酵母嗜杀质粒融合转移──Ⅰ．融合转移系统的建立

以嗜杀酵母ＥＲＲ１和啤酒生产酵母ＡＳ２４２０出发菌株，建立了供体菌ＭＫ２－３：Ｋ＋Ｒ＋Ｌｅｕ－ρ＋（ｎ）和受体菌ＡＳ２４２０－１：Ｋ－Ｒ－ｌｅｕ＋ρ°（２ｎ）．对原生质体制备再生条件的研究结果表明两株菌的原生质体制备条件不尽相同；同一菌株原生质体形成与再生的最佳条件也不相同．有利于融合再生的原生质体制备条件是ＭＫ２－３：菌龄３０ｈ，蜗牛酶解量３０ｇ／Ｌ酶解时间３０ｍｉｎ，此时原生质体形成率为８０％，而再生率达１７．１％，这些条件对嗜杀活性无影响，再生菌落的嗜杀活性率达１００％；而ＡＳ２４２０－１；菌龄２４ｈ，蜗牛酶量２０ｇ／Ｌ，酶解时间３０ｍｉｎ，原生质体形成率为８１％，再生率为１８．１％．对四种渗透压稳定剂的再生效果实验表明甘露醇效果最佳，氯化钾次之，考虑到廉价，氯化钾是很好的代用品，在３０％ＰＥＧ６０００及Ｃａ２＋条件下进行原生质体融合，融合率可达８．９×１０－６，对其中的融合子ＭＡＲ４的遗传性状及嗜杀活性的稳定性检测，ＤＮＡ含量及细胞大小测定，ｄｓＲＮＡ质粒的提取及电泳结果分析和发酵性能测定，结果表明融合子ＭＡＲ４具有较高的嗜杀活性并可以稳定遗传，有与供体菌ＭＫ２－３嗜杀质粒ｄｓＲＮＡ相同的电泳行为，     

不同碱化剂合成聚合氯化铝铁的性能比较研究

用两种碱化剂合成了不同碱化度,不同铝铁比的聚合氯化铝铁（ＰＡＦＣＮａ、ＰＡＦＣＣａ）。研究了它们的ＰＨ弛豫、电导率变化、可见光谱等物理化学性质,进行了絮凝对比实验和稳定性观察,发现ＰＡＦＣａ、ＰＡＦＣＣａ的合成分别有着不同的反应历程和产物形态。它们形成最佳絮凝形态及最稳定共聚物的铝铁摩尔比分别为５：５和６：４,前者在常温下生成,后者需在加热条件下合成。有关操作参数对以含钙原料合成ＰＡＦＣ的工业生产     

黑曲霉发酵玉米淀粉生产柠檬酸

用紫外线和亚硝基胍诱变相结合的方法,从野生黑曲霉菌株出发,经多次诱变筛选,得到一株能够较好地利用玉米淀粉生产柠檬酸的黑曲霉菌株Ａ．ｎｉｇｅｒ９５。对Ａ．ｎｉｇｅｒ９５在摇瓶和发酵罐上用玉米淀粉发酵产生柠檬酸的适宜条件作了详细研究。经过比较,认为摇瓶产生柠檬酸的适宜培养基配方及发酵条件为：玉米淀粉２０％（均为质量分数,下同）、（ＮＨ４）ＳＯ４０．２％、ＫＨ２ＰＯ４０．２％、ＭｇＳＯ４７Ｈ２Ｏ０．０５％,甲醇３％,初始ｐＨ３．０。接种液体种子５％,３０℃２００ｒ／ｍｉｎ发酵７ｄ,柠檬酸产量１０．８％。在６．６Ｌ的Ｂｉｏｆｌｏ－Ⅱ型发酵罐上设定３０℃,５００～６００ｒ／ｍｉｎ,ｐＨ４．０,１．２～２．５Ｌ／ｍｉｎ的通气量,发酵１３２ｈ,柠檬酸产量为９．３％。可用价格低廉、来源丰富的玉米淀粉代替传统的薯干,作为发酵生产柠檬酸的原料,为实际生产奠定了基础。     

柱层析法纯化重组人肿瘤坏死因子α及其抑癌作用

半合成人肿瘤坏死因子ＴＮＦ－α在大肠杆菌中高表达．发酵后收集菌体经超声破碎，然后在１２０００ｒ／ｍｉｎ４℃离心１０ｍｉｎ，上清经６０℃热处理３０ｍｉｎ，离心上清用６０％饱和度的硫酸铰沉淀，再依次经过ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ—２５、ＤＥＡＥ—５２纤维素和ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ—７５柱层析，得到的纯化ｒｈＴＮＦ—α比活性为２×１０７ｕ／ｍｇ，回收率为２４％．经过ＳＤＳ—ＰＡＧＥ电泳和ＨＰＬＣ鉴定，纯度达９５％左右，分子量为１７×１０３．ｒｈＴＮ—α对热稳定性试验表明，—２０℃下贮存一年或者０℃下贮存一个月，ｒｈＴＮＦ—α活性仍保留５０％．人胃癌和肝癌细胞株的体外抑瘤试验和接种小鼠的活体抑瘤试验表明，本实验取得的ｒｈＴＮＦ—α具有明显的抑瘤生长作用．     

柱层析法纯化且人肿瘤坏死因子α及其抑瘤作用

半合成人肿瘤坏死因子ＴＮＦ－α在大肠杆菌中高表达，发酵后收集菌体经超声破碎，然后在１２０００ｒ／ｍｉｎ４℃离心１０ｍｉｎ，上清经６０℃热处理３０ｍｉｎ，离心上清用６０％饱和度的硫酸铵沉淀，再依次经过ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－２５，ＤＥＡＥ－５２纤维素和Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ－Ｇ－７５柱层析，得到的纯化ｒｈＴＮｆ－ａ比活性为２×１０＾７ｕ／ｍｇ，回收率为２４％，经过ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳和ＨＰＬＣ鉴定，纯度达９５     

谷氨酸,褪黑素导致海马脑薄片诱发群体峰电位的 …

在大鼠海马脑薄片上电刺激海马Ｓｃｈａｆｆｅｒ侧支纤维，胞外记录ＣＡ１区锥体细胞层诱导群体峰电位（Ｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎ Ｓｐｉｋｅ，ＰＳ），观察灌流谷氨酸（Ｇｌｕ）和褪黑素（ＭＥＬ）４０ｍｉｎ，人工脑脊液冲洗３０ｍｉｎ对ＰＳ的影响，结果显示：不同浓度（１．０、１．２５、２．５和５．０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）的Ｇｌｕ作用下，７０ｍｉｎ末ＰＳ值百分经分别为１５６０．５％、１５０．７％、１３．１％、４．１％；并且Ｇ     

COP絮凝作用研究

本文研究了三种有机阳离子聚合物（胺－环氧缩合物、二烯丙基胺聚合物、二烯丙基胺－二氧化硫共聚物）和无机盐ＦｅＣｌ３、Ａｌ２（ＳＯ４）３、ＡｌＣｌ３以及有机阳离子聚合物与无机盐复配的混合物对含蒙脱土的混浊水的絮凝作用．经过测定混浊水经絮凝后上层清液的透光度和Ｚ电位，确定了各种絮凝剂的最佳使用浓度，并就ＰＨ对ＣＯＰ絮凝作用的影响作了探讨．本文所研究的三种ＣＯＰ絮凝剂，其效果均优于无机盐，其中ＣＯＰ—２絮凝效果更优于其他两种．     

明矾渣制取PACF中Al_2O_3提取率的研究

采用浙江平阳明矾渣，通过焙烧氨浸取，盐酸反应制备新型复合絮凝剂—ＰＡＣＦ．新工艺中Ａｌ２Ｏ３提取率达６３．４％．并得到副产品钾氮复合肥，同时提高产品的稳定性能     

活性艳红X—3B氧化脱色的研究

采用Ｆｅｎｔｏｎ试剂对高浓度活性艳红Ｘ－３Ｂ废水进行氧化脱色。研究表明,ＦｅＳＯ４．７Ｈ２Ｏ＝０．４ｇ／ｌ,Ｈ２Ｏ２＝３．０ｍｌ,ｐＨ＝３－５时,３０ｍｉｎ内的脱色率达９５％以上,１２０ｍｉｎ时残留ＣＯＤｃｒ为８７．６ｍｇ／ｌ．Ｆｅｎｔｏｎ试剂的脱色作用。     

膨润土的提纯,改型及脱水方法研究

对膨润土提纯、改型及改型后膨润土浆液絮凝脱水条件进行了研究．在料浆浓度３５％、稀释浓度５％和沉降悬浮１．５ｈ时得提纯精土浆液（Ⅰ）；Ⅰ与Ｎａ２ＣＯ３（４．０ｇ／１００ｇ干土）在９６℃反应１．５ｈ得钠改型土浆液（Ⅱ）；１００ｇ２．５１％的Ⅱ加入０．５ｇＫＡｌ（ＳＯ４）。在３０℃、ｐＨ＝４时絮凝脱水可使滤饼含固量达３２％．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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