不同送风参数对地板送风系统性能的影响

为了得到地板送风系统理想的送风参数,首先通过正交实验研究不同送风参数对地板送风系统房间温度分布、热舒适性和空气品质的影响,然后采用控制变量法进一步研究送风温度和速度对系统性能的影响,最终通过Energy Plus能耗模拟软件计算得到供冷工况下热分层良好、舒适性较好且能耗较低的理想送风参数.实验结果表明:当旋流风口到人体的距离为0.7 m,送风温度为18~20℃,送风速度在1.2~1.5 m/s时,室内热分层较好,能够满足人员热舒适性和空气品质的需求.对不同送风参数下运行特性与能耗影响的模拟计算表明:在理想送风参数范围内,当送风温度为18℃、送风速度为1.2 m/s时,地板送风系统不仅可以保持较好的热舒适性和良好的热分层,同时还具有较低的能耗.     

建材超市空气场的预测

采用计算流体动力学CFD技术对某建材超市室内空气场形式进行数值模拟,预测了室内温度场、速度场以及浓度场,发现用散流器上送风,送风高度在5米左右时,送风温差在15K以上为宜,散流器垂直方向速度为3m/s时,人员的活动范围内的速度基本符合0.3m/s的要求,有污染物挥发时,通风安全系数应不小于9.验证了空调室内气流的动量传递、热量传递和质量传递的高度类似性.     

移动热湿源廊道热环境的改善及送风参数优化

为有效改善具有移动热湿源的高温高湿廊道热环境,给工人提供舒适的工作环境。以邯郸市某铁渣转运廊道为依托,建立廊道空气与皮带表面热湿耦合传热物理模型,定性分析不同送风温度、送风风速、铁渣温度、皮带运行速度条件下廊道热环境的改善效果,定量探究其对廊道热环境的影响程度,并拟合各影响因素与廊道温度的相关经验关联式。结果表明：对廊道热环境影响程度由大到小依次为：送风温度、送风风速、铁渣温度、皮带运行速度。送风温度越低,送风风速越高,铁渣温度越低,皮带运行速度越小,越能有效改善廊道热环境。送风温度为22°C,送风风速为2m/s,铁渣温度为65°C,皮带速度为3.0m/s为廊道热环境改善的最优组合方式。文章研究成果将为类似廊道内选择合适的通风方式、设备调控及系统优化提供指导。     

三种工况下裸体状态数值假人的热传递模拟

为了探索一种能够取代暖体假人现场实验的有效途径,建立数值气候室,利用计算流体动力学(CFD)的数值模拟方法,在送风温度为20℃、速度为0.05m/s工况下,对数值假人体表自然对流边界空气层的温度、速度场分布及热传递属性参数进行模拟,然后在送风温度为20℃、速度分别为0.15和0.50m/s工况下,对室内混合对流的温度场和速度场以及热传递属性参数进行模拟.研究表明模拟结果具备很高的可靠性.     

单液氮液滴在气流中的蒸发运动特性研究

为了研究低温风洞中液氮喷雾降温蒸发特性,从而从微观上把握整个喷雾过程,以经典蒸发模型为基础,建立了适用于高速气流下的单液滴蒸发模型,计算了高速气流下单个液氮液滴的蒸发过程,得到其蒸发过程中液滴直径、速度、蒸发速率等参数的变化规律,并比较了环境温度、环境压力、气流速度等不同因素对各参数的影响。结果表明:环境温度对液滴蒸发速率影响较大,在100~300K环境温度下,每升高100K,2m的距离内液滴相对蒸发量大约增加18%,而对液滴运动速度则基本没有影响;气流速度越大,对流换热越强,液滴等时间蒸发速率越大,但由于蒸发距离一定,高速气流情况下的实际蒸发量减少,在上述条件下,10~30m/s的速度范围内,相对蒸发量在5%~6%;大粒径液滴具有大的绝对蒸发量,而小粒径液滴的相对蒸发量则较大;随着环境压力的增大,蒸发速率会随之增加。     

高温燃气中单个液滴的蒸发特性

为分析单个液滴在高温燃气中的运动和蒸发过程,考虑了气-液两相耦合,建立了描述整个过程的数理模型,并通过计算获得了液滴直径、速度和平均温度的变化规律以及燃气温度和速度的影响.计算结果显示,较高的燃气温度和速度都能加速蒸发过程.另外发现当燃气温度沿液滴运动方向降低时,存在一个临界液滴直径,小于该值时,燃气速度越高液滴蒸发时间越短,超过该值时,燃气速度越高液滴蒸发时间越长.在文中的计算条件下测得该临界值约为100ìm.所得结果可为雾化液滴群在高温气流中的蒸发特性研究提供依据.     

办公室不同通风方式效果模拟与分析

目的研究夏季办公室置换通风、侧送风和混合通风的特点及效果,探索不同通风方式对室内空气品质和热环境的影响,设计有效的办公室通风系统,创造良好的室内环境.方法利用Airpak软件对置换通风和侧送风进行模拟计算,得出了两种送风方式下室内温度场、速度场以及PMV-PPD指标分布.结果侧送风形式下,空调送风运动轨迹呈抛物线分布,新风抛物线以下工作区域温度较低,主要分布在24~28℃,在人体经常活动的范围内速度大小为0.25 m/s,PMV-PPD指标接近于0.置换通风热力分层,温度自下而上升高,工作区内风速为0.096 m/s,温度为26℃,PMV-PPD指标小于侧送风形式的PMV-PPD指标.混合通风工作区温度分布比较均匀,为28℃左右,但是工作区风速较高,为0.6 m/s.结论办公室采用置换通风方式活动区空气品质好,既能营造良好的工作环境又可利用空气自身浮升力达到节能目的,是一种理想的通风方式.     

基于热舒适的层式通风脉动送风参数优化

脉动送风耦合层式通风,可以在保证良好能效和空气品质的前提下,进一步改善人体热舒适.建立和验证了脉动送风耦合层式通风的室内三维(CFD)模型,计算了26组工况.基于实验验证的动态热舒适评价指标,即时间平均预测平均投票(TAPMV)和时间平均吹风感(TAPD),分析了脉动送风参数(周期总时长、高速期与低速期时长之比、送风速度)对热舒适的影响.利用多目标优化TOPSIS方法可知,当周期总时长为300 s,高速期时长与低速期时长之比为1,高速期的送风速度为1.95 m/s,低速期的送风速度为1.05 m/s时,热舒适综合评价最优.     

基于Fluent的汽车车室舒适度数值模拟

利用CFD商业软件对车室内空气的速度场和温度场进行模拟,对比分析不同的送风角度对车室内舒适度的影响。模拟结果表明：随着送风角度的增大,车室前半部分速度场场变化较大。当送风速度是5m／s,温度是20℃时,送风角度在45°～60°范围内舒适性相对较优。     

空调列车室内流场的数值模拟

运用 K-ε紊流模型对 K2 5型空调列车 (硬座车 )室内气流组织 ,主要是速度场进行了数值模拟 .采用有限单元法和交错网格 ,将送风气流与车厢形状及障碍物作为一体考虑 ,研究了送风方式和送风速度对空调列车室内流场的影响 .结果表明 ,送风方式对空调列车室内流场影响较大 ,而送风速度在 2～ 3m/ s范围内 ,对空调列车室内流场影响较小 .研究结果对空调列车室内气流组织优化设计及舒适性评价提供了依据 .图 9,表 1,参 8     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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