静电纺氧化铝纳米纤维研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法,以聚乙烯醇、硝酸铝、水为原料配制出了硝酸铝/聚乙烯醇溶胶-凝胶纺丝液,并通过静电纺丝技术纺制了Al(NO3)3/PVA有机-无机杂化纤维,经高温锻烧后得到了平均直径约为50～250nm无机纳米氧化铝纤维。     

水分散体系溶胶--凝胶法制备莫来石凝胶纤维的研究

以异丙醇铝、硝酸铝为铝源，正硅酸乙酯为硅源，采用水溶性体系溶胶-凝胶法合成了可纺莫来石溶胶，并在实验室制备了莫来石凝胶纤维；系统研究了原料配比、催化剂、纺丝助剂等因素对可纺性的影响，初步探讨了反应机理。     

铝溶胶改性杨木纤维性能的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法以铝的无机盐为原料制备溶胶,通过真空加压法将溶胶引入杨木纤维细胞壁内,分析改性后杨木纤维的性能。结果表明,铝溶胶处理木纤维的质量增加率受其含水率的影响,木纤维含水率越高,木纤维／氧化铝纳米复合材料的质量增加率越低。在溶胶处理木纤维过程中采用超声波处理,超声波时间越长,木纤维／氧化铝纳米复合材料的质量增加率越高。红外分析表明,在处理后木纤维的内部已经形成O—Al—O键,可以推测Al2O3凝胶的存在;扫描电镜-能谱分析(SEM-EDX)可看出,溶胶粒子已经渗入到细胞壁内,并保持了木材多孔结构。以杨木纤维-氧化铝纳米复合材料压制的中密度纤维板尺寸稳定性和阻燃性明显提高。     

溶胶凝胶法制备莫来石纤维及莫来石晶化的动力学研究

以异丙醇铝、硝酸铝和正硅酸乙脂为原料,通过溶胶凝胶法制备了可纺的莫来石前躯体溶胶,异丙醇铝和硝酸铝的最佳摩尔比为4:1.凝胶纤维在1 200℃煅烧1 h,得到了表面光滑、直径均匀的莫来石纤维.采用Kissinger方程和Ligero方程计算,得到莫来石晶化的活化能分别为993.5 kJ/mol和1 014.2 kJ/mol.     

无机莫来石连续纤维材料制备研究进展

 无机莫来石连续纤维具有良好的热稳定性、化学稳定性及高温强度,因而被广泛用作绝热材料、高温结构材料和纤维增强体,是一类具有重要用途的高温陶瓷材料。莫来石连续纤维制备工艺复杂,影响因素众多,制备较为困难。美日企业已经掌握了莫来石连续纤维的制备工艺并开展了商业化生产,而国内仍集中于低附加值莫来石短纤维的生产,尚未开发出莫来石连续纤维商业化产品。本文系统介绍了溶胶-凝胶、静电纺丝、超细微粉挤出、熔融、内结晶等莫来石连续纤维制备方法的优缺点,总结了国内外在这一领域的近期研究进展,重点论述了溶胶-凝胶法干纺方法的优势;介绍了金属无机盐溶胶-凝胶和金属醇盐溶胶-凝胶两种技术路线,对其中涉及到的溶胶结构、稳定性、助剂作用等关键问题进行了探讨,并展望了莫来石连续纤维制备技术的发展方向。     

电纺CoFe2O4纳米纤维及其磁性研究

采用溶胶-凝胶过程和静电纺丝技术,以三氯化铁(FeCl3·6H2O)、醋酸钴(Co(CH3COO)2·4H2O)和聚乙烯醇(PVA)为前驱物,制得PVA/FeCl3/Co(CH3COO)2复合纳米纤维.经高温煅烧,制备了CoFe2O4纳米纤维.利用扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、差热-热重(TG-DTA)和X射线衍射(XRD)等分析测试手段对样品进行了表征,并研究了其磁性质.结果表明:静电纺丝技术制备的CoFe2O4纳米纤维为规则的一维结构,直径分布均匀,具有良好的铁磁性.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备Al2O3超细粉体

以硝酸铝为原料,柠檬酸为络合剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备Al2O3超细粉体,用X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜对粉体的晶体结构、粒径及形貌进行表征.考察了柠檬酸用量以及焙烧温度对A12O3粉体的物相、形貌特征的影响.结果表明:硝酸铝与柠檬酸的摩尔比为1:3,pH值为l时,可制备稳定的溶胶,溶胶经过120℃恒温干燥12 h后得到...     

Bi_2O_3纳米纤维的制备、表征及光催化性能

采用溶胶-凝胶过程和静电纺丝技术相结合的方法,以聚丙烯腈(PAN)和硝酸铋为前驱物,制备了PAN/Bi(NO3)3复合纤维,该复合纤维经高温煅烧得到了Bi2O3纳米纤维.利用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱、紫外可见漫反射光谱等测试技术对样品的结构与性能进行了表征.结果表明,Bi2O3纳米纤维为规则的一维结构,直径分布均匀,具有较强的紫外光吸收性能.以罗丹明B为模拟污染物,考察了Bi2O3纳米纤维的光催化性能.实验结果表明,煅烧温度为500℃时,光催化活性最佳,TOC去除率为48.7%.     

溶胶凝胶法制备Al_2O_3及NF_3分解反应

以硝酸铝为铝源,加入几种结构导向剂,溶胶凝胶法制备了氧化铝前躯体,焙烧制得了比表面积较大的中孔γ-Al2O3,与NF3反应时表现出了较高的反应活性.其中加入PEG-2000为结构导向剂、溶胶凝胶结合超声处理法制备的γ-Al2O3反应活性较高,NF3全转化时间达540 min.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备二氧化硅陶瓷纤维的研究

以正硅酸乙酯(Si(OC2H5)4,TEOS)为原料,盐酸为催化剂制备二氧化硅(SiO2)溶胶,与二醋酸纤维素(SCA)成纤助剂均匀混合制备纺丝液,干法纺丝制备连续SiO2凝胶纤维,最后在空气中热解得到SiO2纤维.SCA显著提高了纺丝液的稳定性,在室温下保存24 h以上也不发生显著变化,克服了普通溶胶在可纺丝黏度范围内稳定性差、可纺丝时间短的缺点.研究了不同H2O/TEOS比例对可纺性的影响.结果表明,当摩尔比为3/1时,纺丝液具有优良的纺丝性,同时实现溶胶稳定性和陶瓷产率的合理优化.通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、力学性能测量对纤维进行了表征.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has