二甲基甲酰胺中电沉积镁镍合金的研究

研究了二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)溶液中Mg(Ⅱ)和Ni(Ⅱ)在Pt和Cu电极上的电化学行为；用恒电位法沉积出有金属光泽、致密、附着力好的Mg-Ni合金膜，并用EDAX分析Mg-Ni合金膜组成，其中Mg含量可达26．07％(质量比)，用SEM分析膜表面形貌，用X-射线衍射（XRD)分析合金膜的形态为非晶态．     

两种Mg-Zn-Nd合金的微观组织和性能

利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、万能力学试验机、电化学法等手段,研究Mg97Zn1Nd2(Ⅰ)和Mg94Zn2Nd4(Ⅱ)2种镁合金的微观组织、力学性能及电化学腐蚀性能。结果表明:2种合金均由α-Mg基体相和第2相Mg12Nd组成,第2相在Ⅰ合金中呈不连续断网状分布,在Ⅱ合金中呈近似连续网状分布。Ⅱ合金较Ⅰ合金的晶粒更加细化,抗拉强度、硬度及延伸率分别由201.73 MPa、82.2 MPa及3.07%提高到220.61 MPa、87.2 MPa及5.31%。Ⅰ合金为脆性断裂,Ⅱ合金为混合型断裂。Ⅱ合金较Ⅰ合金腐蚀电流密度由-3.342 m A/mm2增大到-2.834 m A/mm2,耐腐蚀性能减弱。     

快淬Mg2Ni型合金的结构及贮氢动力学

用快淬技术制备Mg2-xLaxNi(x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6)贮氢合金,用XRD,SEM和HRTEM分析合金的微观组织结构;测试合金的气态及电化学贮氢动力学。结果表明:快淬二元Mg2Ni合金具有典型的纳米晶结构,而快淬La替代合金明显地具有非晶结构,La替代Mg提高Mg2Ni型合金的非晶形成能力。La替代Mg明显地改变Mg2Ni型合金的相组成,当x=0.4时,合金的主相改变为(La,Mg)Ni3+LaMg3。快淬及La替代明显影响合金的气态及电化学贮氢动力学,La替代使合金的吸氢动力学先降低后增加,但使合金的气态脱氢及电化学贮氢动力学先增加后降低。快淬对合金气态及电化学贮氢动力学的影响与合金的成分相关,对于La0.4合金,合金的气态吸氢动力学随淬速的增加先增加后减小,其放氢动力学随淬速的增加而增加。     

乙酰胺-尿素-NaBr熔体中电沉积Mg-Co合金的研究

在353K的乙酰胺-尿素-NaBr熔体中,Co（Ⅱ）一步不可逆还原为金属Co,测得Co（Ⅱ）在Pt电极上n为0．308和D0为2．58×10^-7cm^2·S^-1;Co（Ⅱ）在Cu电极上α为0．25,Do为3．2×10^-6cm^2·s^-1Mg（Ⅱ）不能单独被还原为Mg,但是可以被Co（Ⅱ）诱导共沉积．由恒电位电解法得到非晶态的Mg-Co合金膜,合金中Mg的含量随着阴极电位的负移和Mg（Ⅱ）／Co（Ⅱ）摩尔比增大而增大,镁的最大含量可达28．75wt％．     

镁基大块非晶玻璃转变的动力学性质

用真空吹铸法制备了直径2 mm的Mg65Cu25Y6Gd4与Mg65Cu25Gd10块体非晶合金棒,采用X射线衍射分析(XRD)、差热分析(DTA)分别对非晶合金的结构和形成能力进行了研究.以Mg65Cu25Y6Gd4与Mg65Cu25Gd10大块非晶合金DTA实验为基础,利用Kissinger方程对其玻璃转变的动力学性质从不同方面进行了研究.分析结果表明:玻璃转变表观激活能与频率因子v0越小,玻璃转变处Lasocka关系的B值越大,则对于同一合金系表现出玻璃形成能力(GFA)越强,这一现象是由于大块非晶合金独特的结构特点所引起的.     

充型速度对半固态A1Si9Mg组织及性能的影响

采用倾斜冷却剪切流变法制备半固态A1Si9Mg合金熔体,流变压铸标准力学性能试样并进行了力学性能测定,用定量金相技术对力学性能试样的初生固相微观组织特征参数(固相率、晶粒尺寸和形状因子)进行了分析,研究了充型速度对半固态AlSi9Mg合金组织及性能的影响.研究结果表明:随着充型速度的提高,AlSi9Mg合金组织的初生固...     

Mg-Zn-Al系合金组织和力学性能

通过调整Mg—Zn—Al系合金中Al和Zn的含量及比例,研究了其组织和力学性能变化规律．Mg—Zn—Al系合金组织由α-Mg基体和β相(Mg17Al12)、MgZn相、T相(Mg32(Al,Zn)49)组成．AZ51合金具有最高的常温抗拉强度,但屈服强度较低：AZ95和AZ55合金同时具有较好的常温抗拉强度和屈服强度．合金元素较少的合金高温强度低,合金元素多的合金强度高,AZ95合金具有良好的高温抗拉强度和屈服强度．常温和高温下,Mg—Al—Zn合金的塑性均随合金元素的增加而降低．     

Mg-3Al-1Zn-(0~0.5)Sr镁合金铸态组织中的第二相研究

为系统研究微量Sr对铸态AZ31镁合金组织中第二相的影响,且为含Sr的Mg-Al-Zn系合金设计提供理论基础,通过X射线衍射分析(XRD)、差热分析(DSC)、扫描电镜观察(SEM)和能谱分析(EDS)等手段,对Sr含量为0~0.5(质量分数,%,下同)AZ31镁合金铸态组织中的第二相的类型及形成原因进行了分析。结果表明：铸态AZ31合金中除了Mg17Al12相以外,还存在少量的小块状Mg21(Zn,Al)17相。添加Sr含量为0.1的AZ31合金中存在Mg17Al12、Mg21(Zn,Al)17相以及少量Al4Sr相,添加Sr含量为0.3的合金组织中能观察到Al4Sr、Mg21(Zn,Al)17相以及少量Mg17Al12相,而在添加Sr含量为0.5的合金中仅能观察到Al4Sr和Mg21(Zn,Al)17相,Mg17Al12相的形成受到抑制。此外,层片状共晶Al4Sr相的数量在质量分数为0.3~0.5的区间随着Sr含量的增加显著增多。     

复合锑膜修饰铜电极溶出伏安法测定水中痕量镉、铅

制备了一个铜锑合金层过渡的锑膜修饰铜电极,用于水中镉和铅的检测.该电极以铜电极为基底,先利用循环伏安法得到铜锑合金层,然后在合金层表面沉积一层锑膜.研究了电沉积和操作参数对溶出峰电流的影响.在浓度范围1~100μg/L的Cd(Ⅱ)和Pb(Ⅱ)溶液中,该电极显示出良好的线性关系,线性相关系数分别为0.996 0和0.995 2.铜基复合锑膜电极对Cd(Ⅱ)和Pb(Ⅱ)的检出限分别为0.25μg/L和0.08μg/L(信噪比为3).该电极具有成本低、易制作、稳定、低毒、重现性好等优点,有望应用于环境水质的现场监测.     

Mg-Ce-Zn-Zr合金的显微组织与力学性能

对Mg—Ce—Zn—Zr合金的显微组织进行了观察研究，通过XRD分析、光学显微(OM)分析、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析表明：Mg12Ce及Mg17Ce2相铸态时主要存在于晶界，存在于晶界的稀士相Mg12Ce能显著提高合金的再结晶温度，阻碍晶界迁移．因而能提高合金高温机械性能，该合金在热挤压后没有发现明显动态再结晶发生．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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