机器修理模型分析的新方法

进一步研究服务设备可修的机器修理模型,在引入服务设备的"广义忙期"的基础上,提出了一种新的分析方法--分解法.应用该方法,重新讨论了服务设备的两个主要可靠性指标,即在时刻t服务设备失效的概率和(0,t]内失效的平均次数,而且进一步得到服务设备的这两个主要可靠性指标的重要的分解关系式.     

一种基于角色的知识管理系统的动态组装模

在分析了知识管理系统(KMS)的组装技术和基于角色访问控制(RBAC)的特点的基础上,提出了一种基于角色的知识管理系统动态组装模型,并且还进一步给出了该模型中访问控制表的设计、知识管理系统的动态组装模型和客户程序与知识管理系统构成组件间的交互过程。基于角色的访问控制可以将KMS的使用置于多级的访问控制保护之下,增加了KMS与知识库的安全系数,从而有效地支持知识的动态重用、知识使用过程的动态重组,增强知识管理系统的分布式处理能力和规模可扩展能力,还可以在不影响KMS运行的前提下,实时的更新、升级系统的各个功能;易于实现有效的知识管理,以及知识资源的共享和充分运用。最后,通过一个实例说明了给出模型的实现技术。     

Dynamic models of technology management capability development based on knowledge diffusion

Technology management is recognized as a key for organizations to achieve competitiveness.How to promote an organization's technology management capability is of great significance in creating efficiencies and achieving a competitive edge. The knowledge essence of technology management capability is introduced and then the correlation between knowledge diffusion and the development of technology management capability is discussed. Further, the basic and extended dynamic models of the development of technology management capability are constructed, and is applied into an enterprise. The results show that the dynamic models can well explain how the knowledge improves the development of technology management capability, and they can be used as an useful tool by an enterprise to promote technology management capability. Finally, the managerial implications of the models are discussed.     

农业知识模型研究初探

将数学模型理论运用到知识表达中去,提出了知识模型表达方式思想,并阐述了农业知识模型的基本理论和实现方式,建立了作物气候适应性知识模型系统。参7。     

SYSTEMS METHODOLOGY AND MATHEMATICAL MODELS FOR KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT

This paper first introduces a new discipline knowledge science and the role of systems science inits development. Then, after the discussion on current trend in systems science, the paper proposes anew systems methodology for knowledge management and creation. Finally, the paper discussesmathematical modeling techniques to represent and manage human knowledge that is essentiallyvague and context-dependent.     

一种基于属性的知识地图渐进式增量模型

针对组织知识管理中知识共享问题,运用知识地图作为工具来促进知识共享,在以知识空间三元组(知识,属性,关系)为背景的知识地图及其概念聚类模型基础上,提出了一种基于属性的渐进式增量模型及其概念聚类算法,避免了由于知识空间中知识属性的增加而重新生成整个知识地图的繁琐过程.在知识地图中,知识之间的关系组织有序并得到很好的描述,所以作为知识共享的工具,它可以有效、便捷地查找所需要的知识.最后通过一个案例给出了模型的应用.     

航天企业基于知识流的知识管理体系框架

针对航天企业实施知识管理的薄弱环节,从系统工程角度出发,在简述企业知识管理体系基本功能的基础上,提出了基于知识流的知识管理体系框架和主要设计原则。重点阐述了基于知识流的航天企业知识管理框架模型和知识管理体系框架,并针对航天企业科研生产一体化的特点,分析了航天型号全寿命过程中从预研到研制过程的知识管理流程,以及研制过程与批生产过程的知识集成模式。对知识管理体系框架下科研生产一体化的发展趋势进行了初步探讨。     

BOM-based design knowledge representation and reasoning for collaborative product development

Modern product development becomes increasingly collaborative and integrated, which raises the need for effectively and efficiently sharing and re-using design knowledge in a distributed and collaborative environment. To address this need, a framework is developed in this research to support design knowledge representation, retrieval, reasoning and fusion, which takes account of structural, functional and behavioral data, various design attributes and knowledge reasoning cases. Specifically, a multi-level knowledge representation based on the Base Object Model (BOM) is proposed to enable knowledge sharing using Web services technologies. On this basis, a multi-level knowledge reuse method is developed to support the retrieval, matching and assembly of knowledge records. Due to the tree structure of BOM, both depth-first and breadth-first searching strategies are employed in the retrieval algorithm while a novel measure is proposed to evaluate similarity. Moreover, a method based on the D-S evidence theory is developed to enable knowledge fusion and thus support effective decision-making. The framework has been implemented and integrated into an HLA-based simulation platform on which the development of a missile simulation example is conducted. It is demonstrated in the case study that the proposed framework and methods are useful and effective for design knowledge representation and reuse.     

集装箱码头集成调度模型与混合优化算法

为提高集装箱码头作业中各种设备的协调性,提高整体作业效率,建立了集成调度模型,模型集成了装卸桥、集卡与龙门吊的调度问题.同时,设计了求解模型的混合优化算法,此算法集成了神经网络良好的近似估计功能与模拟退火算法有效的搜索能力.算法流程是:初始化集装箱装卸序列;基于一定的分配规则为集装箱分配作业设备;采用模拟退火算法搜索解空间,更新装卸序列.在算法过程中,用神经网络预测目标函数,并且过滤明显的劣质解.最后,通过算例分析验证了模型与算法的有效性.结果表明,混合优化算法可以提高模型求解效率,对于规模为400个集装箱的调度问题,平均偏差为7.52%,计算时间为8.9s,模型与算法可行.     

On a new hybrid estimator for the central mean space

Existing estimators of the central mean space are known to have uneven performances across different types of link functions. By combining the strength of the ordinary least squares and the principal Hessian directions, the authors propose a new hybrid estimator that successfully recovers the central mean space for a wide range of link functions. Based on the new hybrid estimator, the authors further study the order determination procedure and the marginal coordinate test. The superior performance of the hybrid estimator over existing methods is demonstrated in extensive simulation studies.     

A new approach to model financial markets

This paper deals with the problem of how to take full use of prices information to model financial markets. A range decomposition technique is proposed to decompose the returns into two components. It is proved theoretically that these two components are bi-directional Granger causality, which makes it convenient to establish a vector autoregressive model (VAR). Both simulations and empirical studies are performed, and the results are consistent with the theoretical ones. The range decomposition approach presented in this paper is more efficient in information employment and suggests a new framework to model financial markets.     

A CASE FOR SERVICE SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

A case is made for further developing a branch of systems engineering that focuses on problemsand issues which arise in the service sector We promulgate this special focus not only because of thesize and importance of the service sector but also because of the unique opportunities that systemsengineering can exploit in the design and joint production and delivery of services. We begin byconsidering the economic, technological and demographic contexts within which the service sector hasflourished; we then address both services, especially emerging services, and systems engineering,followed by a discussion of how to advance the field of service systems engineering, and concludingwith several remarks. In particular, a number of service systems engineering methods are identified toenhance the design and production/delivery of services, especially taking advantage of the uniquefeatures that characterize services-namely, services, especially emerging services, are information-driven, customer-centric, e-orien     

Connecting informal networks to management of tacit knowledge

The relationship between tacit knowledge and informal networks has not been fully explored.Tacit knowledge cannot be well managed directly,because it is deeply embedded in individual actions and experiences.This study proposes an approach to managing informal networks as a new middle way to facilitate the sharing and transferring of tacit knowledge,owing to the fact that tacit knowledge is mostly shared and transferred through informal networks.To support the idea of the approach,an empirical case study of applying the approach to management of a large scientific project is also included.Our findings suggest that informal networks play essential roles for management of tacit knowledge,and thus good management of informal networks can lead to efficient sharing and transferring of tacit knowledge.     

混合式能源-经济-环境系统模型构建方法论

目前,国际上用于温室气体(GHG,green house gas)减排影响研究的能源-经济-环境系统综合评价模型的主要建模思路,是在一个模型中同时融合自底向上的部门分析与自顶向下的宏观分析,构建混合模型.其中的难点是如何在一个模型里能够将2种思路协调一致.较详细地介绍构建混合模型的3种主流方法:1)在完整的自底向上的能源系统模型的基础上添加一个简单的宏观经济模块;2)在一个自顶向下的宏观经济模型之内,对能源生产部门采用自底向上的技术描述;3)将2种思路的模型使用几个变量联接起来构建混合模型,每个模型独自运转.通过这3种思路的对比分析,认为遵循第3种思路构建的混合模型应用范围更广泛,能够用于分析复杂的能源系统问题,例如GHG减排的影响及能源系统发展战略选择等.     

一种新的基于混合策略的动态组密钥管理方案

针对大型动态组通信,提出一种基于Iolus LKH SKDC混合策略的组密钥管理方案。该方案中全局组控制器通过密钥树来管理各个子组控制器,每个子组内采用改进的LKH SKDC方案管理子组成员;子组管理器根据成员ID值,利用单向散列函数计算成员所在路径上各节点密钥值。该方案具有分组管理和集中管理的优点以及良好的可伸缩性,它使LKH方案中的单点失效问题限制在子组范围内,不会对全局产生影响。理论分析和数值结果表明,该方案中子组管理器的密钥存储和动态更新开销大大减少,且用户在加入和退出子组时不会随机产生更新密钥,具有较好的综合性能。     

服务外包中的客户企业参与度逆向选择模型

客户企业通过参与外包服务项目生产降低服务商生产成本,可达到减少服务费用支付的目的.然而,在不对称信息下客户企业不清楚参与行为对服务商生产成本的影响程度.针对不对称信息下客户企业参与度决策问题,建立客户企业参与度逆向选择模型,通过模型求解得到了客户企业参与度与服务费用支付相结合的服务外包合约菜单,并对合约菜单相关性质进行了分析.研究表明,当客户企业参与对服务商成本影响较小时,客户企业能设计出分离合约菜单;反之,靠近最高成本类型的服务商区域将产生混同,且客户企业参与对服务商成本影响越大,混同区域越大.     

应用混合进化策略辨识Wiener-Hammerstein模型

提出了一种基于进化策略的多输入单输出Wiener-Hammerstein模型辨识新方法。该方法的基本思想是将模型辨识问题转化为非线性不可微函数优化问题,然后采用进化策略获得该优化问题的解。为了进一步增强进化策略辨识的性能,提出一种混合进化策略方法。混合进化策略采用如下方法以提高算法的全局寻优能力:基本排序的高斯-柯西自适应混合变异算子;策略参数的中间重组和均匀扰动;混合选择方案。仿真结果验证了上述混合进化策略辨识方法的有效性。     

A proportional 3-tuple fuzzy linguistic representation model for screening new product projects

It is critically important for companies to screen new product projects before they are launched to the market. So far, many approaches have been developed for tackling the process of screening product innovations. Due to uncertain, vague and incomplete information as well as dynamically complex process regarding to new product development (NPD), a fuzzy linguistic approach employed linguistic assessments and the fuzzy-set-based computation is reasonable for screening new products. However, such a fuzzy linguistic approach faces with various defects and limitations, such as loss of information, failing in considering the aspects related to human nature on uncertain subjective judgments etc. These defects and limitations lead to a dilemma, i.e., it’s very difficult to screen new product projects reasonably and precisely. In this paper, we propose a notion of proportional 3-tuple to represent a linguistic assessment and related ignoring information, and a preference-preserving proportional 3-tuple transformation for the unification of linguistic assessments represented by proportional 3-tuples between two different linguistic term sets. On this basis, a proportional 3-tuple fuzzy linguistic representation model for screening new product projects is developed. It is shown that the proposed model is flexible to handle uncertain, vague and incomplete information related to screening new product projects. It not only allows evaluators to express their subjective judgments with different confidence levels, but is also able to deal with incomplete linguistic assessments. Ultimately, the proposed model also improves the precision and reasonability of the screening result.     

General systems: A basis for knowledge engineering

General systems formalizations of expert knowledge play a foundational role in the process of knowledge engineering of intelligent systems. Canonical definitions of systems (knowledge structures) which have been arrived at by a crossdisciplinary inductive modeling process are shown to be the basis for the modeling of certain generic categories of expert reasoning processes which are of current interest in knowledge engineering. The methodology for transforming the representation of knowledge expressed in general systems formalizations to the representation of that knowledge in expert systems is also developed. In particular, transformations from general systems formalizations into frames are presented.