模糊分布式柔性作业车间调度问题的求解算法

针对加工时间不确定的模糊分布式柔性作业车间调度问题,在引入三角模糊数的基础上,提出了一种改进的灰狼优化算法以最小化最大模糊完工时间．该算法的主要特点是设计了一种基于工序、工厂和机器的三层编码方案,提出了一种混合初始化策略以提高种群质量,采用基于非线性函数和动态权重的更新机制协调算法的全局探索和局部开发能力,提出四种邻域搜索结构提高解的质量．最后通过不同规模的仿真对比实验,验证了该算法在求解模糊分布式柔性作业车间调度问题上的有效性和优越性．     

基于混合变邻域遗传算法的柔性车间调度研究

针对柔性作业车间调度的问题，以最大完工时间为目标建立数学模型，提出一种混合变邻域遗传算法。采用三种初始化方法保证初始解的质量，用遗传算法进行初步搜索，将搜索的结果通过迭代贪婪策略进一步搜索，以提高解的质量，再对关键路径进行邻域搜索，设计“跨机器工序搜索邻域”、“同机器工序搜索邻域”、“次优工序搜索邻域”三种邻域结构，加强局部搜索能力。引入迭代贪婪策略和改进的邻域结构可显著提高算法的稳定性与迭代速度。通过对国际通用的柔性作业车间调度基准算例进行测试，实验结果表明所提改进算法能够有效求解柔性作业车间调度问题。     

基于混合离散人工蜂群算法的置换流水车间调度

针对以最小化最大完成时间为调度目标的置换流水车间调度问题,提出了混合离散人工蜂群算法.初始化种群采用NEH和随机方法.在算法的雇佣蜂阶段和侦查蜂阶段分别采用离散差分进化策略和变邻域搜索的变体产生邻域个体,为了兼顾算法的全局搜索和局部搜索能力,雇佣蜂阶段接受新个体采用模拟退火的概率突跳机制,而选择利用锦标赛方法,并对跟随的个体按一定概率进行局部搜索.此外,在侦查蜂阶段对锦标赛选择的个体执行破坏重建操作,用新产生的个体代替较差的个体.利用正交实验法调节算法参数,通过与其他算法的仿真实验结果比较,验证了算法的有效性.     

基于差分进化算法的FMS中机器与AGV同时调度方法

针对柔性制造系统中机器与AGV（automated guided vehicle）同时调度问题，提出一种混合变邻域搜索的改进离散差分进化算法。以最大完工时间最小为优化目标，考虑机器与AGV双资源约束，建立相应的数学模型。为了同时调度机器与AGV，采用基于工序、机器、AGV的3层编码结构。通过改进差分进化（differential evolution，DE）算法的变异、交叉算子产生新个体以提高算法的全局搜索能力，并引入模拟退火算法中解的接受准则选择下一代。同时，为了增强算法的局部搜索能力，对算法每次迭代的最优个体进行变邻域搜索。通过算例计算和对比，证明了提出的改进DE算法的有效性、稳定性和优越性。     

基于文化基因算法的集成工艺规划与调度研究

建立了与工艺规划集成的调度问题的数学模型.以最大完工时间为目标,设计一种混合文化基因算法求解该问题.在提出算法中,设计了新型编码和主动解码方案,使用变邻域搜索(VNS)算法进行局部搜索,引入了高效的邻域结构以强化算法的局部搜索能力,并提出了一种个体扰动方法,以避免群体多样性趋于单一,使得提出算法在分散搜索和集中搜索之间达到更合理的平衡.为测试算法的性能,对现有的基准问题进行了测试,有21个实例达到了下界或得到改进,成为当前新的最优解.对比已有的最优结果可见:提出的算法可高效地求解工艺规划与车间调度集成问题且优于其他算法.     

基于离散布谷鸟搜索算法的带阻塞有差速混合流水车间调度

基于以最小完工时间为目标的带阻塞有差速混合流水车间调度问题,提出了一种改进的离散布谷鸟搜索算法。在基本布谷鸟搜索算法的莱维飞行和巢寄生性的基础结构上,提出了一种基于交叉策略的莱维飞行机制,以便算法能够解决离散问题;同时,通过非余弦递减策略的动态发现概率去发现劣质鸟巢,并利用排列差分进化算法的变异思想将劣质鸟巢重建;在搜索过程中设定全局最优极值保持代数为阈值去重新发现劣质鸟巢,以防止算法陷入局部最优;最后利用邻域搜索方法进一步提高算法的搜索精度。通过仿真实验验证了该算法在求解混合流水车间调度类离散问题上的有效性与优越性。     

基于鲸鱼群算法的柔性作业车间调度方法

针对以最大完工时间为目标的柔性作业车间调度问题,在鲸鱼群算法(WSA,Whale swarm algorithm)基础上,提出一种改进的鲸鱼群算法。首先,设计了一种基于工序加工顺序的个体位置表达方式及相应距离计算方法,使鲸鱼群算法能够直接应用于求解离散型问题。其次,在寻找"较好及较近"鲸鱼过程中引入协同搜索机制,提高"较好及较近"鲸鱼的质量和数量,扩大鲸鱼个体的搜索范围。同时,引入基于关键路径的变邻域搜索算法,搜索当前最优鲸鱼个体的邻域解,提高种群局部搜索能力。最后采用BRdata基准算例进行测试,验证了算法的可行性和有效性。     

多目标模糊柔性作业车间调度问题优化

为降低柔性作业车间调度中的能耗,针对实际制造车间中工序加工时间和交货期的不确定性,将加工时间和交货期采用模糊数表示,建立以完工时间、平均满意度和最小满意度为柔性作业车间调度问题的多目标函数。同时设计了邻域遗传算法(GANS)求解该问题,算法采用机器选择的方法产生初始种群,并采用工序插入式方法对染色体进行解码;采用动态交叉概率及改进精英保留策略来保证种群的多样性和加快算法的收敛速度;并提出一种基于移动模糊关键工序的邻域结构来加强算法的局部搜索能力。最后通过数值实验验证了模型和算法的有效性和可行性,并对4个基准问题进行测试。结果表明:该算法在求解的精度、鲁棒性和解集的分布性方面与传统算法相比具有一定的优势,是一种有效的求解模糊柔性作业车间调度问题的新方法。     

混合候鸟迁徙优化算法求解柔性作业车间调度问题

将基本候鸟迁徙优化(Migrating birds optimization, MBO)算法与变邻域搜索策略相结合,提出了一种混合候鸟迁徙优化(Hybrid migrating birds optimization, HMBO)算法求解以最小化最大完工时间为目标的柔性作业车间调度问题(Flexible job shop scheduling problem, FJSP).首先,给出了两段式编码/解码方式.为了保证初始解的质量和多样性,设计了一种两阶段种群初始化方法;其次,引入了一种个体重置机制,以避免算法陷入局部最优解.根据FJSP问题的特点,采用3种邻域结构用于构造个体邻域解,并以此为基础设计了一种变邻域搜索算法,增强算法的局部搜索能力.最后,通过基准算例测试了算法的性能,实验数据验证了本文算法在求解FJSP问题方面的有效性.     

用AGLA算法求解一类以TFT为目标的模糊Flow Shop调度问题

针对一类加工时间不确定的以总流经时间(TFT)为目标的置换Flow Shop调度问题,应用模糊数学的方法表示加工时间的不确定性,提出了一种改进的智能算法——异步遗传局部搜索算法(AGLA)。该算法初始种群的一个解由构造型启发式算法产生,其他解随机产生;通过引入一个加强的变邻域搜索机制和一个简单的交叉算子,对种群执行异步进化操作(AE);算法最后加入重启机制防止陷入局部极小。仿真实验结果验证了AGLA解决模糊Flow Shop问题的有效性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that