棒性,而且攻击信息的精度存在着临界现象.     

混合规划处理流水车间调度问题

针对不确定条件下流水车间调度问题(F low shop schedu ling),研究了含有随机参数和灰色参数的混合机会约束规划模型的建立及求解方法。提出了灰色模拟的概念和方法,为含有灰色参数的机会约束规划提供了求解途径。通过理论推导及仿真实例,结合遗传算法,验证了基于随机模拟和灰色模拟的混合机会约束规划的调度模型及求解方法的有效性。     

网络结构鲁棒性指标及应用研究

为了更好地测度网络抵御破坏的能力,基于网络连通和恢复能力提出了连接鲁棒性和恢复鲁棒性两种指标.运用这两种指标,以网络规模为500,取20次独立实验的均值,对ER随机网络、规则网络、BA无标度网络以及WS小世界网络4种典型网络结构进行仿真.实验结果表明:ER随机网络对于恶意攻击的鲁棒性要优于其他3种网络;BA无标度网络仅节点恢复鲁棒性较好,边恢复鲁棒性和连接鲁棒性最差;规则网络拥有很好的连接鲁棒性但恢复鲁棒性最差;WS小世界网络受其参数影响,鲁棒性介于ER随机网络和规则网络之间.同时还发现,网络结构鲁棒性的下降随着去除节点个数的增加和网络结构参数的改变而呈现出一定的"涌现"现象.     

自主车辆线性时变模型预测路径跟踪控制

为提高自主车辆路径跟踪控制的实时性和鲁棒性,研究一种线性时变模型预测路径跟踪控制方法.建立用于控制器仿真验证的纵向侧向二维车辆非线性动力学模型;从二轮三自由度模型出发,推导出线性时变路径跟踪预测模型;引入向量松弛因子解决优化求解过程中硬约束导致的控制算法非可行解问题,基于模型预测控制理论将路径跟踪控制算法转化为带软约束的在线二次规划问题;最后通过Matlab/Simulink实现车辆动力学建模和控制器设计,双移线工况仿真结果表明,所设计的控制器能够适应不同车速、不同设计参数的鲁棒性要求.     

基于鲁棒凸优化方法的发电商在现货市场和远期市场的投标策略

在竞争的电力市场和不确定的电力价格环境下,大规模电量在现货市场和远期市场中集中竞价,使得电力市场可能面临巨大的市场风险.为了避免发电商在现货市场不具备操纵市场价格的能力,利用市场清算价和发电商必须运行率指标,充分考虑竞争者地位的影响,运用鲁棒凸优化方法建立了一种在约束发电商报价参数下获得最大利润的优化模型.算例验证表明,该模型保证了现货市场和远期市场的电力价格形成有效的竞争性,同时确保了发电商利润稳定和最大化,证明了该模型既保持了模型的鲁棒性,又保持了解的鲁棒性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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