菠菜SoNAC转录因子家族的全基因组鉴定与分析

采用生物信息学分析方法,从菠菜基因组中筛选鉴定了57个菠菜NAC转录因子,并对其基因结构、编码蛋白和系统进化进行了分析;通过荧光定量聚合酶链式反应qRT-PCR分析,研究了高温和盐处理后菠菜叶片中NAC基因的表达模式.研究结果显示:菠菜NAC转录因子可以被归入2组17个亚组,GroupⅠ包含10个亚组,GroupⅡ包含...     

苦荞CCT基因家族生物信息学及表达分析

CCT转录因子在调控植物花期、生长发育及抗非生物胁迫等方面发挥着重要的功能。本研究以拟南芥AtCCT基因家族为参考序列,利用本地BLAST并结合保守结构域等生物信息学工具,筛选出苦荞FtCCT基因家族成员,并对其理化性质、染色体分布、基因结构、系统进化及表达水平进行分析。结果显示:从苦荞中共鉴定出35个FtCCT基因,含1-8个内含子;编码蛋白有117-753个氨基酸残基,等电点为4.96-9.51,均为亲水性蛋白。染色体定位分析表明,这些基因在8条染色体上均有分布。苦荞FtCCT基因家族含有10个保守基序和5个保守结构域,且都含有CCT保守结构域。系统进化分析表明,苦荞的FtCCT基因家族与拟南芥一样可分为3个亚家族,其中CMF亚家族的成员最多。35个FtCCT基因在苦荞根、茎、叶和花中的表达水平具有差异性,在叶和花中具有高表达量的成员较多,只有少数的成员在根和茎中高表达。本研究为进一步解析CCT基因调控苦荞花期及生长发育奠定基础。     

完全图Kn的{P5,C5}分解

图分解问题已在很多邻域中得到了广泛的应用。用P₅表示5个顶点的路，C₅表示5个顶点的圈，本研究讨论了完全图K_n分解成5个顶点的路P₅和圈C₅的存在性，给出完全图K_n存在{P₅,C₅}-强制分解的充分必要条件是n≥7(n≠8)，以及完全图K_n存在{P₅,C₅}-分解的充分必要条件是n≥5(n≠6)。     

Estimating divergence times among subfamilies in Nymphalidae

The mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅰ （COⅠ） gene and the nuclear elongation factor 1α （EF-1α） gene were sequenced from 13 species of Nymphalidae. Phylogenetic trees of Nymphalidae, which is the largest family in butterflies, were constructed based on the sequences determined from 13 species sequenced in our laboratory and an additional 43 species obtained from GenBank using the maximum likelihood （ML） and Bayesian methods. Relative-rate tests between lineages in these phylogenetic trees were performed. On the basis of the results of the relative-rate tests and fossil information of Satyrinae, Nymphalinae and Biblidinae, the average divergence times among the subfamilies are estimated as 44.2-87.1 million years ago （Ma）. These results will be helpful for better understanding of the origin and evolution of this family, as well as the divergence time of butterflies and other complex taxa.     

Expression ofBcl-2 in cells with different telomerase activities

Both telomerase andBcl-2 are important genes in controlling apoptosis. The activation of telomerase and the abnormal regulation ofBcl-2 are also closely related to carcinogenesis. However, little is known about the linkage between telomerase andBcl-2. The effect of activated telomerase on the expression ofBcl-2 has been investigated. It is demonstrated that in tumor and transformed cells with higher telomerase activity,Bcl-2 expression is significantly lower than that in telomerase negative or less telomerose activity cells. Further study showed that in the telomerase gene-transformed 2BS-fibroblasts,Bcl-2 expression is inhibited significantly while the exogenous telomerase catalytic subunit gene is re-expressed in fibroblasts. Results indicated that there might be a certain linkage between the expression of telomerase andBcl-2, and overexpression of exogenous telomerase gene might down regulate the expression ofBcl-2. They contributed equally to this work.     

Cloning and identification of a novel human glioma differentiation related geneGDR1

In order to identify the genes associated with glioblastoma differentiation, some ESTs, expressed differentially in the control cell and the differentiated human glioblastoma cell line BT-325 induced by the all-trans retinoid acid, have been isolated by the method of DDRT-PCR. Of the 46 ESTs sequenced, 19 are from new genes. A full-length 1 535-bp cDNA, termed geneGDR1, has been isolated from the human cDNA library using the probe designed according to one of the novel ESTs, HGBB098. The open reading frame ofGDR1 gene encodes a putative protein containing 334 amino acid residues. Blast against the current GenBank DNA and protein sequence database did not reveal significant homology with any known proteins. RT-PCR shows thatGDR1 mRNA level increased in the differentiated BT-325 cells after being treated with RA. The different expression patterns ofGDR1 mRNA in human tissues have been detected through the multiple tissue Northern blot hybridization.     

Ecological studies on Prochlorococcus in China seas

Prochlorococcus, a tiny oxygenic photosynthetic picoplankton with unique pigment composition, has been found to be ubiquitous and abundant in the world oceans, and has been recognized to be closely related to living resources and environmental issues. It has attracted the interest of marine biologists since its discovery, and field data on it over global oceans have accumulated rapidly in the past 10 years. In China, we have studied Prochlorococcus for 8 years, achieving a basic ecological understanding. The presence of Prochlorococcus in China seas, marginal seas of the west Pacific, was confirmed, and its distribution patterns were also brought to light. Prochlorococcus is very abundant in the South China Sea and the offshore regions of the East China Sea. It is seasonally present in the southeast part of the Yellow Sea and absent in the Bohai Sea. Temporal and spatial variations of the abundance of Prochlorococcus and their affecting factors, physiological and ecological characteristics of Prochlorococcus and their relationships to the other groups of picoplankton, and the importance of Prochlorococcus in total biomass and possible roles in living resources and environmental problems are discussed. In the future, isolation of different Prochlorococcus strains from the China seas and their physiological characteristics, genetic diversity, phylogenies and gene exploiture, etc. are important issues to be addressed.     

Cloning and characterization of a gene encoding phagerelated tail protein (PrTP) of endosymbiont Wolbachia

Wolbachia is an obligatory, maternally inherited intracellular bacterium, known to infect a wide range of arthropods. It has been implicated in causing cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), parthenogenesis, the feminization of genetic males and male-killing in different hosts. However, the molecular mechanisms by which this fastidious bacterium causes these reproductive abnormalities have not yet been determined. In this study, we report on the cloning and characterization of the gene encoding phage-related tail protein (PrTP) from Wolbachia in Drosophila melanogaster CantonS (wMelCS) and from Wolbachia in Drosophila melanogaster yw67c23 (wMel) by representational difference analysis (RDA) and ligation-mediated PCR (LM-PCR). The functionality of a bipartite nuclear localization signal sequence (NLS) of the gene was also successfully tested in Drosophila S2 cells. PrTP expression in various strains of Wolbachia was investigated. Our results suggest that PrTP may not induce CI directly. However, the existence of prtp provided direct evidence of phage-mediated horizontal gene transfer (HGT) that might play an important role in a variety of reproductive abnormalities of Wolbachia.     

黄连水提物对卵形鲳鲹源溶藻弧菌的抑菌作用

卵形鲳鲹(Trachinotus ovatus)是一种生长快速且肉质鲜美的经济型海水养殖鱼类,但是近些年为满足人们的日常需求,在不断扩大养殖的同时病菌也逐渐泛滥。溶藻弧菌(Vibrio alginolyticus)是华南沿海地区海水养殖鱼类细菌性鱼病的主要致病菌之一,给水产养殖业带来巨大损失。本研究对黄连(Coptis chinensis Franch)的抗菌作用进行系统研究,目的是为由溶藻弧菌引起的爆发性细菌性鱼病的高效防治提供科学的用药依据。本研究采用二倍稀释法测定黄连水提物对卵形鲳鲹源溶藻弧菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)、最低杀菌浓度(MBC)和半数致死量(LD50),并使用BCA蛋白浓度测定试剂盒测定细菌超声破碎上清液中可溶性蛋白含量。结果表明,黄连水提物对溶藻弧菌具有明显的抑制作用,其对溶藻弧菌的MIC、MBC和LD50的值分别为7.800mg/mL、31.250mg/mL和15.625mg/mL。胞内可溶性蛋白含量变化的结果提示:黄连发挥抑菌作用的机制可能是通过损伤细菌的细胞壁导致细菌内容物的释放并引起菌体裂解死亡。黄连具有发展成为一种高效抗水产病害中草药制剂的潜力。     

Expression ofbcl-2 gene increases in apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells induced by rattlesnake venom

Apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells (VEC) has been induced by deprivation of survival factors (aFGF and serum) and by rattlesnake venom. The expression ofbcl-2 gene has been examined by Northern blotting in the two apoptosis inducing systems. Our results show that the expression ofbcl-2 has not been detected in normal culture cells and in apoptotic cells induced by deprivation of survival factors. But in apoptotic cells induced by rattlesnake venom (10 ng/mL), the expression ofbcl-2 increases, and its mRNA exhibits two bands. The data first suggest that increasing expression and splitting ofbcl-2 mRNA may play an important role in apoptosis of VEC induced by rattlesnake venom, and this finding is helpful to understanding the role ofbcl-2 in regulation of apoptosis.     

核桃JrEFM1转录因子响应逆境及激素的表达模式

MYB转录因子在调控植物生长发育和逆境响应方面发挥着重要的作用.通过克隆获得了核桃的1条R1-MYB类转录因子EFM基因(命名为JrEFM1),利用生物信息学和实时荧光定量RT-PCR(RT-qPCR)技术,分析在不同非生物及植物激素处理下JrEFM1的表达规律,探究了JrEFM1的基本生物学功能.结果显示,JrEFM1的编码区长为1 320 bp,编码蛋白含439个氨基酸,分子量为48.322 KDa,理论等电点为9.26.与葡萄、番薯等具有较近的进化关系.其启动子包含干旱胁迫(MBS)、热激响应(HSE)、水杨酸(SA)、玉米素(O2-site)和赤霉素响应(GARE-motif)等相关元件.对JrEFM1在干旱,冷害,热激,ABA,JA,SA处理下的表达情况进行分析,发现JrEFM1可被这些处理不同程度地诱导,同时根和叶表现出不同的转录水平.表明JrEFM1可响应逆境胁迫,并与激素信号通路相关;JrEFM1可作为核桃逆境响应机制研究及抗逆育种的优良候选基因.     

单增李斯特菌的检测方法研究进展

单增李斯特菌(Listeria monocytogenes)是全世界普遍公认一种重要的人畜共患食源性致病菌,其广泛存在于各种乳制品、蔬菜、肉类等食品中,对人的健康安全造成了极大的威胁.因此,如何有效地检测出单增李斯特菌的存在是食源性疾病预防与控制的关键环节.介绍了单增李斯特菌的传统检测方法以及各种快速检测方法(免疫学方法、生物传感器、基于噬菌体检测方法和分子生物学方法).     

湛江市野生线柱兰开花物候观测

线柱兰是华南地区常见野生地生兰,生长在公园、学校、小区等地的草坪中,目前尚未应用于城市园林绿化。本研究以广东海洋大学寸金学院为研究地点,对线柱兰的开花物候进行观测记录分析,为园林应用评估提供论据。结果表明:线柱兰花芽于12月开始形成,花期为次年1月中旬至4月下旬,其中2月、3月为盛花期,单朵花寿命5~7 d;总状花序螺旋着花5~15朵不等,花由下而上依次开放。线柱兰茎直立,叶色深绿,小花量多而密,花型秀美,花色素雅,花期集中,具备开发应用潜力。     

Root and xylem ABA changes in response to soil drying in two woody plants

Two woody plants, Platycladus orientalise (tolerant to drought) and Acacia auriculi-formis (sensitive to drought), have been subjected to rapid and slow soil drying. ABA levels in their roots and xylem sap have been determined using radioimmunoassay (RIA, sensitivity is 0.4 pmol per assay vial) with a monoclonal antibody against ( + )-ABA. ABA contents of P. orientalise and A. auriculiformis growing in well watered soil are 0.3 and 2.5 nmol·gDW-1 in roots and 1.6 and 0.4 μmol in xylem saps, respectively. A rapid soil drying has been applied to these two plants with soil water content (SWC) being reduced to 0.02 and 0.06 g·gDW-1 respectively. Under such treatment, ABA was increased by 22 times and 2 times in roots and by 7 times and 34 times in xylem saps respectively for P. orientalise and A. auriculiformis. After rewatering for 6 d, ABA in roots and xylem sap of both species returned to control levels. When a slow soil drying was applied, SWC was reduced to 0.1 and 0.13 g·gDW-1 respectively for P. orientalise and A. auriculiformis. ABA was increased by 5 times and 1.6 times in roots and by 6 times and 19 times in xylem saps respectively for these two plants. ABA in roots and xylem saps decreased to near control levels 8 d after watering. Plant leaf water potentials of both plants hardly changed at times when root and xylem ABA showed substantial increase in response to soil drying. It is concluded that ABA levels in the roots and xylem saps of P. orientalise and A. auriculiformis are more sensitively regulated than leaf water potential in response to soil drying and can act as a chemical signal in root-shoot communications of the drought stress.     

矩形张量的S-型奇异值包含集

利用矩形张量A的指标集的一个划分——非空真子集S及其补集、分类讨论思想和三角不等式,研究了A的奇异值定位问题,得到了A的S-型奇异值包含集.