滇西北黄背栎林生物量和净第一性生产力的初步研究

采用经典的维量分析法，对滇西北黄背栋林的生物量和净第一性生产力作了初步的研究。发现黄背栎林生物量和净第一性生产力都比较高，生物量３５４．４７６ｔ／ｈｍ￣２、净第一性生产力１７．５６６ｔ／ｈｍ￣２·ａ。认为黄背栎的丛生特性使其森林乔木层密度较大，从而导致较大的生物量和净第一性生产力。但是，黄背栎林为单优势森林，林下更新差，应加强保护以开发林副产品。     

滇西北油麦吊云杉林净第一性生产力的初步研究

本文研究了滇西北油麦吊云杉林的净第一性生产力。林龄大，净第一性生产力也大。林龄约５０年和１５０年林分的净第一性生产力分别为５．０３１５ｔ／ｈｍ￣２·ａ和１３．７５６０ｔ／ｈｍ￣２．ａ；油麦吊云杉净第一性生产力占群落净第一性生产力的９２．０３％和６５．３９％；木材的净第一性生产力为１．３４３１和４．１４１７ｔ／ｈｍ￣２·ａ，仅占群落净第一性生产力的２６．６９％和３０．１０％。     

滇西北高山松林净第一性生产力的初步研究

本文研究了滇西北高山松林的净第一性生产力。林龄大净第一性生产力小。林龄约４０年的林分，净第一性生产力１２．１９２ｔ／ｈｍ￣２·ａ，林龄约１００年者为１０．０１３ｔ／ｈｍ￣２·ａ；高山松净第一性生产力为９．８４９和５．６２１ｔ／ｈｍ￣２·ａ，占群落净第一性生产力的８０．８４９％和５６．１４％；随着林龄增加，高山松的净策一性生产力及其在群落中所占的比例也逐渐减少，而其它树种的有所增加；在各器官中，叶的净第一性生产力最高，占３４％～３７％，其次为树干木材，占２１．６２％～２７．４４％。     

滇西北高山松林生物量的初步研究

本文研究了滇西北高山松林的生物量。林龄大生物量减小。林龄约４０年和１００年的林分，生物量分别为２９４．３０６ｔ／ｈｍ￣２和２３１．４９５ｔ／ｈｍ￣２；在各器官中，树干生物量（１４３．５３２ｔ／ｈｍ￣２和１０２．１２０ｔ／ｈｍ￣２）最大，占群落总生物量的４８．９０％和４４．２４％；乔木一层（亦即高山松）的生物量２５４．２８３ｔ／ｈｍ￣２和１７１．４０８ｔ／ｈｍ￣２，占群落总生物量的８６．４１％和７４．０４％；与林龄约４０年的林分相比较，林龄约１００年的高山松林中，高山松生物量所占比例减小而黄背栎等树种的生物量增大。     

云南中甸长苞冷杉群落的生物量和净生产量研究

本文研究了云南中甸县吉迪村长苞冷杉群落的生物量和净生产量。结果为：长苞冷杉群落的生物量为３５１．６２３ｔ／ｈｍ￣２，其中乔木层占９７．８７％，灌木层占０．１４％，草本层占０．１７％，苔藓层占０．６７％，凋落物占１．１５％。群落的净生产量为１２３０．６ｇ／ｍ￣２·ａ，其中乔木层占９４．６２％，灌木层占０．７０％，草本层占１．６３％，苔藓层占３．０５％，优势种长苞冷杉的生物量和净生产量分别为３３４．７７７ｔ／ｈｍ￣２和１０９７．８ｇ／ｍ￣２·ａ，分别占群落总量的９５．２１％和８９．２１％。其它乔木材种的生物量和净生产量分别为９．３６４ｔ／ｈｍ￣２和６６．６ｇ／ｍ￣２·ａ，分别占群落总量的２．６６％和５．４１％。     

空青山次生栎林细根周转

对苏南空青山次生栎林细根周转进行了研究，结果表明，栎林细根的年周转率为０．３７，活细根和死细根的生物量分别为１６８０９．１７ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２和３２７３．０４ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２，细根年生长量为６１９２．４３ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２，约占地上部分净初级生产力总量的４７％，细根年死亡量为４３．０２．３１ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２，占地上部分年凋落物总量的４５％。因此，在森林生态系统养分循环和凋落物中，细根对归还土壤养分起着重要作用     

黄毛青冈群落的生物量研究

黄毛青冈群落是滇中半湿润常绿阔叶林的另一个群落类型。群落的总生物量为１３５，９０９ｔ／ｈｍ￣２，其中树干占４８．３６％，枝占１５．４４％，叶占４．５１％，根占２７．７６％，凋落量占３．９３％群落的活生物童为１３０．５６９ｔ／ｈｍ￣２，优势种黄毛青冈占５３．９５％，其它栎类占１６．５８％，其它常绿阔叶树占１８２８％，落叶树占７，１５％，灌木占３．８８％，草本植物占０．１６％。     

元江栲群落的生物量研究

本文研究了滇中半湿润常绿阔叶林元江栲群落的生物量。群落的总生物量为２６９．７２９ｔ／ｈｍ￣２，其中树干占５４．６９％，枝占１６．６８％，叶占２．９２％，根占２２．４０％，凋落物占３．３１％。群落的活生物量为２６０．８１１／ｈｍ￣２，其中优势种元江栲占６５．４３％，其它栎类占１８．１０％，其它常绿树占９．３２％，落叶树占６．７５％，灌木种占０．２１％，草本植物占０．０２％。     

滇西北油麦吊云杉林生物量的初步研究

本文研究了滇西北油麦吊云杉林的生物量。林龄大生物量也大，林龄约５０年和１５０年的林分，生物量分别为１２９．５２２９ｔ／ｈｍ￣２和３１３．９８５３ｔ／ｈｍ￣２；在各器官中，木材生物量最大，占群落总生物量的５３．２０％和６０．２５％；乔木一层的生物量占群落总生物量的９３．８０％和９６．３８％；油麦吊云杉的生物量占群落生物量的７６．７８％和７７．１２％。     

甘薯新品种“渝薯20”的选育研究

介绍了对甘薯食用,食品加工用新品种“渝薯２０”的生产力和主要经济性状的鉴定结果,在重庆市甘薯新品种区域试验中,“渝薯２０”３年平均鲜薯产量为２７．０７ｔ／ｈｍ￣２,薯干产量为７．４３ｔ／ｈｍ￣２,藤叶产量为２５．１７ｔ／ｈｍ￣２。其中,鲜薯产量比对照品种“徐薯１８”增产１１．６７％;薯干和藤叶产量比其减产２．８８％和２３．１５％。该品种薯块烘干率２７．４７％,含淀粉１８．７％、Ｖｃ１９．６ｍｇ／１００ｇ、β－胡萝卜素４６９．６μｇ／１００ｇ;以干基计,含粗蛋白３．８％、氨基酸３．３％、可溶性糖１２．４％。“渝薯２０”萌芽性、耐贮性好,结薯较早,净同化率高,抗旱性、早收性、抗黑斑病性较好,１９９３年已推广４０００ｈｍ￣２以上。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that