Reversible impairment of hepatobiliary function induced by streptozotocin in the rat

Summary The effect of streptozotocin (SZ) on hepatobiliary function was studied in rats on the 1st, 7th and 15th days of treatment. Serum glucose increased significantly on the 1st day, and then remained high. Bile flow, bile acids output and BSP biliary excretion were significantly decreased on the 1st day of treatment, whereas serum sorbitol dehydrogenase was increased. All the parameters tested apart from serum glucose tended to normalize with time. The results suggested a transient toxic effect of SZ on the hepatocyte.Acknowledgment. This study was supported by a Research Grant from Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), República Argentina. Joaquín V. Rodriguez is gratefully acknowledged for doing the chromatographic analyses of sulfobromophthalein, José M. Pellegrino for performing bile acids determination, and Mr. Raúl A. Trbojevich for surgical assistance.     

Effect of a steroid contraceptive, "Enidrel" on the pre- and postnatal development of rats

To determine the long-term effects of prolonged and intensive treatment with an anticonceptive steroid, 60 female Wistar rats were given 1 mg/kg/day Enidrel (norethynodrel plus ethinyl estradiol 3-methyl-ether) by gastric sound for 60 days. The animals were divided into 2 groups and were placed with males for 10 days. Group 1 continued to recieve Enidrel through mating to the 15th day of gestation; Group 2 received no further treatment. General behavior and weight of the animals was unchanged when compared with controls. There were profound disturbances in the estrous cycle, but couplings and number of impregnations were normal in both groups. Most of the females in Group 1 aborted normal fetuses between Gestation Days 8 and 15; those in Groups 2 continued to term. Group 1 animals were remated and siblings of the 1st generation were crossed. The animals were fertile and the ne onates developed normally. It is concluded that Enidrel had no effect on morphogenesis and no masculinization effect on the hypophyso-hypothalamic system, as evidenced by the normal sexual behavior and fertility of the females.     

解聚复肾宁对大鼠肾小球系膜细胞增殖和细胞周期的影响

目的 观察中药复方解聚复肾宁（JJFSN）对高耱环境下大鼠肾小球系膜细胞（mesangial cell,MC）增殖和细胞周期的影响.方法 以高糖诱导MC增殖,采用血清药理学方法制备不同浓度JJFSN舍药血清,加入培养液中,用MTT法检测细胞增殖,流式细胞技术检测细胞周期.结果 MTT显示：JJFSN含药血清可抑制高糖诱导的MC过度增殖（P＜0.05）,并且这种作用具有药物剂量和时间依赖关系.流式细胞技术分析表明：JJFSN可逆转高糖对细胞周期的影响,使G0/G1期细胞比例增加,S期细胞比例下降（P＜0.05） 在高浓度时还能促进MC细胞凋亡.结论 JJFSN可以通过调节细胞周期,促进细胞凋亡,从而抑制高糖诱导的MC过度增殖,这可能是JJFSN防治DN早期的作用杌理.     

Effect of Corynebacterium parvum on serum lysozyme (muramidase) levels (author's transl)]

An i.v. injection of 548 microgram of killed Corynebacterium parvum into C57B1 mice leads to significant changes in serum lysozyme (muramidase) levels. After an initial fall at 24 h, the activity of the enzyme increased progressively, reached a peak on the 9th day and returned to control range after the 15th day.     

Zum phototaktischen Laufverhalten junger Honigbienen (Apis mellifica L.)

Summary The number of phototactic runs towards low light intensities of young bees (Apis mellifica L.) depends on their age. On the 1st day there is almost no response. After the 4th day a light intensity as low as 0.1 Lux induces a phototactic run. This increase of response coincides with the performance of the 1st exercise flight.     

Multiple APUD system (neural crest) tumors caused by endotoxin in suckling mice

Summary In suckling mice injected i. p. with endotoxin on the 1st day after birth and surviving up to the 4th day, multiple tumors and heterotopic melanin pigmentation occurred in the sites where the neural crest cells may be present.     

Evidence for suppression of immune function by insulin-like growth factor-1 in dwarf rats in vivo

These studies were undertaken to investigate the effects of increasing or decreasing IGF-1 levels on aspects of immune function in rats. Female dwarf rats were treated with recombinant human IGF-1 or with a potent sheep anti-IGF-serum. Body weight, thymus weight and spleen weight increased with IGF-1 treatment (p<0.001), while there was no effect of anti-IGF-1 treatment when compared with the appropriate normal sheep serum (NSS) treated controls. IGF-1 treatment significantly decreased WBC and RBC counts, but increased the ratio of CD4⁺:CD8⁺ T-cells. Anti-IGF-1 serum had no effect on these parameters compared with NSS. However anti-IGF-1 was associated with increased T-cell numbers, decreased natural killer cells, and enhancement of the animals' ability to produce specific IgG in response to injection of keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH). These results indicate that IGF-1 may suppress immune function although increasing the size of immune organs such as spleen.These studies were part of an M.Sc. at the University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.     

Reduction of isoprenaline induced tachycardia in pregnant rats. Role of a serum factor]

The in vivo isoprenaline (50 microgram/kg) induced tachycardia (beta 1 adrenergic stimulant effect) was decreased in pregnant (20th day) Rats compared to non pregnant Rats. The in vitro positive chronotropic effect of isoprenaline (10 ng/ml) on cultured Rat heart cells was abolished by pregnant Rat serum whereas progesterone (0.10 to 5 microgram/ml) or oestradiol (0.1 to 25 microgram/ml) were ineffective. The decreased beta 1 adrenergic responsiveness in pregnant Rats could be related to a seric factor, different from these two hormones.     

犬高危穿透性角膜移植术后使用1％RAPA滴眼液对体内TNF-α含量的影响

目的通过观察肿瘤坏死因子-α（tumornecrosisfactor-α，TNF-α）变化情况，评价犬高危穿透性角膜移植后RAPA滴眼液抗免疫排斥反应效果。方法选择36只健康犬建立角膜高危病理模型后进行高危穿透性角膜移植手术，并分组用复方氯化钠或1％RAPA点眼，4次／d，18只未手术犬为空白对照组。同时进行外周血和角膜组织中TNF—α含量检测。结果术后7～42d复方氯化钠组和治疗组TNF-α浓度明显比对照组高（P〈0．01），在术后28d治疗组TNF-α浓度逐渐降低，复方氯化钠组仍维持较高含量。结论RAPA滴眼液能降低角膜移植手术后TNF-α含量，有效抗免疫排斥反应。     

Certain biochemical effects of garlic oil on rats maintained on high fat-high cholesterol diet

The feeding of a high fat-high cholesterol (HF-HC) diet to normal rats for 1 month increased the lipid components cholesterol and triglyceride in serum, liver and kidneys and decreased the serum albumin very significantly. Administration of garlic oil (100 mg/kg b. wt/day) for 1 month together with the HF-HC diet to another group almost nullified the lipid-increasing and albumin-decreasing effects of that diet. The reduction in total lipids, cholesterol and triglycerides and the restoration to normal level of serum albumin were highly significant in the garlic oil group. Adipose tissue triglyceride lipase activity was significantly increased in both the above groups with a much greater rise in the oil group.     

Certain biochemical effects of garlic oil on rats maintained on high fat-high cholesterol diet

Summary The feeding of a high fat-high cholesterol (HF-HC) diet to normal rats for 1 month increased the lipid components cholesterol and triglyceride in serum, liver and kidneys and decreased the serum albumin very significantly. Administration of garlic oil (100 mg/kg b. wt/day) for 1 month together with the HF-HC diet to another group almost nullified the lipid-increasing and albumin-decreasing effects of that diet. The reduction in total lipids, cholesterol and triglycerides and the restoration to normal level of serum albumin were highly significant in the garlic oil group. Adipose tissue triglyceride lipase activity was significantly increased in both the above groups with a much greater rise in the oil group.     

成年大鼠脊髓损伤后内源性神经前体细胞的增殖与分化规律的研究

目的观察成年大鼠脊髓损伤后内源性神经前体细胞的增殖与分化,探讨内源性神经前体细胞的自然变化规律。方法制作脊髓压迫损伤模型,Brdu腹腔注射标记神经前体细胞,免疫荧光法(Immunofluoreseence)检测大鼠脊髓Brdu、GFAP、MBP阳性细胞数的变化。结果 1)正常组可观察到少量Brdu阳性细胞,脊髓损伤后Brdu阳性细胞显著增加(p0.05),并在第7天达到最大值,21天时仍高水平表达。2)正常组可见少量Brdu/GFAP和Brdu/MBP阳性细胞,脊髓损伤后Brdu/GFAP,Brdu/MBP双标阳性细胞数显著增加(p0.05)。结论脊髓损伤后神经前体细胞的数量在第7天达到最大值,我们认为,一周内可能是神经前体细胞增殖分化调控的关键时期。此外,新生星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞大量增殖,并与神经前体细胞的迁移、后肢功能恢复表现出一定的同步性,提示新生胶质细胞可能参与了脊髓损伤后神经功能的修复作用。     

Development of thermoregulation in the newborn lesser bushbaby (Galago senegalensis moholi,Smith 1839)

Summary The temperature-regulating system in bushbabies operates from the 1st day of life. The postnatal metabolism decreases from the 5th (2.9 ml O₂/g·h) to the 140th day (0.7 ml O₂/g·h) to the level of the adults.This work was undertaken with the aid of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and Prof. Dr. E.Kulzer.     

Action duCorynebacterium parvum sur les taux de lysozyme (muramidase) sérique

Summary An i.v. injection of 548 g of killedCorynebacterium parvum into C57B1 mice leads to significant changes in serum lysozyme (muramidase) levels. After an initial fall at 24 h, the activity of the enzyme increased progressively, reached a peak on the 9th day and returned to control range after the 15th day.     

Serum prolactin levels and maintenance of progeny by prenatally-stressed female offspring.

Prenatal stress significantly reduced the number of progeny born to 47% of the female offspring and significantly increased the incidence of low birthweight young. None of these litters survived by the tenth postpartum day when serum prolactin levels were significantly reduced. Upon autopsy, these females had twice as many uterine implantation sites than the number of fetuses they bore, suggesting that a) the reduced postpartum serum prolactin most likely was the cause rather than the effect of the neonatal mortality and b) major hormonal deficiencies (possibly gonadotropic-related) were present even before giving birth.     

解聚复肾宁对糖尿病肾病大鼠TNF—OL、MCP-1的影响

目的观察解聚复肾宁（Jiejufushenning,JJFSN）对糖尿病（Diabetes mellitus,DM）大鼠肾组织肿瘤坏死因子-α（Tumorneerosisfactor-alpha,TNF-α）、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,MCP-1）和血清TNF-α的影响,探讨其肾保护作用机制。方法腹腔注射链脲佐菌素（Streptozotocin,STZ）建立SD大鼠DM模型,将成模DM大鼠随机分为3组：DM模型组（B组）、JJFSN组（C组）、厄贝沙坦（Irbesartan）组（D组）,另设正常对照组（A组）。采用相应干预措施处理12周。常规方法测定12周末各组大鼠空腹血糖（FBG）、血尿素氮（BUN）、血肌酐（Scr）、肾重／体重（KW／BW）、24h尿蛋白（24huFro）;放免法测血清TNF-α含量：免疫组织化学方法测肾组织TNF—Ot、MCP-1的表达;PAS染色评估细胞外基质;电镜观察肾组织超微结构改变。结果与A组相比．B组大鼠FBG、BUN、Scr、KW／BW、24huPro及血清TNF-α升高（P〈0．05）,肾组织TNF—Ot、MCP-1表达明显增高（P〈0．05）;肾组织超微结构明显异常;C组和D组上述指标显著改善（P〈0．05）,肾组织超微结构异常改善。结论竹FSN能延缓DM大鼠肾损害进程,其机制可能与抑制TNF-α、MCP-1上调有关。     

Effects of pregnancy and lactation on the serum selenium content of rats

The serum selenium content of rats was measured by means of neutron activation analysis. It was found to drop between the 12th day of pregnancy and term and to return to its original level within 2 days after delivery. Hysterectomy on the 10th day of gestation prevented this decrease. Nursing had no influence on the element level. The findings suggest that placental secretions might be involved in the control of the serum selenium content of rats during pregnancy.     

Effects of pregnancy and lactation on the serum selenium content of rats

Summary The serum selenium content of rats was measured by means of neutron activation analysis. It was found to drop between the 12th day of pregnancy and term and to return to its original level within 2 days after delivery. Hysterectomy on the 10th day of gestation prevented this decrease. Nursing had no influence on the element level. The findings suggest that placental secretions might be involved in the control of the serum selenium content of rats during pregnancy.     

Serum prolactin levels and maintenance of progeny by prenatally-stressed female offspring

Summary Prenatal stress significantly reduced the number of progeny born to 47% of the female offspring and significantly increased the incidence of low birthweight young. None of these litters survived by the tenth postpartum day when serum prolactin levels were significantly reduced. Upon autopsy, these females had twice as many uterine implantation sites than the number of fetuses they bore, suggesting that a) the reduced postpartum serum prolactin most likely was the cause rather than the effect of the neonatal mortality and b) major hormonal deficiencies (possibly gonadotropic-related) were present even before giving birth.     

Mastocytosis in suckling mice.

In suckling mice injected intraperitoneally with mitomycin C on the 1st to 5th day after birth and sacrificed in the course of 24 or 48 h after injection, mastocytosis occurred in the oral mucosa membrane, skin of the trunk or extremities and bone marrow of extremities.