一种改进的多处损伤平板的剩余强度模型

进行了多处损伤平板的剩余强度试验研究,得到不同裂纹几何平板的剩余强度.试验结果表明主裂纹长度增加使平板的剩余强度减小;对相同的主裂纹长度,韧带减小,试验件剩余强度也减小.以试验数据为基础,提出了一种修正的塑性区连通准则.用塑性区连通准则和修正的塑性区连通准则分别计算了多处损伤平板的剩余强度,结果表明对不同的主裂纹长度和不同的韧带长度,塑性区连通准则预测的平均误差为16.07%,而修正的swift塑性区连通准则的平均误差为9.24%,大大提高了预测结果的精度.     

单边斜裂纹的应力强度因子计算

应用有限元单元法研究了裂纹的扩展和裂纹尖端的应力应变与应力强度因子的关系,计算了单边斜裂纹受双向拉伸时应力强度因子随裂纹角度、裂纹的长度以及板长的变化.结果表明:1)单边斜裂纹受双向拉伸的应力强度因子Ⅰ型分量随裂纹角度的增加而增加,Ⅱ型分量随裂纹的角度增大先增大,大于45°后逐渐减小;2)单边斜裂纹受双向拉伸的应力强度因子Ⅰ型分量和Ⅱ型分量均随裂纹长度的增加而增加;3)板长的影响主要体现在板长比较小时,当长宽比达到一定的值时,影响基本可以忽略.这些结果为以后的裂纹研宄打下了基础.     

加筋板面导纳的特性分析及实验研究

基于传递点导纳方法和复功率法推导了无限加筋板面导纳的解析解,并采用有限元方法得到了有限加筋板面导纳的数值解,通过实验验证了解的正确性;研究了加筋条各参数对加筋板面导纳的影响规律,结果表明:加筋条距激励中心越远,对板面导纳的影响越弱;多加筋条对板面导纳的影响不能简化成各单筋的叠加,线性叠加方法会高估加筋对降低低频振动和增加高频振动的作用;加筋条截面尺寸与筋板模量比对无限加筋板面导纳的影响主要集中在低频,加筋条截面高度相比截面宽度对有限加筋板的影响更为明显,低频时面导纳随着加筋条截面高度增加而减小,筋板的不同模量比对面导纳的影响频段不一样,且模量比越高对低频段的影响范围越广.     

裂纹表面作用分布力的加筋板应力强度因子

对裂纹表面作用分布力的含中心裂纹有限加筋板的应力强度因子进行了分析计算．将含裂纹加筋板离散为边界受切向力作用的含裂纹板及受内力作用的筋条，由边界协调条件求解得到板的边界切向力，将含裂纹有限加筋板问题的求解转化为含裂纹有限板问题的求解，给出了系列的计算结果。     

含裂纹胶接金属加筋板的Ⅰ型应力强度因子求解

借鉴纤维增强金属层板桥接应力求解模型的理论和方法建立了胶接金属加筋板桥接力的求解模型,利用叠加原理将含裂纹胶接加筋板的Ⅰ型应力强度因子的求解分为2种情况,即利用Swift的位移协调方法求解破损筋条和普通筋条作用下基板的应力强度因子,以及利用桥接力模型求解桥接筋条作用下基板的应力强度因子.同时,利用有限元法和相关文献的实验结果验证桥接力模型和应力强度因子求解方法的有效性.结果表明,所建立的桥接力模型能够快速求解桥接力和胶接加筋板的Ⅰ型应力强度因子.     

多处损伤LY12 CZ铝合金加筋板疲劳裂纹扩展研究

进行了多处损伤LY12CZ铝合金加筋板的疲劳裂纹扩展的分析与试验研究.给出了典型的随机载荷谱下铝合金加筋板多裂纹扩展的预计方法.用组合法和类比法计算多处损伤LY12CZ铝合金加筋板的应力强度因子.考虑每个载荷循环裂纹之间的相互作用影响,以Walker裂纹扩展公式和Willenborg-Chang裂纹扩展公式为基础,用循环续循环进行裂纹累积,用虚拟施加剩余强度载荷和裂尖韧带塑性区连通判据确定临界裂纹尺寸.进行了恒幅谱载荷及程序块谱载荷下加筋板多裂纹的扩展试验研究.对比了铝合金多裂纹扩展的分析预计结果和试验结果,对比结果表明,预测的寿命与试验结果吻合较好.     

多处损伤LY12CZ铝合金加筋板的疲劳裂纹扩展研究

进行了多处损伤LY12CZ铝合金加筋板的疲劳裂纹扩展的分析与试验研究。给出了典型的随机载荷谱下铝合金加筋板多裂纹扩展的预计方法。用组合法和类比法计算多处损伤LY12CZ铝合金加筋板的应力强度因子。考虑每个载荷循环裂纹之间的相互作用影响,以Walker裂纹扩展公式和Willenborg-Chang裂纹扩展公式为基础,用循环续循环进行裂纹累积,用虚拟施加剩余强度载荷和裂尖韧带塑性区连通判据确定临界裂纹尺寸。进行了恒幅谱载荷及程序块谱载荷下加筋板多裂纹的扩展试验研究。对比了铝合金多裂纹扩展的分析预计结果和试验结果,对比结果表明,预测的寿命与试验结果吻合较好。     

整体加筋壁板裂纹的应力强度因子研究

通过基于ANSYS的整体加筋壁板三维有限元模型,系统研究了筋板面积比β(即筋条与壁板横截面积之比)以及筋条高宽比(h/b)对壁板内中心对称穿透直裂纹应力强度因子的影响。研究发现:在裂纹向两侧均匀扩展并不断靠近筋条的过程中,只有合理设计筋条尺寸,筋条才能对裂纹应力强度因子起到有效削弱作用,从而延长结构疲劳寿命。给定筋板面积比,若筋条宽或者筋条高不大于壁板厚度(h/t≤1或b/t≤1),应力强度因子随着筋条高宽比的增大而增大,筋条止裂作用减弱;而当筋条宽和筋条高均大于壁板厚度时(h/t>1且b/t>1),应力强度因子随着筋条高宽比的增大而减小,筋条止裂作用增强。基于大量有限元结果拟合的壁板裂纹应力强度因子经验公式可供工程人员进行快速估算。     

预应力加筋体水平土压力及作用机理研究

采用缩尺模型试验及三维有限元模拟研究了预应力筋长度对加筋体水平土压力分布的影响及加筋体中预应力筋的预拉力作用机理.研究表明:墙背土压力的大小与分布规律与预应力筋长度无关;预拉力作用下,预应力筋位置填料的水平土压力沿筋长方向呈两端大中间小的分布规律,其中部填料的水平土压力值增幅随预应力筋长度的增大而减小;随着预拉力的增加,填料水平应力值会超过竖向应力值并与大主应力值完全重合;填料的平均破坏比系数呈先减小后增大的变化趋势,填料的应力水平表明在预拉力作用下填料存在最优的应力状态.     

含腐蚀损伤加筋板结构极限强度评估方法

选取单筋双跨加筋板模型,基于非线性有限元方法计算了在单轴压缩载荷作用下,模型范围、点蚀坑形状、腐蚀位置、带板柔度、加筋柔度、腐蚀体积、加强筋个数等因素对含腐蚀损伤加筋板极限强度的影响.研究结果表明:腐蚀体积是影响加筋板极限强度的关键因素,且极限强度的折减值与腐蚀体积比接近二次曲线的关系.根据数值计算结果利用多元函数拟合功能得到了含腐蚀损伤加筋板结构极限强度评估公式,可对含腐蚀损伤加筋板的极限强度进行合理评估.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the