P2P环境下基于兴趣的分布式信任模型

为解决P2P网络中节点的不合作行为和恶意攻击等问题,提出了一种分布式兴趣信任模型DITM.模型通过划分兴趣域聚集兴趣相似的节点来解决节点间因兴趣不对称难以建立直接信任关系的问题.利用兴趣相似度刻画节点在其偏好领域上的服务行为相似性,并通过兴趣相似度加权域推荐信任度计算域服务信誉.节点在不同域内的服务信誉组成一个服务信誉...     

Ad Hoc网络中一种基于救赎机制的信任模型

在Ad Hoc网络中,节点由于自私等恶意原因以及链路错误导致拒绝转发数据,需要采用适当的机制来提高网络的转发性能.提出一种Ad Hoc网络中的信任模型来激励节点间的协作,在此信任模型中,每个节点通过直接监控和其它节点的推荐监控信息共同完成对邻居节点的信任评价,并维护所有邻居节点的信任值,同时在信任值更新和重建中引入信任值衰退和信任救赎机制来体现模型的健壮性.实验表明该信任模型中的信任救赎机制能提高网络可用性,且该模型有效抑制了恶意节点的行为.     

网格环境中基于信任团体的差别定价策略

资源定价策略是网格市场中的一个重要问题,传统的定价策略没有对具有不同信誉的资源消费者提供不同的价格,无法激励交易实体为其他节点提供诚实服务.通过分析资源消费者与资源提供者间的信任关系对定价的影响,提出了一种基于信任团体的差别定价策略.资源消费者分为两类:信任团体内和信任团体外的,资源提供者对两类消费者采用不同的定价方式.由于差别是基于节点间的信任关系的,这就激励节点提供诚实服务.分析和仿真实验表明,差别定价策略能有效提高资源交易成功率、降低节点获得服务需要支付的平均费用.     

P2P系统中一种基于TMR优化的信誉评估算法

P2P系统中的节点具有随机性和动态性,如何建立节点间的信任关系,是亟需解决的难点和关键性问题。目前P2P系统中主要采用传递模式算法计算节点的信誉值,分析了该算法存在的信誉值评估结果失真的问题,并对算法进行了优化。实验结果表明,信誉评估的优化算法得出的信誉值更加接近理想值,从而提高了P2P系统对恶意节点的识别能力。     

基于信任度量机制的分布式入侵检测系统

针对现有分布式入侵检测系统中的安全和信任问题,引入节点间信任度量机制。系统中所有协同节点初始信任值均为1,根据节点的状态和行为信息,信任值将动态增大或者减小。通过比较信任值来去除或者减小恶意节点的有害信息影响,从而减少系统的错报和误报。典型案例分析发现,引入信任度量机制的分布式入侵检测系统能有效提高检测的准备度,增强检测能力。     

研发人员知识共享机制研究

从知识共享客体、知识发送个体、知识接收个体和成员间的相互影响因素4个方面,对研发人员知识共享机制展开研究。结果发现:知识的互补性和可转移性、知识发送者的知识传授能力和意愿、知识接收者的知识接收能力和意愿,以及相互间的知识背景、能力梯度和信任关系都是影响研发人员知识共享的关键因素。基于此,提出了促进研发人员知识共享的对策建议。     

一种识别和追踪恶意匿名评价者的信任模型

针对现有信誉系统中为了激励和保护节点提供诚实可靠的信誉反馈值,而引入的匿名评价机制存在难以识别恶意节点的诋毁和共谋等攻击问题,提出了一种保护诚实评价者并能识别和追踪恶意节点的匿名评价信任模型.该模型中节点基于可验证随机函数生成的评价标签对交易对象进行匿名评价,隐藏了交易过程中真实身份;模型引入贝叶斯评价信息过滤算法识别恶意评价标签,对超过恶意评价次数门限值的评价标签,模型基于可验证密钥共享机制自动暴露其真实身份并对其所有评价进行追踪.仿真试验及分析表明,该信任模型能够有效抵御匿名恶意节点攻击,相比已有的同类型的信任模型较大程度地提高了节点信任累加值的准确度.     

一种基于域推荐相似度的P2P信任模型

为了提高P2P系统中资源定位效率并保证资源下载质量,提出了一种基于域推荐相似度的P2P信任模型(DRSTrust).该模型充分考虑了节点兴趣和身份对信任计算的影响,通过划分兴趣域,以解决节点间因兴趣不对称而难以建立直接信任关系的问题.在兴趣域的基础上,根据域推荐相似度加权个体的域推荐度来计算节点的域服务信誉,并利用域服务信誉来刻画节点在特定兴趣域内的服务行为细节.然后,提出了服务相似度的概念,通过使服务行为最为相似的节点成为邻居来激励好节点贡献资源,同时将恶意节点排斥在网络边缘,从而有效提高了P2P系统中节点信任计算准确度.分析及仿真结果表明,在迭代的收敛速度、下载成功率以及模型的安全性等方面,DRSTrust均优于现有的信任模型.     

一种信任管理系统中层次式monitor机制的设计与实现

信任链发现是信任管理的主要内容.由于在分布式环境中凭证分布于各个节点,并且对于相同或相似的请求现有的信任链发现算法需要大量重复的通信和计算开销进行凭证的搜集和验证,极大地影响了信任关系验证的效率.在分布式信任链发现算法的基础上,结合网络中的信任关系相对稳定的特点,基于缓存的原理实现了一个可扩展的层次式monitor机制用于保存信任链发现过程中产生的中间结果,并且采用订阅机制保证其有效性,从而有效避免对相似的信任关系验证而产生的重复通信和计算开销.实验表明,采用该机制的分布式信任链发现算法在信任关系相对稳定的情形下具有较高的效率.     

一种基于安全移动代理的路由算法设计

移动代理通过遍历网络收集信息,由于网络的开放性,代理及其内部数据的安全受到巨大威胁.提出了一种基于安全移动代理的路由算法的设计思想,使用概率值来构造路由表,通过移动代理在网络节点间地迁移,来发现网络状态,更新节点路由表.同时在网络节点处建立信任表,定期生成TestDataAgent(测试代理)在虚拟空间中运行,并对其属性和关键数据进行检测以保证网络节点的可靠性,实现代理在网络中的安全.还用Grasshopper移动代理开发平台构造了一个简单网络模型,对此算法进行了验证.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that