人足月胎盘间充质干细胞的分离纯化及其特征

目的:从人足月胎盘中分离、培养间充质干细胞(MSCs),并研究其生物学特征.方法:将人足月胎盘组织经胶原酶Ⅱ消化和贴壁培养法获取间充质干细胞,运用活细胞计数和碘化丙啶(PI)检测其增殖能力;采用流式细胞术检测其细胞表面标志的表达;用地塞米松、抗坏血酸及β-磷酸甘油诱导其向成骨细胞分化,并用Yon Kos-sa染色进行鉴定;用地塞米松与胰岛素诱导其向脂肪细胞分化,并以油红O染色进行鉴定.结果:从人足月胎盘分离的间充质干细胞为梭形贴壁细胞,增殖能力较强;强表达CD44、CD29,不表达CD34、CD45、CD106和HLA-DR;经诱导后向脂肪细胞及成骨细胞分化,油红O染色、Von Kossa染色为阳性.结论:人足月胎盘中也富含间充质干细胞,与其他来源的间充质干细胞的生物学特征相似,可能是组织工程新的干细胞来源.     

人胎肝MSCs的分离、鉴定及其向脂肪和成骨细胞的分化

目的:分离纯化人胎肝中的间充质样干细胞(mesenchymal-like stem cells,MSCs),观察化学因子诱导其定向分化的作用,并初步鉴定其生物学特性.方法:利用二步离心法、羟乙基淀粉沉淀法及细胞差速贴壁生长特性分离纯化人胎肝MSCs;流式细胞仪检测其细胞周期和表面标志;添加常规诱导液诱导其向脂肪、成骨细胞分化并加以鉴定.结果:从人胎肝中成功分离纯化得到MSCs,P3代细胞有91.2%的细胞处于GO/G1期;表达CD29、CD44、CD105和CD166,不表达造血细胞标志CD15、CD34、CD45,不表达与GVHD相关的HLA-DR、CD80、CD86、CD40、CD40L.在经典诱导条件下,人胎肝MSCs可向脂肪及成骨细胞分化.结论:人胎肝中含有较丰富的MSCs,人胎肝MSCs具有多向分化潜能,且免疫原性弱,是组织工程和细胞治疗较为理想的种子细胞.     

过表达IL-8受体对脐带源间充质干细胞生物活性的影响

目的探究腺病毒介导的IL-8受体过表达对脐带源间充质干细胞生物活性的影响。方法本研究利用含有IL-8RA和IL-8RB的c DNA和绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)基因的重组腺病毒载体(p Ad-IL-8RA-GFP、p Ad-IL-8RB-GFP和p Ad-Null-GFP)分别转染分离培养的P3-5代脐带源间充质干细胞,倒置荧光显微镜观察GFP的表达,流式细胞仪检测干细胞标签蛋白CD29、CD44、CD34、HLA-DR的表达,CCK-8实验检测转染后细胞的增殖能力,粘附实验及Transwell趋化实验观察过表达IL-8RA/B的脐带源间充质干细胞的迁移能力。结果脐带源间充质干细胞形态均一、生长状态良好;干细胞特异性相关蛋白CD29、CD44阳性表达,CD34、HLA-DR阴性表达;与对照组比较,IL-8RA/B过表达的脐带源间充质干细胞的增殖能力无明显改变,但是过表达IL-8RA/B的间充质干细胞粘附在损伤内皮上以及迁移到小室下方的细胞数目更多。结论以上结果表明IL-8RA/B的过表达不影响脐带源间充质干细胞的增殖能力,但是能够促进脐带源间充质干细胞向IL-8趋化和向损伤内皮细胞粘附。     

大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞向脂肪细胞、成骨细胞诱导分化及破骨细胞培养方法的建立

为建立稳定的大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞向脂肪细胞、成骨细胞诱导分化及破骨细胞培养的方法,为后续细胞共培养奠定实验基础。采用通过全骨髓贴壁法体外分离、培养、纯化大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的方法,进行形态学观察,并应用流式细胞术检测BMSCs免疫学表型,对其进行鉴定;将获得的第三代BMSCs向脂肪细胞和成骨细胞方向进行诱导分化,诱导21 d后的脂肪细胞应用油红O染色进行鉴定,成骨细胞应用茜素红染色进行鉴定;将获取的骨髓细胞液按照造血系单核干细胞诱导培养法向破骨细胞方向进行诱导分化,于28 d后进行抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色进行鉴定。结果显示,BMSCs体外培养14 d具有独特的细胞免疫学表型,流式细胞术检测,CD29+、CD44+表达量分别为97.92%和89.32%;在脂肪培养基诱导下,油红O染色阳性。在成骨培养基诱导下,茜素红染色阳性;骨髓细胞液在破骨培养基诱导下,抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色阳性。由此可知,建立了稳定的大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞向脂肪细胞、成骨细胞诱导分化及破骨细胞诱导分化的培养方法。     

人脐带间充质干细胞在肝部分切除模型大鼠体内向肝样细胞的分化

目的:探讨人脐带间充质干细胞(MSCs)移植到肝部分切除模型大鼠体内能否存活并分化为肝样细胞.方法:用胶原酶消化法从人的脐带分离出MSCs,培养并检测人脐带来源的MSCs的细胞表面标志.取第5代人脐带MSCs用PKH26标记,制作大鼠肝部分切除模型,将标记的细胞经门静脉植入大鼠体内,观察移植后第1、2、3周细胞能否存活,以及移植细胞能否向肝样细胞分化,表达肝细胞的标记物白蛋白.结果:人脐带MSCs能在体外大量扩增,移植到肝部分切除模型大鼠肝脏后细胞能存活,并表达肝细胞标记物白蛋白,PKH26标记后细胞在荧光显微镜下发红色荧光,荧光显微镜下可见肝脏冰冻切片中散在分布的标记细胞,免疫荧光染色大多数标记细胞白蛋白染色阳性,并发绿色荧光.结论:人脐带间充质干细胞移植至大鼠体内能够存活并分化为肝样细胞,人脐带间充质干细胞可能作为肝细胞移植的重要来源.     

人胎骨髓MSCs的分离鉴定及其向脂肪和成骨细胞的分化

目的:分离鉴定人胎骨髓中的间充质样干细胞(m esenchym al-like stem cell,MSCs),探索其体外培养的生物学特性。方法:利用细胞差速贴壁生长特性分离纯化人胎骨髓间充质样干细胞;利用流式细胞仪检测其细胞周期和表面标志;添加常规诱导液诱导其向脂肪、成骨方向分化,并利用特异性细胞化学染色法加以鉴定。结果:从人胎骨髓中成功分离、纯化得到间充质样干细胞,P4代细胞有92.3%的细胞处于G0/G1期;P5代细胞有96.1%的细胞处于G0/G1期;流式细胞仪检测P3代细胞结果显示:人胎骨髓MSC表达CD15、CD29、CD44、CD105、CD106和CD166,不表达造血细胞标志CD34、CD45,不表达与GVHD相关的HLA-DR、CD80、CD86、CD40、CD40L。在经典的诱导条件下,人胎骨髓MSCs可迅速向脂肪及成骨方向分化。结论:人胎骨髓中含有丰富的间充质样干细胞,具有较强的多向分化潜能,且免疫原性弱,是组织工程的较为理想的种子细胞。     

体外诱导人骨髓间充质干细胞向胰岛β样细胞分化的研究

目的：探讨体外诱导人骨髓间充质干细胞（ＭＳＣs）向胰岛β样细胞分化。方法：在无菌条件下从正常成人骨髓中分离间充质干细胞,体外培养传3代后用表皮生长因子（epidermal growth factor,EGF）、β-巯基乙醇和高糖培养基诱导MSCs向胰岛β样细胞分化。观察MSCs在诱导前后的形态变化;用胰岛素免疫细胞化学染色检测胰岛素的表达;用双硫腙染色鉴定胰岛β样细胞。结果：未经诱导的MSCs在培养体系中呈贴壁生长,长梭形,经诱导分化后,细胞逐渐变圆,并聚集成团;胰岛素免疫细胞化学表明细胞团内的细胞呈胰岛素染色强阳性反应：双硫腙染色阳性。结论：人骨髓间充质干细胞可在体外被定向诱导分化为胰岛β样细胞。     

体外诱导大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞表达酪氨酸羟化酶

目的:探讨体外诱导大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)表达酪氨酸羟化酶,为帕金森病细胞移植替代治疗提供特异性分化的细胞.方法:在无菌条件下从SD大鼠的股骨中分离骨髓间充质干细胞,体外培养传3代后,用表皮生长因子、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子和抗坏血酸诱导MSCs 表达酪氨酸羟化酶.在镜下,观察MSCs 在诱导前后的形态变化;用免疫荧光染色检测酪氨酸羟化酶的表达.结果:MSCs经诱导分化后,胞体逐渐变圆,并伸出神经轴突、树突样突起;免疫荧光化学表明细胞酪氨酸羟化酶染色呈强阳性反应.结论: SD大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞在体外能被定向诱导表达酪氨酸羟化酶,有可能为帕金森病治疗提供特异性分化的细胞.     

人脐带间充质干细胞植入大鼠肝切模型中的分化研究

目的:探讨携带增强型绿色荧光蛋白(enhanced green fluorescent protein,EGFP)标记的人脐带间充质干细胞(human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells,HUC-MSC)植入肝部分切除大鼠体内后,其在大鼠肝脏中的分化能力。方法:首先将人脐带间充质干细胞分离培养并且进行表面标志物检测,以携带EGFP标记的慢病毒载体(lentiviral vector,LV)转染HUC-MSC。将SD大鼠随机分成3组:空白组、模型组及实验组,3组均建立大鼠肝切模型,空白组不注入HUC-MSC,模型组注入未标记的HUC-MSC,实验组注入EGFP标记的HUC-MSC。3个月后分离大鼠肝脏细胞,继而进行相关指标检测。冰冻切片HE染色观察病理结构,流式细胞仪检测间充质干细胞的纯度及CD90在肝细胞中的表达量,荧光显微镜观察EGFP在肝组织的表达。结果:病理切片显示带有EGFP的人脐带间充质干细胞在组织上表达,其中一部分聚集于血管内,形成栓子,附在血管壁上;手术后各组大鼠的肝都有炎症反应,但组织结构良好,各组间未见明显的形态学差异。HUC-MSC高表达CD44、CD29、CD105和CD90,不表达CD34、CD45、CD106、CD31、CD40和HLA-DR。流式结果显示模型组EGFP的表达率为(0.27±0.21)%,实验组为(11.68±1.46)%,与模型组相比具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。CD90的表达结果显示模型组CD90的表达量较高,为(0.843±0.146)%,实验组低表达CD90,阳性率为(0.026±0.017)%,与模型组相比具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:人间充质干细胞可以分化为肝细胞,LV介导EGFP标记的人间充质干细胞可以稳定分化为肝细胞并且被检测到,但是易于形成栓子,肝细胞低表达CD90,为以后干细胞的分化提供实验依据。     

BrdU标记骨髓间充质干细胞的研究

目的:探讨5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷(5-Bromo-21-deoxyuridine,BrdU)标记骨髓间充质干细胞(Mesenchymal stem cells.MSCs)的可行性.方法:分离培养骨髓MSCs,经BrdU标记不同时间,免疫细胞化学鉴定.结果:MSCs的CD44、CD54免疫细胞化学染色阳性率达90%以上.BrdU标记的阳性细胞率随标记时间延长而逐渐增高,标记72h阳性率达85%以上.结论:以10μmol/L的BrdU标记骨髓MSCs的最佳时间是72h.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-