油菜抗菌肽的分离及抑菌机制的初步研究

LwIP是一套用于嵌入式系统的开源、精简后的TCP/IP协议,具有移植性强、资源占用率低等特点.基于嵌入式系统的网络通信需要,论述了LwIP在uC/OS操作系统和S3C4510B处理器平台的实现方法,完成了LwIP的移植,为嵌入式系统与Internet网络互联提供了一种可行的解决方案.     

抗菌肽抑菌机制的质膜相关研究方法

天然抗菌肽主要由无脊椎动物、脊椎动物和植物的组织或者细胞表达分泌而来,其种类繁多,结构复杂.各类抗菌肽由于其结构和组成的不同导致其作用机制也各不相同.但由于抗菌肽主要作用于靶细胞的质膜,因此关于抗菌肽作用机制的研究也主要集中在对靶细胞质膜结构影响的研究.文中综述了近年来抗菌肽抑菌机制研究中质膜相关研究方法,旨在为开展新型抗菌肽作用机制研究提供参考.     

家蚕抗菌肽的一些性质及抗肿瘤活性

由Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉＫ１２Ｄ３１诱导的家蚕血淋巴中提取的抗菌肽对热稳定，高温高压处理３０分钟仍保持原有活性。抗菌肽对木瓜蛋白酶不敏感，对蛋白酶Ｅ较敏感，而对蛋白酶Ｋ和胰蛋白酶则极为敏感，抗菌肽对ＰＨ的变化较为稳定，在ＰＨ２．２－８．０的范围内活性基本不变，肿瘤模型实验观察到免疫血淋巴对宫颈瘤有明显的抑瘤作用。抗菌肽与Ｋ５６２人髓样白血病细胞混合培育一定时间后，电镜观察可看到细胞膜和细胞器发生明显变化，最     

虎杖中大黄素的分离及抗菌活性的初步研究

采用pH梯度法提取虎杖中的大黄素,波谱分析鉴定其结构,然后用滤纸扩散法及薄层色谱自显影生物技术研究其对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、绿脓杆菌、草分枝杆菌的抗菌效果．结果显示：大黄素对这5种细菌均有抑制作用,其在薄层色谱板上最小的抑菌量分别是：金黄色葡萄球菌为2．35μg;大肠杆菌为75μg;枯草芽孢杆菌为4．7μg;绿脓杆菌为4．7μg;草分枝杆菌为18．8μg．     

悬铃木叶片暗棕色抑菌色素的分离纯化及特性的初步研究

以碱提取，酸沉淀和ｓｉｌｉｃａ ｇｅｌ，Ａｌ２Ｏ３及ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－２５柱层析分离纯化等步骤，从悬铃木落叶中制备得到了一种暗棕色化合物，经ＰＡＧＥ，ＰＬＣ有ＴＬＣ检测均为单一谱带或单一斑点。     

一株白及内生细菌的分离鉴定及抑菌机理初步研究

从药用植物白及中分离内生细菌,采用滤纸片扩散法进行抗菌活性筛选,最终得到能够对4种致病菌(金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、藤黄微球菌、胡萝卜果胶杆菌)有不同抑制作用的内生细菌BSR2010;采用3种有机溶液(乙酸乙酯、石油醚、正丁醇)对该菌株的发酵产物进行萃取并检测其抑菌活性,发现抑菌活性最强的为乙酸乙酯提取物;根据内生细菌...     

含SPXX序列肽的设计合成及抑菌抗肿瘤活性研究

根据纺锤霉素的晶体结构及与ＤＮＡ作用方式，我们设计合成了３个含ＳＰＸＸ序列的十肽，它们在空间构象上与纺锤霉素类似。     

杜仲内生真菌的分离鉴定及其抑菌活性研究

从药用植物杜仲中分离到41株内生真菌,综合运用形态特征和分子生物学技术,明确其分类地位,分别属于粗糙脉孢霉(Neurospora crassa)、曲霉属(Aspergillus)、小菌核属(Sclerotium)、盾壳霉属(Coniothyrium)、离蠕孢属(Bipolaris)、白僵菌属(Beauveria)6个属,并进行抗植物病原真菌活性检测,结果表明48.8%的内生真菌对植物病原菌有生长抑制作用,除1株白僵菌属菌株外对G+、G-细菌均有明显的抑菌作用.     

丝裂亚菊精油抗氧化、抑菌活性及抑菌机理初步研究

对丝裂亚菊精油进行成分分析,测定抗氧化活性和抑菌活性并初步研究其抑菌机理.蒸馏法提取丝裂亚菊精油并对其成分进行气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分析;滤纸片法定性测定其抑菌活性,倍比稀释法定量测定最低抑菌浓度和最低杀菌浓度;1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼测定抗氧化能力;扫描电镜观察精油对测试菌种细胞壁膜的影响.GC-MS分析...     

小桐子生物碱粗提物杀虫抑菌活性的初步研究

目的 为了探索小桐子综合开发利用的价值,对小桐子生物碱粗提物杀虫抑菌活性进行初步研究。方法 以攀西地区2种农业主要害虫（甘蓝蚜虫、菜青虫）和3种病原菌（石榴干腐病菌、苹果腐烂病菌和草莓灰霉病菌）为试验材料,采用点滴法和生长速率法对小桐子生物碱粗提物的杀虫抑菌活性进行了生物测定。结果 在杀虫活性方面,小桐子生物碱粗提物对同翅目甘蓝蚜虫和鳞翅目菜青虫均具有较高触杀活性,其LC₅₀值范围为42.247 8~46.249 7 mg/L,LC₉₀值范围为331.714 0~342.491 7 mg/L,总体上与2.5%溴氰菊酯EC的杀虫效果相当;在抑制病原真菌方面,小桐子生物碱粗提物对石榴干腐病菌、苹果腐烂病菌和草莓灰霉病菌的EC₅₀分别为 70.635 5、52.400 6和133.412 2mg/L,其抑菌效果一定程度上优于对照药剂50%多菌灵WP。结论 小桐子提取物有较强的杀虫抑菌作用,在植物源农药的开发方面具有良好的应用前景。     

Detection of DNA methylation changes during seed germination in rapeseed （Brassica napus）

DNA methylation is a common yet important modi- fication of DNA in eukaryotic organisms. DNA methy- lation, especially methylation of cytosine (m5C), have both epigenetic and mutagenic effects on various cellu- lar activities such as differential gene exp…     

转EPSPS基因抗草苷膦油菜基因漂移的初步研究

草苷膦是一种广谱内吸传导型除草剂[1].草苷膦通过竞争性抑制植物莽草酸代谢过程中磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸莽草酸-3-磷酸合酶(简称为EPSPS)活性,阻断芳香族氨基酸的生物合成导致植物死亡[2].因此,转EPSPS基因(来自微生物的基因)作物对草苷膦类型的除草剂具有抗性.在1996~2004年的9年间,抗除草剂生物技术产品一直占市场的主导地位.2004年,全球种植的抗除草剂的转基因作物有油菜、大豆、玉米及棉花等,种植面积共计有5,860万公顷,占全球转基因作物总种植面积(8,100万公顷)的72%.抗除草剂油菜品种在国外已广泛种植,据国际农业生物技术应用服务组…     

甘蓝型油菜乙醇酸氧化酶(GO)基因片段的克隆及hpRNA表达载体构建

通过PCR从甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus)华双4号基因组DNA中扩增出乙醇酸氧化酶(GO)基因片段,DNA序列分析表明扩增GO基因片段的外显子部分与报道序列相同.以扩增出的GO基因片段作模板从一端设计引物扩增出一个相应的小片段.将GO基因大小两个片段反向连接,插入到植物表达载体2300-nap的napin启动子和nos终止子之间,植物表达载体2300-35S的35S启动子和nos终止子之间,分别构建成可转录表达出发夹RNA(hairpin RNA,hpRNA)结构的种子特异型和组成型油菜hpRNA干扰载体.     

Pollen-mediated gene flow in Chinese commercial fields of glufosinate-resistant canola(Brassica napus)

One of the most pressing issues surrounding transgenic oilseed rape cultivation is the potential impact of GM genes entering neighboring non-GM oilseed rape plants, related weeds or closely related wild relatives. Following the principle of a case-by-case for transgenic crop safety assessment, we designed experiments to study pollen-mediated gene flow from herbicide-resistant transgenic oilseed rape to Chinese commercial varieties. The pollen dispersal was detected as the progeny of recipient plants that were identified as glufosinate resistant. The results indicated that pollen dispersal occurred up to 2000 m and its rate sharply decreased as the distance from the pollen source increased. However, the rate of long-distance pollen dispersal from 33 to 2000 m was less than 0.015% and did not present a gradual decrease, indicating the randomization of dispersal and pollination. Most pollen dispersed within a 4.5 m area around the transgenic pollen source plot, with a maximum of 1.19% at the sampling site of 1.4 m. Wind direction significantly affected the direction and the distance of pollen dispersal, resulting in the more and farther dispersal in southwest direction. However, the number of potentially pollinating bees was not correlated with direction and distance from the pollen source plot, suggesting that bee density and distribution would not contribute to the differences in pollen dispersal among different directions. This paper is the first report on research in a large-scale experiment of pollen-mediated gene flow un-der the China’s environmental conditions and provided scientific evidence for the effective commer-cialization of transgenic oilseed rape and its safe management. Our results also provided important data on pollen spatial distribution pattern.     

Pollen-mediated gene flow in Chinese commercial fields of glufosinate-resistant canola （Brassica napus）

One of the most pressing issues surrounding transgenic oilseed rape cultivation is the potential impact of GM genes entering neighboring non-GM oilseed rape plants, related weeds or closely related wild relatives. Following the principle of a case-by-case for transgenic crop safety assessment, we designed experiments to study pollen-mediated gene flow from herbicide-resistant transgenic oilseed rape to Chinese commercial varieties. The pollen dispersal was detected as the progeny of recipient plants that were identified as glufosinate resistant. The results indicated that pollen dispersal occurred up to 2000 m and its rate sharply decreased as the distance from the pollen source increased. However, the rate of long-distance pollen dispersal from 33 to 2000 m was less than 0.015% and did not present a gradual decrease, indicating the randomization of dispersal and pollination. Most pollen dispersed within a 4.5 m area around the transgenic pollen source plot, with a maximum of 1.19% at the sampling site of 1.4 m. Wind direction significantly affected the direction and the distance of pollen dispersal, resulting in the more and farther dispersal in southwest direction. However, the number of potentially pollinating bees was not correlated with direction and distance from the pollen source plot, suggesting that bee density and distribution would not contribute to the differences in pollen dispersal among different directions. This paper is the first report on research in a large-scale experiment of pollen-mediated gene flow under the China＇s environmental conditions and provided scientific evidence for the effective commercialization of transgenic oilseed rape and its safe management. Our results also provided important data on pollen spatial distribution pattern.     

甘蓝型油菜青杂7号实验室快速纯度鉴定技术体系的建立

为了建立准确高效的青杂7号杂交种种子纯度鉴定方法,并促进青杂7号的推广。本研究选用青杂7号的恢复系、不育系及F1杂交种,利用60对SSR引物对其进行分析并利用大田制种群体对标记进行验证。同时对碱裂解DNA快速提取方法进行了优化。结果表明:得到的1对SSR共显性标记P49,该标记的鉴定结果与大田鉴定结果基本一致,但SSR标记检测方法比大田检测更快更准确;优化的DNA快速提取方法提取的DNA可以稳定扩增出清晰可见的条带,可以应用于鉴定油菜杂交种纯度,进一步加快了油菜杂交种纯度鉴定的速度。     

甘蓝型油菜FAE1基因启动子的克隆和瞬时表达载体的构建及功能分析

油菜脂肪酸延长酶基因FAE1是广泛存在于植物中并定位于内质网上的一种能催化脂肪酸碳链延长的酮脂酰CoA合成酶,根据GenBank上已知的植物FAE1基因启动子序列设计引物,以从甘蓝型油菜(Braccica napus.L)叶片中提取的总DNA为模板,进行PCR扩增,获得了1 328 bp的片段.回收该片段,并连接到pMD18-T载体测序.序列在NCBI进行blast比对,同源性为99.78%,说明该片段与植物中已知的FAE1基因的启动子序列有极高的相似性.将该片段替换掉改造后的pBI221上面的35S启动子从而构建了原生质体瞬时表达载体.然后通过PEG介导的方式将含有FAE1启动子驱动的荧光素酶报告基因(LUC)表达载体导入油菜原生质体中,研究报告基因表达量,证明出脱落酸(ABA)影响了报告基因的表达,随着ABA浓度的不断增加,LUC的表达量呈现逐步下降的趋势.     

春性甘蓝型油菜细胞质雄性不育系的结实性评价

在两个环境条件下,考察了4个春油菜不育系的育性、花器性状和结实性.结果表明:4个不育系的育性稳定性和结实性差异较大,105A的不育性稳定且彻底,花瓣张开角度大(83.64°),结实指数和单株产量最高;318A和025A的育性稳定性较差,花瓣张开角度小(41.18°、44°),结实指数和单株产量均较低;改良144A的上述性状介于105A和025A之间.影响不育系结实指数的主要因素是花期闭蕾率和花瓣张开角度.花瓣张开角度小会增加蜜蜂从基部进入花朵内采蜜的几率,从而降低蜜蜂对不育系的授粉效果.