海洋木栖真菌抗肿瘤活性及其营养条件的影响

对从厦门海沧及漳州浮宫的红树林生态区分离到的177株海洋木栖真菌用MTT法进行抗肿瘤活性的测定，获得具有抗肿瘤活性的菌株共44株，占总受试菌株的24．9％，其中对KB瘸株有抑制作用的有12株．对Raji瘤株有抑制作用的菌株有43株，对这两种肿瘤细胞均有抑制作用的菌株有11株．并且考察了其中6株海洋木栖真菌在纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、淀粉和蔗糖为碳源的生物量和抗肿瘤活性。结果表明海洋木栖真菌在不同营养条件下的菌体生物量及代谢产物的抗肿瘤活性均存在差异，部分菌株在纤维素为碳源时，有最高的生物量和抗肿瘤活性，PDB培养基不宜作为抗肿瘤活性测定或生产发酵的基质．     

从深海沉积物中筛选具有抗菌、抗肿瘤活性的海洋真菌

从西太平洋近赤道区采集到的18个深海沉积物样品中分离到83株海洋真菌,采用滤纸片琼脂扩散法和MTT法分别对其发酵液乙酸乙酯抽提物的抗菌、抗肿瘤活性进行筛选.结果显示,有37株菌株对至少一种指示菌有抑制作用;有29株菌株对KB或Raji肿瘤细胞具有显著的抑制活性,分别占总供测菌株的44.6%和34.9%.在抗肿瘤活性菌株中,WP-M-1、DY-G-2、DY-C-2、WP-K-3和WP-Q-2等5株菌具有很高的活性,其发酵液乙酸乙酯抽提物对Raji细胞的IC50分别为5.000、1.064、2.796、1.920、0.520 μg/mL.研究结果表明,海洋沉积物来源的真菌中蕴藏着丰富的抗菌及抗肿瘤活性代谢产物产生菌,是开发抗菌和抗肿瘤药物的宝贵资源.     

海洋真菌抗肿瘤活性菌株的筛选

采用MTT法,对从厦门海域红树植物、晒盐场土壤、海藻和海洋沉积物样品中分离到的231株海洋真菌的体外抗肿瘤活性进行筛选. 结果显示,有24株菌具有体外抗肿瘤活性,占总供测菌株的10.4%,其中对HeLa细胞有抑制作用的有15株,对HepG-2细胞有抑制作用的菌株有8株,对BGC细胞有抑制作用的菌株有12株. 选择对肿瘤细胞具有较强抑制作用的10株菌株进一步测定其培养物提取物对HeLa细胞的半数抑制浓度(IC50),发现JSSa-2,JQGa-6f和hzl02a-1株菌的活性很强, IC50分别为0.38,0.18,0.29 μg/mL. 实验结果表明,海洋真菌是潜在的抗肿瘤药物资源.     

4种裸子植物内生真菌抗肿瘤菌株的筛选

使用组织块法，从罗汉松、南方豆杉、三尖杉及银杏中分离到112株植物内生真菌；为了得到高活性抗肿瘤菌株，我们使用卤虫（Artemia Sailina）模型进行初筛，得到39株（LD50＞8）高活性菌株（占总分离菌株的34．8％），利用MTT法对具有杀卤虫活性的菌株进行复筛，结果显示9株菌株（占总分离菌株的8．0％），对KB或HL－60细胞具有显著的抑制作用（ID50为80－7290）。罗汉松、南方红豆杉、三尖杉内生真菌的抗肿瘤活性菌株分别占分离菌株的7．4％、11．1％、8．3％，这显示了药用裸子植物内生真菌在抗肿瘤生物活性物质的研究与应用中具有重要的价值。作者还对抗肿瘤筛选的卤虫模型和MTT模型组合应用进行了有益的探讨。     

麻黄内生真菌的分离及其生物活性初步研究

从内蒙古赤峰等地的中草药麻黄中分离得到141株内生真菌,体外抗氧化、抗肿瘤等活性测定表明,有11株内生真菌对H2O2具有较好的清除活性(LD50均大于50,LD50为抑制率为50%时的样品稀释倍数),占菌株总数的7.80%;有27株内生真菌对Raji和HepG-2具有肿瘤细胞毒活性(LD50大于50),占菌株总数的19.15%,其中以抑制悬浮Rajii细胞为主.此外,在141株菌中,有74株对一种或二种以上的指示菌显示出抑菌活性,占菌株总数的52.48%.本实验结果表明,麻黄中含有丰富的内生真菌,是抗氧化、抗菌及抗肿瘤等活性物质的重要来源.为进一步从中草药植物中分离筛选新药先导化合物提供了科学依据.     

红树林内生真菌的抗肿瘤活性

从红树植物秋茄、桐花树和白骨壤树皮样品中分离出125株内生真菌。采用MTT法对其体外抗肿瘤活性进行检测,发现11株红树植物内生真菌对KB(人口腔上皮癌)或HL-60(人白血病)细胞具有显著的抑制活性,占总分离菌株的8.8％。秋茄、桐花树和白骨壤的抗肿瘤活性菌株分别占供测菌株的11.6％、5.7％和4.8％。抗肿瘤活性菌株主要分布在拟青霉属及曲霉属。在所分离的菌株中,归属于拟青霉属的活性菌株占供测菌株的比例最高、活性最强。结果显示红树植物内生真菌是潜在的抗肿瘤药物资源。     

红树植物内生真菌的种群动态及生物活性

2003年10月至2004年8月对福建龙海浮宫2种红树植物秋茄、木榄的内生真菌进行连续6次的分离，得到290株内生真菌．研究结果显示，木榄（Bruguiera gymnorrhiza）和秋茄（Kandelia candel）内生真菌数量高峰期分别为4月份和10～R12月份；青霉（Penicillium）、交链孢（Alternaria）、Dothiorella和无孢目是秋茄中的主要优势属；木榄内生真菌主要优势属为头孢霉（Cephalosporium）、交链孢（Alternaria）、青霉（Penicillium）等．不同宿主对内生真菌的季节分布有重要的影响．抗菌测定共筛选得到活性菌株40株，占总菌株数的13．8％；17株内生真菌对KB（人口腔上皮癌）和／或Raji（人B淋巴瘤）细胞具有抑制作用，占总菌株数的5．9％．生物活性菌株分布于青霉、交链孢、拟青霉、无孢目等10个不同的分类单元中，2种宿主植物内生真菌抗菌及抗肿瘤活性均有不同程度的季节差异性．     

红树植物内生真菌的种群动态及生物活性

2003年10月至2004年8月对福建龙海浮宫2种红树植物秋茄、木榄的内生真菌进行连续6次的分离,得到290株内生真菌.研究结果显示,木榄(Bruguiera gymnorrhiza)和秋茄(Kandelia candel)内生真菌数量高峰期分别为4月份和10～12月份;青霉(Penicillium)、交链孢(Alternaria)、Dothiorella和无孢目是秋茄中的主要优势属;木榄内生真菌主要优势属为头孢霉(Cephalosporium)、交链孢(Alternaria)、青霉(Penicillium)等.不同宿主对内生真菌的季节分布有重要的影响.抗菌测定共筛选得到活性菌株40株,占总菌株数的13.8 %; 17株内生真菌对KB(人口腔上皮癌)和/或Raji(人B淋巴瘤)细胞具有抑制作用,占总菌株数的5.9 %.生物活性菌株分布于青霉、交链孢、拟青霉、无孢目等10个不同的分类单元中,2种宿主植物内生真菌抗菌及抗肿瘤活性均有不同程度的季节差异性.     

舟山群岛近海底栖真菌及其抗生活性初筛研究

对分离自舟山群岛海域海底46个沉积物样品中的丝状真菌进行种属鉴定,及其代谢产物抗菌、细胞毒和乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性的检测.结果显示:舟山群岛海域海底沉积物中存在着丰富的真菌资源.46个沉积物样品中,真菌含量最高可达到2 250 CFU/g(样品).在进行活性检测的89份真菌代谢产物中,有29.2%的样品对一株或一株以上的指示细菌有不同程度的抑制作用;各有10%左右的样品对5株植物致病真菌显示抑制作用,有49.4%的样品对白色假丝酵母显示抑制作用,但没有样品对黑曲霉有抑制作用;在细胞毒实验中,分别有2个、4个和12个样品在浓度为25μg/mL时,对KB细胞、Raji细胞和Hep G2细胞的抑制率高于50%;有55个样品显示微弱的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性.通过此次研究,我们对舟山群岛海域的底栖真菌资源有了初步了解,将有助于将来更全面深入的研究.     

雷公藤内生真菌的分离及抗肿瘤活性研究

通过对雷公藤植物内生真菌进行分离,对内生真菌抗肿瘤活性进行了研究.研究结果显示,从雷公藤不同器官中共分离出22株不同形态型的内生真菌,其广泛存在于植株的根、茎、叶中,其中植株枝中的分离数量高于根和叶.采用MTr法对内生真菌的体外抗肿瘤活性进行检测,发现大多数菌株均具有不同程度的抑制活性,但抑制活性随作用时间而发生变化.其中有2株菌经24 h反应后对人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7表现出显著的抑制作用;1株菌经24 h反应后对胃癌细胞U937表现出显著的抑制作用;1株菌经24 h反应后对MCF-7细胞和U937细胞均表现出显著的抑制作用:2株菌经过48 h反应后对MCF-7细胞表现出较强的抑制作用,且无论是24 h还是48 h反应均对U937细胞表现出较强的抑制作用.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that