复合快渗系统处理生活污水的模拟试验研究

用自制的实验室快速渗滤系统模拟反应器对生活污水进行处理.研究结果表明,此套实验室模拟快渗处理生活污水系统对CODCr、TN、TP去除效果良好,对CODCr的去除率最大值为95.4%,TN为74.7%,TP为83.5%.在布水4 d后,出水CODCr,TN和TP质量浓度分别稳定在20 mg/L,20 mg/L和1.5 mg/L以下.     

重污染河道水解酸化-人工湿地修复工艺技术

目的探寻适合改善我国北方地区重污染河道的一种实用技术,提出水解酸化-人工湿地处理工艺,达到改善其水质的目的.方法分析辽宁省白塔堡河流受污染状况,采用水解酸化预处理,经预曝气装置进行充氧,然后污水经人工潜流湿地进行深度处理的"水解酸化-预曝气-人工湿地"组合工艺对水体水质进行改善.结果白塔堡河污水采用水解酸化-人工湿地技术处理后,出水CODCr、BOD5、TP、TN、NH3-N和SS的质量浓度分别为20~30 mg/L、5.5~14 mg/L、0.11~0.47 mg/L、14~24 mg/L、2.3~7.6 mg/L和8~16 mg/L.系统对CODCr、BOD5、TP、TN、NH3-N和SS的去除率分别为75%~90%、90%~95%、90%~97%、50%~67%、76%~91%和79%~90%.结论水解酸化-预曝气-人工湿地技术处理白塔堡河污水能够取得良好的效果,出水水质中除ρ(TN)和ρ(NH3-N)较高外,CODCr、BOD5和TP的平均出水质量浓度均达到了《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838—2002)中的Ⅴ类标准.     

生物接触氧化法处理农村河道受污染水体中试研究

为了提高生物接触氧化法修复农村受污染河道水体的处理效果,构建了处理规模为150 m~3/d的河道模拟装置,系统开展了生物接触氧化法处理农村河道受污染水体运行控制参数优化研究。讨论了弹性填料、组合填料、悬浮球填料在较佳工况下对CODCr、NH_4~+-N、TN、TP的去除效果。结果表明:气水比6∶1~8∶1、CODCr容积负荷0.1~0.5 kg/(m~3·d)、水力负荷2.4~7.2 m~3/(m~3·d)时,系统对污染物有较好的去除效果。中试系统较优工况运行时,相较于空白对照,装填填料对各污染物的去除效率提高20%~30%。组合填料对CODCr、NH_4+~-N、TN、TP的去除率分别稳定在74.87%、78.37%、34.39%、44.69%以上,优于弹性填料和悬浮球填料。研究结果可为提高生物接触氧化法对农村河道受污染水体处理效果提供技术支持,对生物接触氧化法修复受损河道水体工程实践具备一定的参考意义。     

强化型硫铁矿自养反硝化工艺深度处理城市二沉尾水研究

为实现硫铁矿自养反硝化工艺快速启动,提高出水稳定性,将以硫铁矿为填料的硫自养反硝化生物滤池反应器(1号反应器)作为对照组,分别构建了以硫铁矿/石灰石和硫铁矿/硫黄为填料的强化型硫铁矿生物滤池反应器(2号、3号反应器)处理城市污水处理厂二沉尾水,从去除效果、出水水质的角度来评价强化工艺的可行性,并通过微生物群落分析来探究强化工艺的强化机理.结果表明：当反应温度为31～33℃,水力停留时间(HRT)为2.2 h时,3个生物滤池反应器总氮(TN)去除率分别为91.3%(1号反应器)、84.5%(2号反应器)、100%(3号反应器),出水TN浓度均小于5 mg/L;总磷(TP)去除率分别为91.4%(1号反应器)、85.0%(2号反应器)和100%(3号反应器),TP去除效果随TN去除效果的提升而提升;出水pH基本均能维持在6.8～7.6,体系内硫酸根生成量较低,维持在4.99～5.91 mg(每mg NO^-₃-N).Thiobacillus作为硫铁矿自养反硝化工艺的核心功能菌属在3号反应器内占据优势地位.以硫铁矿/硫黄为填料的生物滤池反应器不仅可以...     

水培空心菜系统与水培莴笋系统去除污水中氮磷效果比较

采用自制的两套水培植物净化床装置,以生活污水二级生化处理装置出水为研究对象,探讨了水培空心菜净化系统和水培莴笋净化系统对污水中TN,TP的去除效果。结果表明,当进水流速控制在13.5 L/h,HRT为1 h,装置连续进水运行时,在水培期间,水培空心菜系统和水培莴笋系统对污水中TN的去除率分别为11.2%~62.4%和27.8%~56.2%,对TP的去除率分别为7.1%~71.8%和0%~63.3%;水培空心菜系统和水培莴笋系统对TN的每日净去除量范围分别为832~3 411 mg和349~5 368 mg,对TP的每日净去除量范围分别为9.7~372.8 mg和0~281.9 mg。在秋冬季节,水培莴笋系统较水培空心菜系统对TN有更好的去除效果,且对TN,TP去除效果更为稳定。     

铜离子对SBR工艺活性污泥毒性作用分析

探讨了不同浓度铜离子对序列间歇式反应器(SBR)活性污泥系统中化学需氧量CODCr、总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)等去除的影响,并采用ToxTell生物传感器,以SBR活性污泥为指示微生物,分析了铜离子的毒性抑制作用.结果表明,铜离子质量浓度低于10mg.L-1时,不会对该SBR系统带来明显的冲击作用,其质量浓度超过20mg.L-1时则会导致系统出水水质明显下降、活性污泥量及污泥沉降比(SV)降低和污泥絮体的解体;ToxTell生物传感器的毒性分析结果与CODCr,TN和TP去除抑制率具有良好的一致性,初步证实该生物传感器能很好地用于铜离子冲击SBR活性污泥系统的预警监测.     

三级渗滤系统控制农业径流污染的试验

为明确渗滤系统在控制农业径流污染中的拦截削减性能,在重庆市万州高峰镇鹿山河旁建立三级渗滤系统,开展了农业径流污染净化效果的试验。结果显示,系统对SS、NH4+-N、TN和TP具有较好的去除效果,平均去除率可分别达到80%、78%、37%及48%。污染物浓度沿系统各级逐渐降低,TN、NH4+-N的去除率沿程逐渐趋缓,TP、SS去除率沿程没有明显减缓的趋势。系统第一级对氮的去除以颗粒态为主,第二、三级以溶解态为主;系统第一、二级对磷的去除以颗粒态为主,第三级对颗粒态磷与溶解态磷的去除比例相近。系统第一级对各污染物的去除效率最高,硝化作用较强;第二级TN、NH4+-N的去除率与第一级相比依然较高;第三级NH4+-N、TN、TP去除率较低,但SS的去除效率与第二级相当。     

硅藻土精强化混凝除磷脱氮

采用烧杯试验,进行了硅藻土精及复配硅藻土精强化混凝技术去除模拟洗浴废水中磷、氮的试验,探讨了低碳可持续脱氮除磷技术.试验结果表明,硅藻土强化聚合氯化铝(PAC)后能够提高废水中的总磷(TP)、总氮(TN)和氨氮(NH3-N)的去除率.当PAC投加量为150 mg/L时,通过混凝工艺对TP,TN和NH3-N去除率分别是91%,6%和21%;采用硅藻土强化PAC混凝工艺对TP,TN和NH3-N去除率分别为95%,58%和26%,相对混凝工艺TP,TN和NH3-N分别提高了4%,49%和5%;复配硅藻土强化PAC混凝工艺对TP,TN和NH3-N去除率分别为95%,42%和64%,相对混凝工艺TP,TN和NH3-N提高了4%,36%和43%.在强化工艺中,对TN的去除受原水中NH3-N含量的影响,.采用硅藻土精及复配硅藻土精强化混凝技术,比采用生物技术脱氮除磷,向大气排放二氧化碳等气体量要少.     

旁路化学除磷对A2 / O 工艺的影响研究

为考察旁路化学除磷对常规A2/O工艺系统脱氮除磷效果的影响,试验在常规A2/O工艺厌氧池末端接入旁路化学除磷池,并调节化学除磷池的pH值以达到除磷的目的。实验结果表明:改进后的A2/O工艺,当进水TN为40～50 mg·L-1、出水TN为11.8～15.5 mg·L-1时,TN平均去除效率为69.21%;当进水TP为4.2～8.9 mg·L-1、出水TP为0.50～0.75 mg·L-1时,TP平均去除效率为90.57%,较传统A2/O工艺,TN、TP去除率分别提高了4.04%、2.37%,说明旁路化学除磷对常规A2/O工艺系统脱氮除磷效果具有一定的改善作用。     

纳米活性碳纤维SBR法脱氮除磷试验

在传统SBR工艺中,应用一种新型的纳米活性碳纤维悬浮填料,考察其对污水的脱氮除磷效果,并确定其最佳运行条件.结果表明:以进水30min—曝气4h—搅拌2h—沉淀1h—出水30min—闲置30min为最佳运行工况,在此工况运行时,进水NH3—N(氨氮)浓度为16.2~31.8 mg/L,出水NH3—N浓度为0.22~1.55 mg/L,NH3—N(氨氮)去除率为98.6%~95.1%;进水TN(总氮)为19.8~39.1mg/L,出水TN为5.94~13.68mg/L,TN去除率为70%~65%;进水TP(总磷)为3.2~4.5 mg/L,出水TP为0.46~1.13 mg/L,TP去除率为85.6%~75%,系统有较好的脱氮除磷效果,同时还存在同步硝化反硝化过程,以及较好的反硝化除磷功能.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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