海水环境下高含水率疏浚泥不排水强度特性研究

通过采用高精度的十字板测试仪开展不同盐度下疏浚淤泥不排水强度试验,探讨盐度对疏浚淤泥不排水强度的影响规律,明确海水环境下疏浚淤泥的不排水强度特性。试验成果表明,海水环境下,高含水率疏浚泥的破坏方式可分为应变硬化形和应变软化型两种。盐度对疏浚泥不排水强度的影响程度随土样液限的增加而增加,盐度小于2%时,疏浚泥不排水强度随盐度的增加而降低较大,盐度大于2%时,疏浚泥不排水强度随盐度的增加变化较小。最后,将海水环境下疏浚泥的液限作为归一化参数归一化疏浚泥的不排水强度,并获得海水环境下高含水率疏浚泥不排水强度的预测公式。     

吹填中疏浚泥颗粒运移及分选若干关键问题的探讨

为了确定处理面积和选择合理的处理方法,以节约工程成本和达到良好的处理效果,需要对吹填时疏浚泥颗粒在堆场内运移及分选的规律进行研究。以泥沙运动力学为理论基础,结合南水北调东线江苏段淮安金宝航道N1疏浚泥堆场的现场调查和试验结果,对吹填时疏浚泥颗粒运移及分选若干关键问题(如堆场分区、疏浚泥分层特性、疏浚泥沉降行为、疏浚泥流体类型等)进行了深入的探讨,得出如下结论:①美国的疏浚工程手册EM1110-2-5027以粒径0.075 mm将堆场分为粗颗粒区和细颗粒区是合理、可应用于国内疏浚工程实践的,颗粒分选发生于细颗粒区;②吹填过程中堆场内上层泥浆一般为牛顿体和过渡区流体,淡水环境下颗粒的沉降行为主要为絮凝沉降,颗粒运移及分选主要发生于上层泥浆中,参与分选的颗粒主要为悬移质;③疏浚泥颗粒分选是在一定的水动力条件和堆场边界条件下,细颗粒在液相泥浆中运移时,由于粒度的差异而产生的分区域沉降行为。     

初始含水率和掺砂量对吹填土沉降的影响

吹填土的沉降是非线性的变速过程,初始含水率和掺砂量对其有直接影响.通过沉降柱试验研究了吹填泥浆的自重沉降特性,发现沉降过程分为3个阶段.通过量筒试验进行了不同初始含水率和掺砂比吹填泥浆的静水自重沉降试验,分别对其沉降量、沉降速率、孔隙比、沉积物含水率变化进行分析,并研究了初始含水率和掺砂比对沉降的影响.分析结果表明:初始含水率较高的吹填泥浆沉降更快,沉降量拐点出现较早,在拐点之后沉降量变化较小;初始含水率较低的吹填泥浆在开始阶段即存在自重固结现象,沉降较慢,沉降量拐点出现较晚,较小的沉降模型甚至没有明显的拐点.掺砂量对前期沉降量影响不大,对自重固结阶段沉降量影响较大,但其对初始含水率较高的吹填泥浆的沉降影响不明显.     

南水北调东线工程高含水量疏浚淤泥材料化处理方法

针对南水北调东线工程中产生的大量高含水量疏浚淤泥处理难的实际工程问题,通过外加生石灰的方法对高含水量疏浚淤泥进行了改性处理,将高含水量疏浚淤泥处理成了一种可以作为淤泥堆场围堰、河堤培土加固等实际工程填土材料的松散良质土.室内试验结果表明:添加生石灰处理高含水量疏浚淤泥时,改良土塑性指数随着掺灰比的增加而降低;在同一掺灰比下,原泥初始含水量低的生石灰处理土的塑性指数比原泥初始含水量高的生石灰处理土低;处理土塑性指数的改变主要发生在龄期的前3 d.     

高含水率疏浚泥自重沉积过程中颗粒分选规律

通过疏浚泥自重沉积试验,对沉积结束后的疏浚泥进行分层取样,并进行颗粒粒径分析,探讨高含水率疏浚泥自重沉积过程中颗粒分选规律.试验结果表明:初始含水率越高,液限、黏粒质量分数越低,土样越容易发生分选.导入分选度定量评价疏浚泥的颗粒分选程度,建立了分选度随初始含水率变化规律模型,该模型中将土样随初始含水率由低至高分为3个阶段:不分选阶段、分选度增长阶段和分选度稳定阶段,并给出了临界含水率的变化趋势.另外,对于初始状态处于分选度稳定阶段的疏浚泥,分选后的黏粒质量分数沿深度呈分段线性分布,且与初始含水率无关.     

淤泥高温固结模拟试验与分析

为了减少淤泥对施工、环境以及工程安全方面的危害,特进行淤泥高温固结的模拟试验,以探究淤泥在高温条件下的固结规律。试验通过控制加热管温度与淤泥的含水率,进行只含有1个变量的对比试验,通过整理、分析各温度仪读数来研究加热温度以及含水率对加热效率的影响,通过整理、分析电能表读数来研究能量消耗情况。结果表明:单热源系统中,淤泥升温过程可分为初始升温阶段、低温维持阶段、高温升温阶段、高温维持阶段;含水率相同时,热源温度越高,相同位置的淤泥升高相同温度消耗的能量越多;热源温度相同时,含水率越高,相同位置的淤泥升高相同温度消耗的能量越多;淤泥导热性较差,含水率越低,其导热性越差。试验结果与规律分析可为解决具体施工过程中的淤泥处理问题提供参考。     

海水环境下初始含水率对蒙脱土压缩特性影响规律研究

通过开展不同盐度、不同初始含水率的蒙脱土压缩试验,探讨海水环境下初始含水率对蒙脱土压缩特性的影响规律。试验结果显示,在初始含水率大于1.5倍液限时,盐度对重塑屈服应力的影响比较小;在初始含水率小于1.5倍液限时,盐度对重塑屈服应力有显著影响,且盐度越低影响越大。另外,盐度较低时初始含水率对e*100和C*c影响比较大,且均随着初始含水率的增加而增加。     

透气真空排水法对疏浚淤泥表面水的促排作用

通过自行研制的模型试验装置,进行了16组不同控制条件下的透气真空排水室内模型试验,得出了采用透气真空排水法各试验的淤泥试样表面水层厚度.在相同试验容器内进行相同初始含水率疏浚淤泥的自然静置沉降试验,对比了自然静置沉降试验与透气真空排水试验的表面水排出率.结果表明:透气真空排水试验的表面水层厚度大于自然静置沉降试验中的表面水层厚度;透气真空排水法能够促进淤泥向上表面排出水分.通过排水面和淤泥颗粒受力分析,从颗粒絮凝的"絮凝-断裂"沉降过程以及下部支撑淤泥层的"抽空"效应解释了透气真空排水法促进表面水排出的机理.     

吹填泥浆的沉降试验研究及结果分析

利用海相淤泥吹填造陆是沿海地区土地开发的重要手段之一,对大面积且深厚的吹填淤泥进行软基处理是确保吹填造陆成功的关键.而该软土在吹填之后需要经2～3a的自然沉积固结,待表面形成硬壳,方可加固处理,但由于受工程条件限制,这种造陆方式在时间和财力上的耗费都很大,如何使吹填之后泥浆的快速落淤及排水固结,急需有适合自身工程特点的加固处理方法,本文以些为研究中心,采用沉降柱试验方法,对掺入不同配比和不同种类的添加剂加速吹填泥浆沉降及固结的方法加以探讨和分析.     

疏浚泥浆的混凝沉降特性及絮体形态

疏浚工程中会产生大量的疏浚泥浆,其浓度低、颗粒细小、长期悬浮难以沉降,占用大量土地。利用聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)为混凝剂加速泥浆泥水分离,通过沉降界面高度、沉降速率及沉降后上覆水的浊度,确定混凝剂的最佳投加量,利用激光粒度仪和显微镜对絮体粒径及絮体形态进行分析,探究疏浚泥浆的混凝沉降特性及混凝机制,并提出混凝沉降模式。结果表明,在PAM作用下,疏浚泥浆在高混合强度、短时间内即形成较大、较密实的絮体,5 min内基本处于沉降稳定状态;PAM最佳投加量与泥浆含固量有关,为0.8wt%,此时沉降高度最高、沉降速度最快、上覆水浊度最低、絮体粒径基本保持不变、絮体分形维数为最大值。疏浚泥浆的混凝沉降过程经历快速沉降、缓慢沉降、稳定三个阶段,即絮团的沉降、压缩、自重固结过程。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that