一种恢复数字化畸变凸性图像的算法

介绍了一种恢复数字化畸变凸性图像的算法-增强算子，讨论该方法增强和恢复被高斯噪声畸变的凸性数字化图像的原理，并通过计算机模拟实例验证了增强算子处理畸变凸性数字化像点的有效性，该方法已用于处理Al-Mn-Si准晶的数字化高分辨电子显微镜（HREM）像，揭示了HREM像中的周期性特征。     

Wave and defect dynamics in nonlinear photonic quasicrystals

Quasicrystals are unique structures with long-range order but no periodicity. Their properties have intrigued scientists ever since their discovery and initial theoretical analysis. The lack of periodicity excludes the possibility of describing quasicrystal structures with well-established analytical tools, including common notions like Brillouin zones and Bloch's theorem. New and unique features such as fractal-like band structures and 'phason' degrees of freedom are introduced. In general, it is very difficult to directly observe the evolution of electronic waves in solid-state atomic quasicrystals, or the dynamics of the structure itself. Here we use optical induction to create two-dimensional photonic quasicrystals, whose macroscopic nature allows us to explore wave transport phenomena. We demonstrate that light launched at different quasicrystal sites travels through the lattice in a way equivalent to quantum tunnelling of electrons in a quasiperiodic potential. At high intensity, lattice solitons are formed. Finally, we directly observe dislocation dynamics when crystal sites are allowed to interact with each other. Our experimental results apply not only to photonics, but also to other quasiperiodic systems such as matter waves in quasiperiodic traps, generic pattern-forming systems as in parametrically excited surface waves, liquid quasicrystals, and the more familiar atomic quasicrystals.     

混凝土结构地震需求参数敏感性分析

对基本不确定因素通过结构体系进行传递,并对使结构的地震需求参数出现不确定性的过程进行分析,探讨将FOSM法、Tornado图形法和直接统计法应用于敏感性分析的优势和局限性。以1个典型混凝土框架结构为例,综合运用一次二阶矩方法、Tornado图表法和直接统计法,估计4种结构地震需求参数对于一系列基本不确定因素的敏感度,进而对基本不确定因素的重要性进行排序。研究结果表明:结构的地震需求对地震动的强度和特征最敏感,其次为结构阻尼、质量和混凝土抗压强度,而对其他不确定因素不太敏感,这为结构随机地震反应分析以及概率地震需求分析提供了依据。     

层状钙钛矿巨磁阻材料La_(1.2-x)Nd_xSr_(1.8)Mn_2O_7的微结构研究

利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)及高分辨电子显微镜(HREM)研究了层状巨磁电阻材料La1.2-xNdxSr1.8Mn2O7(x=0.2)的显微结构.研究结果表明,Nd掺杂氧化物La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7仍具有四方对称性,即掺杂Nd没有改变原有的晶体结构.通过HREM观察发现,Nd掺杂氧化物La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7含有较多的缺陷,其中包括与其他RP相形成的共生结构、(101)剪切结构以及一些比较复杂的缺陷结构.     

Growth of decagonal quasicrystal phase in laser resolidified Al72Ni12Co16

An ultra-high temperature gradient directional solidification process produced by a widened laser beam was adopted to achieve the directionally solidified microstructure of the stable decagonal quasicrystal phase in Al72Ni12Co16 alloy. X-ray, SEM, TEM and optical microscopy techniques were used to investigate the microstructures and identify the phase. The directionally solidified decagonal quasicrystal showed the facet morphology and grew in lateral growth mode. The unusual periodic and quasiperiodic atomic structures of the decagonal quasicrystal and the epitaxial growth in the melt pool were considered to be the key factors influencing the growth morphology. The experimental results were consistent with the Toner's theoretical atomistic growth model.     

一维点阵的电子态

本文利用A、B构成序列有不同排列方式,模拟出晶体、孪晶、准晶和无序的一维结构。应用紧束缚模型,对各结构的电子态进行计算研究,系统地分析比较了各序列的电子能谱、态密度、局域度以及波函数图象,得出准晶体结构是一种新的结构,其电子态不同于晶体、孪晶及无序体的电子态等结论。     

钢筋砼结构材料非线性本构关系及有限元法研究

随着工程结构问题研究发展的深入和电子计算机的迅速发展,非线性有限元法在钢筋混凝土结构分析中得到了越来越广泛的应用。与线弹性有限元法相比,非线性有限元法具有"全过程仿真"的特点。本文对钢筋砼结构材料非线性本构关系及有限元法的特点、研究进展、存在问题做了分析和评价;重点探讨了非线性分析中所使用的材料本构方程、材料非线性有限元分析方程和有限元程序的编制。最后对上述研究进行了概括并提出了应用前景。     

Growth of decagonal quasicrystal phase in laser resolidified Al72Ni12Co16

An ultra-high temperature gradient directional solidification process produced by a widened laser beam was adopted to achieve the directionally solidified microstructure of the stable decagonal quasicrystal phase in Al₇₂Ni₁₂Co₁₆ alloy. X-ray, SEM, TEM and optical microscopy techniques were used to investigate the microstructures and identify the phase. The directionally solidified decagonal quasicrystal showed the facet morphology and grew in lateral growth mode. The unusual periodic and quasiperiodic atomic structures of the decagonal quasicrystal and the epitaxial growth in the melt pool were considered to be the key factors influencing the growth morphology. The experimental results were consistent with the Toner’s theoretical atomistic growth model.     

Interpretation of the tenfold symmetry in electron-diffraction pattern

The electron-diffraction pattern (EDP) of the Al-Co-Cu decagonal phase is scanned with high accu racy and processed via the recognizing operator. The calculated center position of the diffraction spots of the processed EDP can be interpreted via the integral lattice points in an oblique coordinate system with different unit lengths. A peri odic tiling presented in this paper can generate the diffraction pattern, in which the positions of the diffraction spots are exactly located at the same integral lattice points. Consequently, the EDP of the Al-Co-Cu decagonal phase may be pro duced by a periodic structure.     

等规聚苯乙烯单链单晶的结构和耐辐照性能

利用电子衍射（ED）和高分辨电子显微（HREM）技术，研究等规聚苯乙烯（i－PS）单链单晶的结构．纳米级的单链单晶具有很强的耐电子辐照性能．按照i－PS的晶胞能对ED图中的衍射环和HREM像中的晶格条纹进行晶面指标化，但发现低指数衍射缺失．由于单链单晶的尺寸很小，电子辐照所产生的次级电子可以逸出晶体，使辐照损伤大大减小．另外，单链单晶存在着较少的低指数晶面，未能产生足够的衍射强度，使低指数晶面的衍射缺失．单链单晶对电子辐照稳定，在室温下，可得到高分辨晶格条纹象，这为研究高分子晶体的结构开辟了新的实验方法．