不变伪线矩算法在运动船只目标识别中的应用

为准确得到港口运动船只的特征、且在节约系统资源的同时快速高效地跟踪目标,结合传统不变矩和不变线矩的特点,提出了一种基于不变伪线矩的目标识别算法.进行计算复杂性分析,验证了算法的快速性;同时分析了不变伪线矩的稳定性.使用新算法得到图像中各目标的计算区域,并对计算区域进行边缘检测预处理,通过二值图像计算得到不变伪线矩.评估了新算法的不变伪线矩性能,并进行了仿真测试与分析.结果表明,该算法在准确得到运动目标所在区域特征的同时提高了运算速度,并成功应用于运动船只智能监测系统.     

基于仿射不变矩的轴心轨迹自动识别方法

讨论了仿射不变矩的原理,通过改进仿射不变矩的积分因子,保证了积分因子在仿射变换下的不变性,将仿射不变矩应用于水电机组轴心轨迹特征的提取.通过计算轴心轨迹的仿射不变矩作为特征向量,结合人工神经网络方法,提出了一种高效的轴心轨迹自动识别新方法.对3类典型的轴心轨迹的自动识别进行了仿真试验,并与Hu氏不变矩方法的识别效果进行对比.试验结果表明:采用仿射不变矩方法的轴心轨迹识别率达到95%,明显高于Hu氏不变矩的识别率,仿射不变矩具有比Hu氏不变矩更好的轴心轨迹识别能力.     

基于飞机目标的仿射不变矩研究

在分析不变矩的原理的基础上,将不变矩原理运用于航空图片飞机机型识别,同时提取图 像的三阶仿射不变矩作为特征输入,建立了对飞机图像的识别系统,完成了目标的最后匹配和识别。     

车载视觉系统中机场场面标记牌识别算法

为实现移动车辆精确定位,提出了一种基于机场滑行道标记牌识别的方法。首先对图像进行预处理和二值化,利用数学形态学连通区域最大面积进行分割,实现候选区域(candidate region,CR)预确定;然后设计了一种基于CR区域单个字符连通域的外接矩形面积所占该标记牌牌面总面积的比值和字符宽高比的检验新方法,成功地将字符从背景中分离;最后采用连通域方法分割出单个字符。字符特征提取采用仿射不变矩的方法,选择支持向量机作为识别器,识别率达到96%。经验证,算法可较好地识别出标记牌字符,针对不同图像背景有较强的适应性,为下一步确定移动车辆的位置打下坚实基础。     

基于模型的FLIR图像的多分辨率分割方法

针对低对比度前视红外（ＦＬＩＲ）图像分割问题的特点，将多分辨率图像处理技术与基于模型的前视红外图像分割方法结合起来，提出了基于模型的ＦＬＩＲ图像的多分辨率分割方法．首先建立一金字塔结构的多分辨率图像集，然后在每一固定分辨率级别上使用基于模型的ＦＬＩＲ图像分割方法，并用低分辨率上的分割结果修正高分辨率上迭代的初始概率，最后在原ＦＬＩＲ图像中得到分割结果．该方法能得到更为精确的目标分割结果，并大大减小背景对分割图像的干扰，同时还加快了选代的收敛速度．对实际红外目标图像的分割结果证实了本算法的有效性．     

改进的矩不变阈值分割图像算法

介绍图像的矩以及在保持图像的矩不变的条件下对图像进行两级阈值分割的方法,指出利用该方法分割出来的图像具有过多的无用背景信息.为此,在矩不变阈值算法的基础上提出了两种改进算法,一种是根据特征点检测函数进行迭代;另一种是根据特征点检测函数的均值进行调整,以达到尽量保留图像前景物体信息,去掉无用背景信息的目的.     

电视图像目标实时分割与识别算法

研究一种电视图像目标实时分割和识别算法.在二维图像不变矩和相对矩的基础上,进一步组合优化得出4个不变矩,结合复数矩、圆方差和椭圆方差组成目标特征向量,利用k-近邻法实现目标的识别和分类.图像分割采用改进矩不变阈值分割和基于梯度的自适应阈值分割提取目标.仿真实验表明,提取的目标特征量对于平移、缩放和旋转均能保持较好的不变性.用该分割算法分割的图像边缘清晰,分割时间为8 ms,易于硬件实现.     

用二维阶次规正不变矩识别三维目标

论述了用二维投影图像的矩不变量来识别三维目标的方法。该方法有效地降低了目标识别的维数，简化了目标匹配和识别的算法。通过考察阶次规正不变矩ＯＮＭＩ的性能，证明了ＯＮＭＩ有效地减小特征量的动态范围并提高了其抗噪性。分类结果表明，该特征平衡方法比如加权因子法更有利于目标的识别分类。     

末敏弹红外伪成象探测系统目标识别技术

通过理论分析及计算机模拟,提出了用矩不变法对由末敏弹红外伪成象探测系统获得的在简单背景条件下的目标进行自动识别的实用算法。特别在原不变矩法所使用的7个绝对不变矩(平移、施转、比例不变)的基础上,引进了β函数,改进了原不变矩,使不变矩对图象灰度(强度)有极好的稳定性。这一特性放宽了对图象预处理的要求。另外,该文引用目标投影函数方法计算原点矩,并在理论上和计算机模拟结果中分析了采用二个改进的不变矩描述目标特征的可能性。     

基于椭圆对称方向矩的可见光与红外图像配准算法

针对图像匹配制导中异源图像匹配难度大的问题,提出一种基于椭圆对称方向矩的可见光与红外图像配准算法.基于最稳定极值区域提取异源图像中具有尺度和仿射不变特性的椭圆区域,利用聚类分割方法从中自动选取具有异源不变性的同质区域特征,用椭圆对称方向矩描述区域特征边界各方向上的相似程度,通过互相关性指标进行特征匹配,获取匹配特征对,利用匹配矫正策略减少误匹配.实验结果表明:较传统算法,进一步提高了可见光与红外图像关联特征的匹配效率,正确率超过了95%,计算时间缩短了近一半.基本满足图像匹配制导对匹配算法实时性好、匹配正确率高、抗干扰能力强等要求.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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