完备素理想和抽象完备集环

推广分配格的 Stone引理到抽象完备集环并得到 :1 )完备格 L上完备同余关系能够由完备素理想表示 L是抽象完备集环 ;2 )完备格 L上的完备同余关系格 conc( L)同构到 Pc( L)的对偶幂集格 P( Pc( L) ) L是抽象完备集环     

完全分配格是完备集环的刻划定理

利用RaneyGN的完全分配格的次直积表示定理证明了 :完全分配格L是完备集环 L是相对原子格 ;完全分配格L是完备集环 conc(L)同构到一个幂集格 ,这里conc(L)是L的完备同余关系格 .     

双重Stone代数的素理想与同余性质

对于双重Stone代数L,以P(L)表示L的全体素理想组成的集,Con(L)表示L的同余关系格,XP(L)表示P(L)的幂集格的对偶格。本文用P(L)的子集刻划了双重Stone代数L的每一个同余关系,由此给出了双重Stone代数L关于次直不可约双重Stone代数的次直积表示和双重Stone代数的次直不可约类,并证明了Con(L)可以嵌入到XP(L)中。     

软代数的素理想与同余关系的注记

讨论了非分配软代数F的素理想表示同余关系的问题，指出非分配软代数F的同余关系θ可素理想表示的充要条件是F／θ是软代数，以Con(F)表示F的同余关系格，PCon(F)表示F的全体可由素理想表示的同余关系，证明了按照Con(F)中偏序关系，PCon(F)构成Con(F)的一个子格，并且PCon(F)可嵌入于F的全体素理想集Z（F）的对偶幂集格^↑P（Z（F））中。     

Stone代数的素理想与同余关系

用Ｓｔｏｎｅ代数的素理想集刻划了Ｓｔｏｎｅ代数的每一个同余关系，并证明了Ｃｏｎ（Ｌ）可以嵌入于Ｚ（Ｐ（Ｌ））中。由此证得了Ｓｔｏｎｅ代数的同余扩张性，并给出了Ｓｔｏｎｅ代数的同余理想用素理想集刻划的表达式     

余剩余格的理想和嵌入定理

基于余剩余格理论,给出了余剩余格的理想、主理想、素理想、极大理想和同态的概念,讨论了它们的性质,并引入距离函数,给出了余剩余格中的同余关系.研究得到余剩余格的嵌入定理,即满足预线性条件的余剩余格均可同构于一簇全序余剩余格乘积代数的子代数.     

关于弱模格及其同余关系格的一些注记

以非模格Ｌ的ｎ５子格的弱射影关系刻划了弱模性．证明了在主同余关系可分的条件下．弱模格的同余关系格与分配格的同余关系格的特征是一致的，由此证明了对任意格Ｌ，存在分配格Ｋ使Ｃ（Ｌ）Ｃ（Ｋ）的充要条件是Ｌ为弱模格且其主同余关系可分．     

双重Stone代数的O理想

理想是刻画代数结构的工具,借助理想有助于了解代数的内部结构。在分配格代数中,将运算融入格理想,衍生出核理想。核理想是认识序代数及其同余关系的载体。O理想是一类特殊的核理想,首先在双重Stone代数的基础上,引入O理想的概念,结合双重Stone代数的运算属性,构造出一类具体的O理想;其次,利用双重Stone代数核理想和余核滤子同余关系表达式,给出了由核理想寻找余核滤子的方法,获得了双重Stone代数的核理想成为O理想的充要条件。所得结论为其他分配格代数类O理想性质的研究提供了方法,丰富了分配格理论,为进一步研究分配格类的代数结构提供理论支持。     

格上的Fuzzy同余关系

本文给出了格L的Fuzzy同余关系的定义和一个必要充分条件。指出了格L上的普通同余关系和Fuzzy同余关系之间的联系。最后证明了格L上的全体Fuzzy同余关系作成一个格。     

R_0代数中素理想的拓扑性质

讨论了R0代数中理想、素理想的基本性质,在R0代数M的全体理想集I(M)上定义了格运算,证明了如此定义的格是有界分配格.在M的全体素理想之集PI(M)上构造了拓扑,证明了PI(M)是紧致的T0空间.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with