基于视觉单词树的快速图像检索

建立了一种分层的视觉字典树.首先提取图像特征,定义树的分支因子k和层数L,采用分层聚类算法进行逐层聚类,生成树型结构的视觉单词本,并对每个树节点计算逆向文档频率作为权值,定义得分准则进行图像的相似度匹配.新的视觉单词树由于建立了分层结构,较之传统平面结构的视觉单词本具有计算负荷小、单词个数不受约束、搜索速度快等优越性.在Caltech-101图像库的检索实验中验证了本文算法的快速性和高效性.     

基于快速谱聚类的图像分割算法

设计了一种基于快速谱聚类的图像分割算法,该算法利用余弦相似度构造相似度矩阵,避免了传统谱聚类算法中尺度因子的精确设置问题,提高了算法效率.在谱映射的过程中,该算法采用了Nystrm逼近策略,降低了谱聚类算法的复杂度和内存消耗.在Berkeley图像库上的图像分割实验证明了算法的有效性.     

基于快速聚类索引的图像检索系统

为了提高基于内容的图像检索系统的检索速度,提出了一个基于快速聚类索引的图像检索算法,并将其应用于视频新闻检索系统中.该算法采用Fastmap算法实现图像高维特征向量降维,并用改进后的模糊C均值聚类算法对降维后的图像进行聚类,生成图像索引.该算法用于图像检索,检索时间不会随着图像数据库中图像数量、特征向量维数的增加而增加,极大地提高了系统的检索效率,有效地解决了聚类中心初试值的选取问题.同时利用该算法构成的系统还具有动态删除、分裂、合并、插入等功能.实验结果表明,与顺序扫描算法相比,该系统不仅大大提高了检索速度,而且在图像数目和特征向量空间维数增大的条件下,仍能够获得良好的检索性能.     

一种基于近邻半监督聚类算法的图像检索系统研究

为了解决基于内容的图像检索（content-Based Image Retrieval,CBIR）中存在的“语义鸿沟”问题,本文提出了一种CBIR检索模型,在模型中使用了基于近邻传播的半监督聚类算法和语义传播的算法,通过近邻半监督算法对图像库中的图像进行聚类,根据示例图像的视觉特征相似度在对应的聚类图像中进行相似度检索,在检索的结果中根据用户提供的关键字进行关键字标注检索,最后根据用户的反馈,通过语义传播算法对图像库中的图像进行自动语义标注．实验表明丈中的模型是可行的,其检索效果受到反馈次数的影响．     

基于自适应局部保持映射的图像特征降维算法

针对基于颜色特征的图像检索中的图像特征降维问题,提出了自适应局部保持映射(ALPP:Adaptive Locality Preserving Projection)的图像特征降维算法.在考虑了每个特征向量与其近邻关系的基础上,通过研究贝叶斯准则在图像分类中的作用,将聚类引入降维算法中,解决特征空间维数的自适应确定问题.使降维结果既保证了最大化地消除高维向量间的相关性和冗余度,又不破坏原始数据近邻间的拓扑结构.实验结果表明,对Coral图像库,应用HSV直方图特征,在查询返回图像为50幅的情况下,基于ALPP算法图像检索的查准率为67.7%,查全率为57.3%.相对PCA(Principal Component Analysis)算法的查准率(45.8%)和查全率(49.2%),具有较高的检索精度.     

一种HSV空间上分层压缩感知的图像检索算法

通过构建二维压缩感知测量模型,提出一种分层HSV特征和分层纹理特征提取与图像检索新算法。在图像HSV空间上引入网格离散划分和分层映射算子,定义一种基于HSV网格空间上的分层映射矩阵和拟灰度共生矩阵;设计归一化Gauss随机矩阵作为测量矩阵,使用二维压缩感知测量模型对上述两种矩阵进行压缩采样;采用PCA(Principal Component Analysis)方法获取上述两种分层采样矩阵的特征值序列,作为图像的分层HSV特征与分层纹理特征。最后融合上述两类特征综合计算图像间的整体相似度并实现图像检索。仿真实验表明,上述两类特征具有很好的可区分性,有效提高了图像检索效率,特别对复杂背景的图像检索性能更优     

图像的SIFT特征二阶检索算法

提出了用图像SIFT特征二阶检索算法实现相似图像检索。首先对图像进行SIFT特征提取,然后利用词袋算法通过K-Means聚类出特征词并建立特征词频表,最后基于词频表通过二阶检索算法实现相似图像匹配。二阶检索分两步:第一步实现特征分布结构的相似检索;第二步根据两张图像对应特征点落于同一特征类的数量与图像自身特征点数的比例来实现图像的精确检索,提高图像检索的准确率。实验结果表明,该方法具有较高的查全率,同时在查询效率上也具有很好的表现。     

区域相关融合纹理特征FDPC图书馆文档图像检索

为实现数字图书馆馆藏资源的检索效率和检测精度的提升,提出基于快速纹理密度极值的聚类算法(FDPC)的图像检索策略.首先,对图书馆图像资源检索问题进行基于内容的检索框架构建,然后采用直方均衡以及中值滤波策略实现图像资源的背景处理和噪声过滤,并通过二值化对图书馆馆藏图像资源进行处理,获得检索框架图像输入的预处理操作;其次,利用极值密度聚类算法(DPC)对图像的分类问题进行研究,同时为了增强算法的聚类效果,基于动态距离截断策略对其进行改进,获得DPC算法性能的有效提高;最后,基于图书馆标准测试库(Corel)对所提算法的性能进行实验验证,试验结果表明所提方法具有更高的检索效率和检索精度.     

基于GHSOM网络的故障识别

提出了一种基于生长型分级自组织映射(GHSOM)网络的故障识别方法,给出了方法的基本原理,并将该方法应用于汽轮机组与齿轮的故障数据分析.研究结果表明,GHSOM能根据数据特征无监督地对故障进行正确聚类和识别,并且具有动态增长及分层特性,能解析出数据内在的层次结构,实现由粗到精的聚类识别,该方法可以扩展应用于机械故障的诊断与识别.     

基于分层聚类的FCM算法

为了更好地实现聚类,在分析分层聚类和FCM算法优缺点的基础上提出了一种改进的聚类算法。改进算法将分层聚类和FCM聚类算法的优点相结合,首先采用分层聚类,得到一初始聚类结果,然后应用FCM聚类算法重聚类。实验结果表明,改进算法较原传统的聚类算法,不但算法执行速度较快、效率较高,而且聚类效果也较好。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.