棕色田鼠精母细胞中联会复合体的研究

以表面铺展法制备棕色田鼠精母细胞联会复合体标本，经硝酸杂色作电镜观察，结果表明，在减数分裂前期ＩＸ和Ｙ染色体的形态和行为同常染色体有明显差异；ＸＹ染色体的配对起始于早精线期，成熟于中一期，在晚粗线期先于常染色体解地；Ｘ染然水与对区自身折叠，形成发夹状结构。     

犏牛精母细胞联会复合体与雄性不育关系的研究

采用界面铺展硝酸银染色技术，研究了公犏牛的精母细胞联合复合体（ｓｙｎａｐｔｏｎｅｍａｌｃｏｍｐｌｅｘ，ＳＣ），结果表明：（１）在减数分裂过程中仅有少数精母的常染色体能形成ＳＣ结构，Ｘ、Ｙ染色体轴 围虽积聚有许多微小的深色颗粒状物质，但未见Ｘ、Ｙ染色体的明显联会（２）在常染色体的联会中，有较多的三价体、插入环等联会异常现象；（３）常染色体ＳＣ相对长度与体细胞染色体的相对长度间有显著相关性（Ｒ＝０９６     

棕色田鼠第一对常染色体多态与染色体数目关系的研究

研究了棕色田鼠三种性别类型个体（ＸＹ，ＸＸ，ＸＯ）的第一对常染色体多态与染色体数目之间关系，发现第一对常染色体极不稳定，存在（１）Ｍ，Ｍ（一对中部着丝点染色体）；（２）Ｍ，Ｔ，Ｔ（一条中部着丝点染色体）；（３）Ｔ，Ｔ，Ｔ，Ｔ（无中部着丝点染色体）三种多态类型。性别类型相同个体的染色体数目随第一对常染色体类型的不同发生有规律地变化。认为罗伯逊断裂是引起棕色田鼠第一对常染色体多态及其染色体数目多态的主     

鲁西黄牛染色体研究

利用外周血淋巴细胞培养及染色体分带技术，分析了鲁西黄牛的核型、Ｇ－带、Ｃ－带和银染核仁组织者．结果表明：鲁西黄牛二倍体染色体２Ｎ＝６０ＸＹ，常染色体５８，全部为端部着丝粒染色体，性染色体Ｘ为亚中部着丝粒染色体，Ｙ为中部着丝粒染色体．中期分裂相显示染色体Ｇ－带２９２条，常染色体着丝粒区全部显示阳性Ｃ－带，银染核仁组织者出现５对，分布于第２、３、４、１１和２６对染色体端部．     

慢性粒细胞性白血病骨髓移植后的染色体观察

为了观察慢性白血病骨髓移植术后患者的生存情况，笔者对费城染色体进行了检测，结果表明：患者术后９个月，ＸＸ核型细胞占８７％，ＸＹ核型细胞占１３％，费城染色体阴性；术后１年，ＸＸ核型细胞占６４％，ＸＹ核型细胞占３４％，费城染色体阳性细胞占２％．慢性白血病骨髓移植术后观察费城染色体，能及时反映预后情况     

棕色田鼠联会复合体与染色体轴的观察

采用低渗、滴片和硝酸银染色技术,对棕色田鼠的联会复合体和减数分裂中期Ⅰ染色体轴的形成过程及其两者问的关系进行了分析研究。结果表明:联会复合体起始于偶线期,成熟于粗线期,于早双线期到中双线期解体;而中期Ⅰ染色体轴是在晚双线期才开始形成。二者之间存在一个无任何轴性结构的时期。联会复合体与中期Ⅰ染色体轴是减数分裂染色体中先后出现的两种不同的轴性结构。     

九龙牦牛C带和银染核仁组织区（Ag－NORs）的研究

对九龙耗牛染色体的核型、Ｃ带及Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ的研究表明：九龙耗牛的常染色体为近端着丝粒染色体，Ｘ、Ｙ染色体为亚中部着丝染色体，Ｃ带具有多态性，Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ分布于２、３、４、５、２８对染色体上，其频率为５．０４；并对耗牛常染色体的形态和犏牛雄性不育的机理进行了讨论，为九龙耗牛的研究提供了细胞遗传学方面的资料。     

中国人精母细胞中XY配对形态和行为的研究

运用表面铺展硝酸银染色联会复合体的电镜技术，对中国人精母细胞中XY配对形态和行为进行电镜观察，根据XY配对复杂形态和行为变化将XY配对分为六个阶段，XY配对延迟至晚偶线期－早粗线期，在早粗线期阶段，配对长度占Y轴全长的30％－50％，到中粗线期配对区开始缩短，在晚粗线期－早双线期解联会，不配对片段常常撕裂成多股，在XY配对Ⅲ型精母细胞中，可见到X与Y长臂远端联合现象（称为次级联合），还对XY配对同源性问题作了进一步的讨论。     

蓖麻蚕性细胞发育过程染色体的银染观察

用银染法观察了蓖麻蚕生殖细胞的染色体。结果表明：有丝分裂中期染色体上无特异的ＮＯＲｓ；精母细胞减数分裂偶线期和粗线期核仁逐步弥散，粗线期之后有一个染色体分散为染色质，核仁弥散于其中形成嗜银的二价体的第二收缩期和混乱期；卵母细胞的相应时期，有一个核仁扩增的过程。依据染色体嗜银性的强弱，探讨了前期Ⅰ，中期Ⅰ以及有丝分裂中期染色体的ｒＤＮＡ转录活性。     

冈田氏绕眼果绳核型研究初报

对冈田氏绕眼果蝇的三龄幼虫的神经节细胞的染色体进行了初步报道。结果表明，冈田氏绕眼果蝇体细胞染色体数目为２ｎ＝１２。常染色体５对，为正中或中部着丝粒染色体，Ｘ为端站着丝粒染色体，Ｙ为中部着丝粒染色体，但其染色单体紧紧靠在一起。此核型在果蝇科已知的核型中是少见的。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has