掺铝氧化锌透明导电薄膜生长及光电性质研究

采用磁控溅射在载玻片上制备掺铝氧化锌AZO透明导电薄膜,并用扫描电子显微镜观察薄膜的表面形貌,四探针电阻率测试仪测量样品的方块电阻和电阻率,分光光度计测量薄膜透射率.结果表明当功率、温度、氢气掺杂比为200 W、300℃、8%时,制备的AZO薄膜具有最小的方块电阻和电阻率,且在可见光区域内透射率均超过80%.     

衬底温度和溅射功率对AZO薄膜性能的影响

采用RF磁控溅射法在载玻片上制备了可用于电极材料的掺Al氧化锌(AZO)透明导电薄膜,并对不同衬底温度和溅射功率下制备的AZO薄膜结构、光电性能进行了表征分析.结果表明:各种工艺条件下沉积的AZO薄膜均具有明显的(002)择优取向,没有改变ZnO六方纤锌矿结构;薄膜电阻率随衬底温度升高而减小,随溅射功率增加先减小后增大,衬底温度400℃、溅射功率200W时最小,为1.53×10-5Ω.m;可见光平均透射率均在80%以上,光学带隙与载流子浓度变化趋势一致,最大值为3.52eV.     

衬底温度对射频溅射沉积ZAO透明导电薄膜性能的影响

利用射频磁控溅射法制备了ZAO透明导电薄膜,通过XRD、SEM等手段对薄膜特性进行测试分析,研究了衬底温度对薄膜结构、表面形貌及其光电性能的影响.结果表明:衬底温度从300 ℃增加到400 ℃时,薄膜晶粒增大,晶粒结构分布规则,电阻率快速下降,可见光平均透过率明显提高.当衬底温度为400 ℃时ZAO薄膜的电阻率为2×10-3 Ω*cm、透过率为84 %,但是当衬底温度进一步升高时,薄膜性质将呈现下降趋势.     

应用于太阳能电池的AZO透明导电薄膜光学性质研究

以铝掺杂氧化锌陶瓷靶作为溅射源,采用射频磁控溅射工艺在玻璃衬底上制备了掺铝氧化锌（AZO）透明导电薄膜,利用全光谱拟合法计算了AZO薄膜的光学常数和厚度,研究了厚度对AZO薄膜光学性质的影响.结果表明：拟合光谱曲线与实测光谱曲线一致,薄膜的光学性能与厚度密切相关,AZO薄膜折射率表现为正常的色散特性.另外还采用包络法计算了AZO薄膜的折射率和厚度,两种方法所得结果基本相符.     

薄膜厚度对ZAO透明导电膜性能的影响

采用直流反应磁控溅射法,用Al含量为2%的Zn/Al合金靶材,室温下在玻璃衬底上制备了ZAO透明导电薄膜样品.在其他参数不变的情况下,由不同溅射时间得到不同的薄膜厚度,研究了薄膜的结构性质、光学和电学性质随薄膜厚度的变化关系.制备的ZnO:Al薄膜具有(002)面的单一择优取向的多晶六角纤锌矿结构,电阻率为5.1×10-4Ω.cm,平均透射率达到88%.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备掺铝氧化锌透明导电膜的正交实验研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了掺铝氧化锌(ZnO：Al,ZAO)透明导电膜。对薄膜用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、四探针仪及紫外 可见分光光度计等分析测试手段进行了表征;通过正交实验探讨了溶胶浓度、铝离子的摩尔掺杂量以及退火温度等因素对其电阻率的影响。结果表明,薄膜电阻率随溶胶浓度、铝离子掺杂量的增加,呈现先减小后增大的趋势,并随退火温度的升高而减小,从而确定了制备ZAO透明导电膜的优化工艺条件为：溶胶浓度0.8mol/L,铝离子的掺杂量1.0%(摩尔分数),退火温度550℃。在优化工艺条件下制得的ZAO透明导电薄膜具有标准的ZnO纤锌矿结构,其电阻率为1.275×10^-3Ω·cm,平均透光率达84%。     

薄膜厚度对ＺｎＯ：Ａｌ透明导电膜的结构和光电性能的影响

采用射频磁控溅射法在有机薄膜衬底和 70 5 9玻璃衬底上在室温下制备出了因淀积时间变化而厚度不同的ZnO :Al透明导电膜 ,并对不同厚度薄膜的结构特性、表面形貌和光电特性进行了比较研究 .铝掺杂的氧化锌薄膜是多晶膜具有六角纤锌矿结构 ,最佳取向为 (0 0 2 )方向 .淀积时间为 3 0分钟的薄膜具有最低的电阻率 ,分别为 2 .5 5× 1 0 3Ω·cm和 1 .89× 1 0 3Ω·cm ,在可见光区的平均透过率分别达到了 80 %和 85 %以上 .     

溅射功率对 ZnO ∶Mn 薄膜结构、应力和光电性能的影响

利用直流磁控溅射法,在玻璃衬底上制备掺锰氧化锌（ZnO ∶Mn）透明导电薄膜．研究了溅射功率对薄膜结构、力学性能和光电性能的影响．功率对薄膜应力影响不是很大,且应力均为负值,表现为压应力．溅射功率通过改变晶粒尺寸和结晶程度而影响薄膜的导电性能：当溅射功率为135 W 时,薄膜的电阻率具有最小值为1．10×10－2Ω·cm．实验表明,功率是影响 ZnO ∶Mn 薄膜性能的一个重要参量．     

热处理对ZnO:Al薄膜的结构、光学和电学性质的影响

用电子束蒸发技术在石英衬底上制备了铝掺杂氧化锌(ZnO:Al)透明导电薄膜, 并对其退火前后的结构和光电性质进行了研究. X射线衍射实验结果表明所制备样品均具有c轴择优取向的六角多晶结构. 光致发光谱由较强的紫外发光和弱深能级缺陷发光组成. 薄膜具有较高的透射率、电导率和载流子浓度. Hall效应测试结果表明薄膜为简并n型半导体, 室温电阻率为6.7×10^−4 Ω∙cm, 载流子浓度在10²⁰ cm^−3量级. 研究了其导电机理及载流子的输运机制.     

磁控溅射法制备ZnO:Ga薄膜的结晶质量及其应力研究

以氧化锌(Zn O)掺杂氧化镓(Ga2O3)的陶瓷靶作为溅射靶材,采用射频磁控溅射技术在玻璃衬底上制备了透明导电的掺镓氧化锌(Zn O:Ga)薄膜.通过X射线衍射仪测试研究了衬底温度对薄膜结晶性能及其残余应力的影响.研究结果表明:所有Zn O:Ga薄膜均为六角纤锌矿型的多晶结构并具有(002)方向的择优取向特性,其结晶性能和残余应力与衬底温度密切相关.随着衬底温度的升高,薄膜的(002)择优取向程度和晶粒尺寸呈现出先增大后减小的变化趋势,而薄膜的残余压应力则单调减小.当衬底温度为400℃时,Zn O:Ga薄膜具有最大的晶粒尺寸(75.1 nm)、最大的织构系数TC(002)(2.995)、较小的压应力(-0.185 GPa)和最好的结晶性能.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that