Can the two-time interpretation of quantum mechanics solve the measurement problem?

Over many years, Aharonov and co-authors have proposed a new interpretation of quantum mechanics: the two-time interpretation. This interpretation assigns two wavefunctions to a system, one of which propagates forwards in time and the other backwards. In this paper, I argue that this interpretation does not solve the measurement problem. In addition, I argue that it is neither necessary nor sufficient to attribute causal power to the backwards-evolving wavefunction $〈\Phi |$ and thus its existence should be denied, contra the two-time interpretation. Finally, I follow Vaidman in giving an epistemological reading of $〈\Phi |$.     

Über die Entstehung von Dehydracetsäure und ihren Analogen bei der Oxydation derα, γ, δ, ζ-Tetraketone mit Bleitetraacetat

Summary Oxidation of, , , -Tetraketones (I) with lead-tetraacetate yields dehydracetic acid and analogous compounds (IV). The reaction can be understood if one assumes that acylketenes (III) are formed as intermediates through the glycol-fission of the dienolic form II of the tetraketones.     

Apparition d'une protéine nouvelle,la contractine,dans les extraits de muscles contractés

Summary When rabbit muscles are fatigued, the electrophoretic pictures of the extracts of these muscles are free from -myosin and show a large decrease in the amount of ₁ and ₂-myosin.When the muscles are contracted by monobromacetate or stimulated and fixed in a contracted state by liquid air, -myosin is very much decreased, ₁ and ₂-myosin disappears entirely, and a new component appears which is called contractin.The disappearance of the classical myosins and the appearance of this new protein in the extracts ofshortened muscles, may be of great interest in the study of the protein changes responsible for muscle contraction.     

Die radiofrequente Strahlung der Sonnenkorona

Summary From the theory of the free-free-transitions of the electrons in the solar corona the absorption coefficient and optical thickness of the corona are calculated. From these the intensity of the coronal radiation at radio-frequencies is deduced for different distances from the centre of the sun's disc (Fig. 1). In fig. 2 the spectral intensity-distribution is given for radiation coming from the sun's centre (=0), from the sun's limb (=1), and from a point one solar radius outside the sun's limb.     

Galvanonarkose,galvanischer Krampf und die Frage der «funktionellen Polarität»

Summary I must refuteH. Winterstein's objections to my theory of a functional polarity of cord-like central nervous systems (CNS). As early as 1894Hermann rejected the hypothesis that a given section of the CNS could be put as a whole in an electrotonic state; a galvanic current always produces onlylocal electrotonic zones on the single nerve cells, this however in the entire length of the tissue through which the current passes, not merely in the vicinity of the electrodes applied to the body. When a current is made to flow through experimental animals under water or through a human subject between arm and leg, then no electrodes whatever lie in the vicinity of the CNS, so that in such a case only the direction of the current, i.e. the position of the electronic zones in the nerve cells, can be decisive. Thereversal of the current effects observed byH. Winterstein with his manner of applying the electrodes is to be referred simply to the presence of arcs of current, which have areversed direction of flow in the caudal part of the spinal cord and therefore naturally must alter the effect of the current apparently into its contrary.     

Einwirkung von N-Brom-succinimid aufΔ 4-3-Keto-steroide

Summary The bromination of ⁴-3-keto-steroids with the aid of N-bromo-succinimide takes place in 6-position, that is in allyl-position and not in-position to the keto group. By splitting off hydrogen bromide from these 6-bromo-compounds, ^4;6-3-keto-steroids are obtained in known manner.

---

---

53. Mitteilung der Reihe «Über Steroide» (52. Mitt. s. Helv. chim. acta29, 1231 (1946).     

Différenciation électrophorétique de myosines dans les muscles au repos et fatigués,de Mammifères et de Mollusques

Summary Rabbit as well as Mollusks myosin solutions are composed of three electrochemical distinct components:, and myosins, moving with the same speed in both species at definitep _H and ionic strength.Turbidity of myosin solutions is connected with the boundary.After the muscle has been stimulated till exhaustion, the component disappears and the component is very markedly decreased or absent.     

Existe-t-il des maladies raciales? Peut-on envisager un rapport entre le cancer et la race?

Summary E. Pittard gives in the first place a definition of race, urgently needed at present. The author shares the opinion ofde Quatrefages that the races have their pathological features as well as their clearly defined anatomical characteristics. The racially conditioned frequency of cancer is made evident by the example of the distribution of cancer in Italy and France. Finally the author argues for a statistic of cancer on ethnical and not exclusively national basis.