煤巷“大倾角、大跨度、超高度”硐室施工技术

煤巷“大倾角、大跨度、超高度”大断面硐室施工支护技术在平煤八矿研究与应用,解决了八矿建筑大断面硐室施工过程中存在的问题．不仅节约了大量支护材料费,减少了大量设备的投入和后期维护人员,提高了运输量和总体产量,经济效益显著。     

U型钢支架支护在返修破碎顶板巷道中的应用

分析了平煤天安八矿戊二延煤皮带上山巷道破坏原因,介绍了U型钢支架支护方法.通过采用U型钢支架支护,减少巷道维修量,提高了巷道支护效果,取得了良好的社会效益。     

大变形软岩巷道2次耦合支护参数优化

山东省菏泽市彭庄煤矿西翼-500 m水平行人大巷属于典型中深部软岩巷道,由于支护对策不合理导致围岩变形破坏剧烈。为了得到围岩的变形规律及破坏机制,进行矿压监测、松动圈探测、围岩物理力学参数测试、地应力测试等研究,并提出2次耦合支护方案。为进一步研究2次耦合支护力学机制,对初次支护和2次支护后围岩塑性区与应力分布特点以及初次支护后10~60 d内进行2次支护围岩变形规律进行数值模拟分析。研究结果表明:2次耦合支护能有效控制围岩塑性区的发展,改善应力分布状态,最佳2次支护时间为巷道初次支护后的30~40d。2次耦合支护能有效控制围岩稳定,减小围岩变形,能为类似软岩巷道支护工程提供一定的参考。     

湖西矿首采综放面巷道围岩变形实测研究

本文对湖西矿井首采综放面锚杆支护巷道围岩变形实测结果进行了较为详细的分析。分析结果表明:工作面超前支承压力影响范围为80m左右,明显影响区为31～37m,剧烈影响区为21m;巷道围岩整体变形量不大,锚杆支护参数较为合理。实测结果为相似条件下巷道围岩变形控制提供了参考,为本矿其它工作面开采积累了经验。     

锚网喷支护在大雁三矿软岩巷道中的应用

目前锚喷支护已经成为煤矿巷道支护设计首选的支护形式，但是对于软岩巷道应运用软岩支护理论，针对不同类型的软岩，采取不同的设计对策。本文借用大雁三矿在设计中采用先让后抗、柔让适度，适时支护的二次支护原则的实例，阐述膨胀性软岩巷道支护采用锚喷支护的设计方法，并在实践中取得成功。     

超远距离下组煤层超前开采覆岩应力及裂隙演化规律研究

为探究平煤股份八矿超远距离下组煤层超前开采对上覆煤岩层的影响,采用相似材料模拟实验分析超远距离下组煤层超前开采上覆煤岩层裂隙及应力演化规律,并进行现场验证。研究结果表明：超远距离下组煤层超前开采条件下,随工作面推进,上覆煤岩层裂隙率呈先上升后平稳的趋势,当工作面从187 m推进至272 m,裂隙发育最快;超远距离下组煤层超前开采对上覆煤岩层有卸压效果,但与常规情况下相比卸压滞后距离较大;上覆岩层卸压比戊组煤层大;通过现场验证发现,随工作面推进,矿压呈先上升再下降后稳定的趋势,并将工作面区域分为未干扰区、应力集中区、卸压区和稳定区。研究结论可为平煤矿区远距离下组煤层超前开采、上组煤层工作面瓦斯防治和采区工作面采掘部署提供参考。     

高应力复合顶板巷道卸压让压耦合支护技术

针对平煤股份公司十二矿的深部巷道支护难题,通过对卸压、让压支护原理的分析,根据巷道围岩实际情况,结合数值模拟计算分析,提出卸压让压耦合支护方案。利用高位瓦斯抽排巷向机、风巷施工穿层钻孔,进行控制爆破,并利用迎头瓦斯排放孔进行高压水射流切割围岩,由此首先实现围岩的卸压;同时顶板采用超高强让压锚杆+钢筋网+M型钢带+锚索等支护方案,进而实现围岩的让压。通过现场监测,得知巷道变形得到了有效控制,说明卸压让压耦合支护技术最终实现了对高应力复合顶板巷道的合理支护。     

平顶山矿区深部巷道围岩蝶形破坏机理及 控制对策

以平煤六矿戊二轨道上山为工程背景,通过理论分析、数值模拟和现场试验等方法,对巷道围岩变形和破坏特征展开深入研究,阐明了巷道围岩蝶形破坏机理:受工作面开采扰动的影响,临近巷道的围岩应力场重新分布,围岩主应力方向旋转使蝶形塑性区的方向发生改变,致使巷道顶底板和两帮中部塑性区的深度增加,极易发生"蝶叶"型冒顶、片帮和底鼓等灾害.基于蝶形破坏机理,有针对性地提出新支护方案,通过对比,在支护效果上,新支护方案比原支护方案有了明显的提升,基本满足巷道使用需求.     

深部动压影响条件下巷道矿压显现规律研究

某煤矿进入深部开采后,矿压显现特征明显,巷道受动压影响剧烈,变形严重,给巷道支护、煤柱留设等工作带来了很大的困难。针对这一问题,以该矿深部开采条件为背景,通过现场观测的方法研究下部煤层工作面开采对邻近采区工作面回采巷道的影响规律。总结出了深部动压影响条件下巷道的变形特征,并对其影响范围进行分区,为深部动压影响条件下巷道的合理布置、支护设计、煤柱留设等工作提供了依据。     

高强预应力让压锚杆在深井高应力巷道条件下的应用

详细介绍了新型高强让压锚杆支护在深井高应力条件下的作用机理,并结合平煤十矿己15-24080机巷深井高应力条件下的施工实践,对深井高应力的支护进行了有益的探索。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that